Gender Differences in In-hospital Mortality and Angiographic Findings of Patients with Acute ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

There are conflicting reports in the literature regarding the role of sex on the in-hospital mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction. The objective of this study is to determine whether there are gender differences in in-hospital mortality and angiographic findings of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We conducted a prospective study of all patients admitted to University Hospital Center Split, Croatia with STEMI from 2004 to 2008 who underwent PCI. From March 2004 throughout September 2008, 488 patients with STEMI underwent PCI (364 men, 74.6%; 124 women, 25.4%). Compared with men, women were significantly older (mean age, 67.3 vs. 60.3 years; p<0.001). Men had a significantly higher proportion of circumflex artery occlusion (19.5% vs. 10.5%, p=0.022). A higher proportion of men had a multivessel disease than women (56.8% vs. 41.9%; p=0.004). In-hospital mortality was significantly higher among women (11.3% vs. 4.6%; p=0.002) but after adjustment for the baseline difference in age, the female sex was not an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.15; 95% CI 0.82–1.84). In men, occlusions of left anterior descending artery showed higher mortality rate than occlusions of other coronary arteries (LM 0%, LAD 7.3%, Cx 2.8%, RCA 0.7%, p=0.03). According to our results female gender is not an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention. In men, occlusions of left anterior descending arteries are associated with higher mortality rate comparing to occlusions of other coronary arteries

Maternal nutrition status and foetal outcome, and customs and practices in pregnancy and lactation affecting nutrition in Sri Lanka

Data were collected on 1025 women in a cross-sectional clinic based study in rural Mawanella (Central Province) and in urban Greater Colombo. A longitudinal study was undertaken of a further 525 mothers seen in antenatal clinics and their neonates born at Kandy hospital (Central Province). Indicators of nutritional status used were maternal height, maternal weight, antenatal weight, antenatal BMI, non-pregnant BMI, MUAC, anaemia <8g/dl indicated by copper sulphate solution. Indicators of pregnancy outcomes used were maternal postnatal BMI, birthweight, birth length, neonatal head, ponderal index, asymmetric growth, and weight/length. The population was heterogeneous with a large range of height (32 cm in the urban and 36 cm in the rural). Babies of taller mothers were significantly heavier and longer yet mothers of all heights had babies of similar ponderal index suggesting all babies could be considered equally well-grown. Five height specific fetal growth charts were developed from the height specific median weights found at 20 weeks pregnancy in social class 1-3. IUGR defined by birthweight less than the 10th centile ranged from 2.35 kg on the Short chart to 2.6 kg on the Tall chart. This suggests that some babies born weighing <2500 g are not growth-retarded but well grown for their mother's height. Height appropriate fetal growth monitoring can help alert midwives and obstetricians to what size of baby is to be expected for a particular height and weight of mother. Population characteristics of factors known to be associated with IUGR are described. Paternal smoking occurred in half the study families. More than half (55%) of the non-pregnant women in Mawanella and Colombo (N = 346) had a very low BMI (< 18.8). An antenatal (8/9 months) MUAC of 22.4cm will predict an antenatal BMI <23 at 8/9 months pregnancy with positive and negative predictive values of 87% and 75%. From comparison of routine data and the study measures, recommendations are made to improve routine anthropometric measurements and assessment of growth for gestational age antenatally and neonatally. Field applications of key anthropometric procedures and anaemia assessment are described

