Time to think: fostering critical and creative thinking through a practice-based investigation of the effects of time and space in the field of art education

Thesis MA (VA)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: my own experience as an artist, I have found the relations between time, space, matter and self to be fascinating subjects. The effort of understanding the impact these notions have on our behaviours led me to think of these influences in a manner that enables critical and creative thinking within the context of art and art education. My research investigated the cognitive effects of time and space to explore new ways of understanding and viewing, using observation and awareness as a means of adopting critical and creative thoughts embodied in visual creations. We occupy space and time, and understand these notions through personal relations, but we do not always understand the impact they have on our behaviours and emotions. To some degree, we are all products of our environment. During the course of my postgraduate studies in Art Education, I was introduced to qualitative and post-qualitative research methods situated around a materialist perspective of being. With the use of these mixed methods I conducted research that aimed at discovering the possibilities of becoming aware of the intra-active agencies between human and non-human entities, and to reflect on the processes and happenings throughout. The research was conducted through a case study during the course of three weeks at a high school situated in the Western Cape with 21 Grade 11 learners. The aim of the research was to explore how the act of creating art can be used as a medium for critical, creative and reflective thinking. My focus was on shifting the understanding of art beyond the ‘realistic’, direct copying of life method of creating art that is commonly found in school curricula. From a materialist perspective, our current education system fails to recognise the impact of our own experiences and lived realities on understanding and developing new ways of knowing. By allowing learners to become part of a materialist perspective of mind, body and matter through art, I explored the possibilities of how they were able to become more aware of these interrelations and, in turn, develop a better sense of self. The conclusions of the findings suggest that high school learners have the critical and creative means to think of and with mind, body and matter to develop a greater understanding of themselves in relation to their surroundings. They also suggest the importance of art as a medium for learning to help develop the necessary critical, creative and reflective thinking processes for acquiring a better understanding of a given phenomenon. Art creates moments for self-discovery, self-reflection and self-inquiry that help individuals grow. Not only can learners achieve personal development through the act of creating, but they are also able to better understand the dynamics of instances that surround them.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In my eie ervaring as kunstenaar vind ek die verhoudings tussen tyd, ruimte, materie en self fassinerende onderwerpe. In ʼn poging om die impak van hierdie idees op ons gedrag te verstaan, het ek aan hierdie invloede begin dink op ʼn manier wat kritiese en kreatiewe denke in die konteks van kuns en kunsopvoeding moontlik maak. My navorsing het ʼn ondersoek behels na die kognitiewe effekte van tyd en ruimte om nuwe maniere van begrip en kyk te verken deur gebruik te maak van waarneming en bewustheid as ʼn manier om kritiese en kreatiewe gedagtes vergestalt in visuele skeppings aan te neem. Ons neem ruimte en tyd in beslag, en verstaan hierdie idees deur persoonlike verhoudings, maar ons verstaan nie altyd die impak wat dit op ons gedrag en emosies het nie. In ʼn mate is ons almal produkte van ons omgewing. Gedurende my nagraadse studie in kunsopvoeding is ek bekendgestel aan kwalitatiewe en post-kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes rakende ʼn materialistiese perspektief van bestaan. Met behulp van hierdie gemengde metodes het ek navorsing uitgevoer met die doel om die moontlikhede van bewuswording van die intra-aktiewe agentskappe tussen menslike en nie-menslike entiteite te ontdek, en oor die prosesse en gebeurtenisse na te dink. Die navorsing is uitgevoer deur middel van ʼn gevallestudie oor drie weke by ʼn hoërskool in die Wes-Kaap met 21 Graad 11-leerders. Die doel van die navorsing was om te ondersoek hoe die kunstelike proses van skepping gebruik kan word as ʼn medium vir kritiese, kreatiewe en besinnende denke. My fokus was daarop om die begrip van kuns te verskuif van die ‘realistiese’, direkte nabootsing van die lewe wat algemeen in skoolleerplanne voorkom. Vanuit ʼn materialistiese perspektief gee ons huidige onderwysstelsel nie erkenning aan die impak van ons eie ervarings en geleefde realiteite op die begrip en ontwikkeling van nuwe maniere om te weet nie. Deur leerders toe te laat om deel te word van ʼn materialistiese perspektief van verstand, liggaam en materie deur middel van kuns het ek ondersoek hoe hulle meer bewus kon word van hierdie onderlinge verwantskappe, en sodoende ʼn beter selfgevoel kon ontwikkel. Die gevolgtrekkings van die bevindinge dui daarop dat hoërskoolleerders die kritiese en kreatiewe middele het om van en met die