Dinamika CO2 in procesi raztapljanja v kraški vadozni coni

The dynamics and distribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) in karst systems are crucial for understanding fundamental karst processes, namely precipitation and dissolution, which drive karst development both at the surface and underground. The study of CO2 transport provides valuable insights into the role of karst systems in the global carbon cycle and the impact on present climate, but also into the growth of speleothems, which are one of the most reliable terrestrial archives for palaeoclimate reconstruction. Due to the complexity of karst systems, long-term monitoring and high-resolution analyses of cave air and water geochemistry are essential to better understand the controlling factors that affect these processes and their outcomes. In the framework of this dissertation, cave climate and water hydrochemistry monitoring was established in a side-passages of the renowned Postojna Cave in Slovenia during 2017–2021. In the Pisani Passage, high CO2 concentrations, large temporal variations and a heterogeneous distribution of CO2, as well as extreme dissolution features, have already been detected in previous studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate these observations in depth and to find the reasons for their occurrence. This led to creating of a conceptual model for CO2 transport in karst systems that would be valid not only in this case but in karst areas worldwide. The first focus of the study is dedicated to understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in the Pisani Passage, which is mainly transported by advection (i.e., cave ventilation). Continuous measurements of airflow velocity, air temperature and pCO2 showed (1) that airflow through the karst massif is driven by both the action of the chimney effect and external winds, and (2) that the relationship between the direction of airflow, the configuration of airflow pathways and the connection to the outside explains the observed variations in pCO2. Due to the particular configuration of the airflow pathways, the terminal chamber of Pisani Passage accumulates high levels of CO2 (>10,000 ppm) and forms high vertical gradients of up to 1000 ppm/m. The pCO2 is low and uniform during updraft when outside air flows into the cave chamber through open, unobstructed passages (i.e., high-flow, low-pCO2 pathways). When the airflow reverses direction to downdraft, the chamber is fed by low-flow, high-pCO2 pathways that enter the cave passage through a CO2-rich fracture network embedded in a vadose zone. The spatial distribution of inlets and outlets results in minimal mixing between the low and high pCO2 pathways, leading to high and persistent pCO2 gradients. In addition to the chimney effect driving the seasonal ventilation of the cave, the specific signs of a secondary wind-driven effect were also foundwhich is the second focus of this study. Wind flow over irregular topography leads to near-surface air pressure variations, and thus, pressure differences between cave entrances at different locations. Pressure differences depend on wind speed and direction and their relationship to surface topography and the location of cave entrances. Winds can act in the same or opposite direction as the chimney effect, either enhancing, diminishing or even reversing the direction of density-driven airflows. In the case of Postojna Cave, north and northeast winds enhance the downdraft and limit updraft, while the opposite is true for south winds, which enhance the updraft and limit downdraft. To investigate the importance of wind-driven flow, a computational fluid dynamics model was used to calculate the wind pressure field over Postojna Cave and the pressure differences between selected points for different configurations of wind speed and direction. These values were compared with those obtained from airflow measurements in the cave and from simple theoretical considerations. Despite the simplicity of the approach and the complexity of the caPoznavanje časovne in prostorske porazdelitve ogljikovega dioksida (CO2) v kraških sistemih je ključno za razumevanje raztapljanja in izločanja karbonatov v krasu. Ti procesi poganjajo razvoj krasa na površini in v podzemlju. Prav tako raziskave prenosa CO2 v kraških sistemih nudijo oceno pomena kraških procesov v globalnem kroženju ogljika in posledično njihovega globalnega klimatskega pomena. CO2 ima ključno vlogo pri rasti kapnikov, ki so eden najzanesljivejših kopenskih arhivov za paleoklimatske raziskave. Dolgoročna opazovanja in analize parametrov jamskega zraka in kemičnih parametrov vode v kraških jamah nam omogočajo določitev ključnih dejavnikov in mehanizmov, ki vplivajo na kraške procese. V okviru te disertacije smo v obdobju 2017–2021 vzpostavili monitoring jamskega zraka in geokemije vode v stranskih rovih Postojnske jame v Sloveniji. V Pisanem rovu so bile v prejšnjih študijah že odkrite visoke koncentracije CO2, velika časovna in prostorska spremenljivost CO2 ter sledi intenzivnega raztapljanja matične kamnine in sige. Namen te študije je raziskati in pojasniti ta opažanja z vidika temeljnih procesov v krasu in sestaviti širše veljaven konceptualni model prenosa CO2 v kraških sistemih. V prvem delu se osredotočamo na razumevanje prostorske in časovne spremenljivosti parcialnega tlaka CO2 (pCO2) v Pisanem rovu. Pri tem predpostavimo, da je glavni dejavnik prenosa CO2 naravno prezračevanje kraškega masiva. Analiza samodejnih meritev hitrosti zračnega toka, temperature zraka in pCO2 v visoki časovni ločljivosti je pokazala da: (1) pretok zraka skozi kraški masiv poganjata učinek dimnika (vzgon) in tlačne razlike, ki jih povzročajo zunanji vetrovi, (2) opaženo prostorsko in časovno porazdelitev CO2 lahko pojasnimo z razmerjem med smerjo podzemnega zračnega toka in konfiguracijo zračnih poti, ki povezujejo jamo z zunanjo atmosfero. Zaradi teh dejavnikov v končni dvorani Pisanega rova opazujemo izjemno časovno in prostorsko spremenljivost koncentracije CO2 v zraku. V zimskem režimu, ko zunanji zrak priteka v dvorano skozi glavni jamski vhod in velike dobro prezračene rove z nizkim pCO2, je pCO2 v dvorani stalno nizek. Ko zračni tok obrne smer, v dvorano s površja zrak doteka skozi mrežo razpok, z različnim pretokom in koncentracijo CO2. Prostorska porazdelitev dotokov in iztokov povzroča minimalno mešanje med potmi z nizkim in visokim pCO2, kar vodi do močnih in obstojnih gradientov pCO2. V drugem delu naloge obravnavamo dejavnike, ki vsiljujejo tok zraka v kraškem masivu. Meritve so pokazale, da v primeru Postojnske jame poleg učinka dimnika, pretok zraka vsiljuje tudi zunanji veter. Tok vetra po nepravilnem reliefu povzroča spremembe zračnega tlaka blizu površine in posledično tlačne razlike med vhodi v jamo na različnih mestih. Te razlike so odvisne od zveze med hitrostjo in smerjo vetra ter oblikovanostjo površja in položaj jamskih vhodov. Vetrovi lahko vsiljujejo tok zraka v isti ali nasprotni smeri kot učinek dimnika, tako da povečajo, zmanjšajo, ali celo obrnejo smer zračnega toka, ki bi ga povzročal samo vzgon. V primeru Postojnske jame severni in severovzhodni veter spodbujata poletni režim in omejujeta zimski režim, južni veter pa krepi zimski režim in omejuje poletni režim naravnega prezračevanja zaradi učinka dimnika. V raziskavi smo z uporabo računske dinamike tekočin (CFD) izračunali tlačno polje vetra nad Postojnsko jamo in tlačne razlike med izbranimi točkami za različne konfiguracije hitrosti in smeri vetra. Te vrednosti smo primerjali z ocenami tlačnih razlik, ki smo jih dobili iz meritev pretoka zraka v jami in preprostih teoretičnih izhodišč. Kljub enostavnemu pristopu in kompleksnosti jamskega sistema, smo dobili zadovoljivo ujemanje. Raziskava prinaša prvo kvantitativno oceno relativnega prispevka površinskih vetrov k prezračevanju kraškega podzemlja. V tretjem delu obravnavamo tvorbo korozijskih kotlic, ki jih najdemo pod številnimi curki v končnem delu Pisanega rova. Raziskave temeljijo na st

TwitchView(c) Monitor Use for Quantitative Neuromuscular Monitoring: An Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation

Neuromuscular paralysis is an integral aspect of anesthesia. Muscle relaxation is implemented to provide a suitable surgical environment, aid in intubation, and enhance respiratory compliance (Cook & Simons, 2022). Neuromuscular monitoring is often used for patients undergoing general anesthesia. Proper neuromuscular monitoring is essential when managing a surgical patient undergoing general anesthesia. Anesthesia providers are responsible for knowing the theory behind neuromuscular monitoring and the appropriate execution of placement, monitoring, and interpretation of monitoring devices. Quantitative neuromuscular monitoring is a newer technology that can provide definitive numerical data regarding neuromuscular blockade. Implementing the quantitative neuromuscular monitor can potentially reduce the likelihood of adverse events related to residual paralysis. Without proper application and interpretation of quantitative neuromuscular monitoring, patients are at an increased risk of adverse events, leading to poor patient outcomes and putting hospital facilities under further financial burden. Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a versatile multipurpose evaluative tool for evaluating healthcare professionals in a clinical setting. Due to the nuance of the TwitchView(c) quantitative neuromuscular monitor, The University of Southern Mississippi’s (USM) Nurse Anesthesia Program (NAP) lacks a standard clinical evaluation tool for placement, monitoring, and interpretation. Therefore, an OSCE for TwitchView(c) quantitative neuromuscular monitor use was developed using evidence-based knowledge. A panel of experts of clinically practicing Student Registered Nurse Anesthetists (SRNAs) and Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) familiar with the TwitchView(c) monitor evaluated the OSCE for its competency. Survey results proved the OSCE was clinically competent and represented doctoral-level work

How Preschool Teachers Use Book Sharing Strategies to Build Academic Language Skills

AbstractMeiners-Lovel, Lorraine A. PhD. The University of Memphis. Preschool Teachers Use of Book Sharing Strategies to Build Academic Language Skills. May, 2020. Emily Thrush, PhD. ArrayIt is essential to understand the role of preschool teachers in the linguistic preparation of young children for kindergarten and elementary school. This understanding becomes even more important as more American preschoolers attend group care and public universal pre-kindergarten becomes more common. Children must master the variety of language known as the academic register, academic language, or school language in order to be academically successful. Preschool teachers need to understand the features of academic language and how to communicate them to young children. This mixed methods comparative study looked at whether or not preschool teachers used various linguistic behaviors that are known to help children learn academic language during large group book sharing. It compared various teacher and child care center characteristics to see which if any produced better pedagogical methods. None of the characteristics studied produced statistically significant results. Four teachers in the study were also interviewed. These qualitative results provided a number of interesting insights into preschool teachers linguistic knowledge and how it might inform their pedagogical practice regarding teaching academic language. The results of this study could be used to help preschool teachers and administrators understand certain linguistic concepts and how to use them during story time to help children learn academic language. They might also help preschool teacher preparation programs design academic programs that teach these preliteracy pedagogical practices

Methods of research in soil dynamics as applied to implement design

Cover title. "May, 1929 (Reprinted 1937)." Includes bibliographical references (p. 27). Also available in microfilm under: State agricultural papers

Grouse News 11-20 (1996-2000)

Issue 11 (June 1996) Editorial, Diana Lovel Diary of David and Margaret\u27s visit to the Pyrenees June 19-28, 1995 Adaptability of gamebirds, David Jenkins Pheasants and grouse, Matt Ridley Letter to the editor, Tim Lovel Grouse Group founded, Rudi Suchant Hybrids between capercaillie and black grouse and their characteristics, Jan Porkert Does the occurrence of capercaillie-black grouse hybrids in Øvre Landvik, southern Norway signalize the coming extinction of capercaillies, as it did in Ostsudeten in the Czech Republic? Jan Porkert in cooperation with Arne Flor Review of Naturschutz report The effect of matrix on the occurrence of hazel grouse in isolated habitat fragments, J. Åberg, G. Jansson, J. E. Swenson, P. Angelstam Long-term dynamics of hazel grouse populations in source- and sink-dominated pristine taiga landscapes, Aleksandr B. Beshkarev, Jon E. Swenson, Per Angelstam, Per Andrén, and Aleksei B. Blagovidov Grouse snippets Issue 12 (December 1996) Grouse Specialist Group, Matt Ridley The Seventh International Grouse Symposium, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, August 1996, Anne Westerberg Grouse Specialist Group Chairmanship, Diana Lovel Letter to the editor, Ilse Storch Sage grouse and the conservation reserve program in north-cenlral Washington, Michael A. Schroeder Review of lhe dislribution of hazel grouse in lhe Korean Peninsula, Sang-Hoon Han and Yuzo Fujimaki A summer wilh rock ptarmigan in northeast Greenland, Manfred Lieser Capercaillie conservation meetings, Scotland Grouse snippets New publications Issue 13 (June 1997) Editorial, Diana Lovel Grouse Specialist Group Grouse Specialist Group: Chairman\u27s column, Ilse Storch Profile: Jack Connelly, a member of the Grouse Specialist Group Committee Breeding of Siberian spruce grouse Falcipennis falcipennis and Caucasian black grouse Tetrao mlokosiewiczi in captivity, Hans-Heiner Bergmann, Siegfried Klaus, and Ursula Wilmering Review of Die Haselbühner Bonasa bonasia und Bonasa sewerzowi: Die Neue Brehm Bücherei by H.-H. Bergmann, S. Klaus, F. Müller, W. Scherzinger, J. F. Swenson, and J. Wiesner Diary of David and Margaret\u27s visit to the Pyrenees June 19-28, 1995, Part II Ecology and behaviour of the Chinese grouse, Siegfried Klaus, Wolfgang Scherzinger, and Yue-Hua Sun Grouse snippets Issue 14 () Editorial, Diana Lovel Grouse Specialist Group Chairman\u27s column, Ilse Storch Forum: Re-introduction as a conservation tool: Breeding and releasing projects for capercaillie in Germany, Siegfried Klaus Prairie grouse translocations in North America: A viable management alternative? Jack Connelly Profile: Kathy M. Martin Profile: Sun Yue-Hua Chinese grouse at Lianhuashan: Progress report from a project supported by the GSG, Sun Yue-Hua and Fang Yun Behavioural studies of Chinese grouse during mating season in 1997, Siegfried Klaus, Wolfgang Scherzinger, Sun Yue-Hua, and Fang Yun A new distribution area of the Chinese grouse in Tibet, Lu Xin Surveys of the Caucasian black grouse in Armenia, Alexander Solokha Recent publications Grouse snippets Issue 15 (June 1998) Editorial, Diana Lovel Grouse Specialist Group Chairman\u27s column: A disturbing topic ... human disturbance of grouse [Forum], Ilse Storch Human disturbance of grouse in France, Emmanuel Menoni and Yann Magnani Skiing and grouse in the Bavarian Alps, Albin Zeitler and Ulrich Glanzer Tourism in the Black Forest: Danger for the capercaillie, Rudi Suchant and Ralf Roth Buman disturbance of grouse in Switzerland, Pierre Mollet Effects of human disturbance on Sharp-tailed grouse, Rick Baydack Letter to the editor, Jimmy Oswald Grouse snippets Issue 16 (December 1998) Editorial, Diana Lovel Chairman\u27s column, Ilse Storch Chinese hazel grouse, Roald L. Potapov Visiting the United Kingdom for grouse and pheasant, Fang Yun Funding for Cllinese grouse project, Ilse Storch A grouse model-area in the northern Black Forest, Helmut Weiss Age determination of the hazel grouse based on skulI pneumatization, Hee-Young Chae and Yuzo Fujimaki The plant species eaten by hazel grouse in the southern part of the Russian Far East, Vitalii A. Nechaev and Yuzo Fujimaki Profile: Tim Lovel Dead rats may save grouse from barriers Issue 17 () Editorial, Diana Lovel Grouse Specialist Group Chairman\u27s column: News from the Grouse Action Plan, Ilse Storch The research programme for Finnish Grouse, Harto Lindén Population dynamics of black grouse in managed boreal forests, Arto Marjakangas The effects of hunting on the willow ptarmigan population: A short description of an ongoing project, Tor K Spidsø, Han Christian Pedersen, Harald Steen, Leif Kastdalen, and Webjorn Svendsen Grouse and grouse researchers in Noway, Torstein Storaas The reintroduction of capercaillie in Parc national des Cévennes, Christian Nappée Investigations on Chinese grouse in comparison with hazel grouse and ruffed grouse: Landscape ecology, ecology and behaviour, Siegfried Klaus, Yue-Hua Sun, Yun Fang, and Wolfgang Scherzinger Brief note Erratum for Grouse News, issue 16 (December 1998), Ilse Storch Issue 18 (December 1999) Editorial, Diana Lovel Grouse Specialist Group Chairman\u27s column, Ilse Storch Genetic markers for studying spatial structure of grouse populations, Gernot Segelbacher and Ilse Storch Eighth International Grouse Symposium Decline of capercaillie in Scotland Grouse snippet Black grouse are flourishing, Tim Lovel Issue 19 (2000) Chairman\u27s column, Ilse Storch Grouse Specialist Group IUCN Grouse Action Plan available soon Implementing the Grouse Action Plan, or why three parents are better than one, Philip McGowan Russian capercaillie Tetrao urogallus from the wild released into Thuringian forests, Siegfried Klaus and Karin Graf A research project on limiting factors for Cantabrian caperailJie José Ramón Obeso Changes of capercaillie habitats with altitude in Slovenia, Miran Cas Portraits of GSG committee members: Siegfried Klaus and Alexander V. Andreev Sun Yue-Hua awarded for his continued project on the Chinese grouse Conservation biological study on the Chinese grouse Bonasa sewerzowi and other endemic birds in southern Gansu, China, Sun Yue-Hua Welcome to 9th International Grouse Symposium in China Conference announcement: The Fate of Black Grouse in Moors and Heathlands of Europe, Liège, Belgium, September 26-29, 2000 Issue 20 (2000) Editorial, Diana Lovel Chairman\u27s column, Ilse Storch The Gunnison sage grouse: Can sexual selection increase the rate of speciation and extinction? Jessica Young Hazel grouse in Mongolia, A, Bold Compared modeling of climatic influences on black grouse population dynamics in Europe: Summary of the doctoral thesis, Michèle Loneux Nest predation on ground nesting birds in Bavaria in relation to the distance to farmland and habitat structure, Evi Tschunko Eggs of spruce grouse lose water faster than eggs of ruffed grouse, J. F. Bendell and J. J. Bendell-Young Monitoring of black grouse in the Belluno Province (eastern Italian Alps), M. Ramanzin, M. Bottazzo, S. Fuser, G. Sommavilla Grouse: Status survey and action plan 2000-2004, compiled by Ilse Storch Capercaillie and woodpeckers as indicators in alpine forests: Applications and limitations as conservation tools, Irene Fischer Announcement: Grouse Symposium 200

Kontaktni krš u zaleđu izvora Rječine – najbrža podzemna vodna veza prema izvorima?

U radu su predstavljeni rezultati prvih speleoloških istraživanja i geomorfološki opisi pojava na kontaktnom kršu sjevernog ruba navlačne strukture Rječine u riječkom zaleđu. Područje obuhvaća malenu izvorišnu i ponornu zonu na zapadnom rubu krškog vodonosnika koji snabdijeva najveće krške izvore sjevernog Jadrana – izvor Rječine i Zvir. Rezultati prijašnjih studija trasiranja vodenih tokova pokazali su da je upravo ovdje utvrđena najbrža podzemna vodena veza prema izvorišnim zonama sjeverozapadnog ruba Grobničkog polja. U najmanju ruku to upućuje na dobro razvijenu podzemnu mrežu vodenih kanala, a time i na moguća speleološka otkrića

Dairy refrigeration on rural electric lines

Cover title. "April 1934." Also available in microfilm under: State agricultural papers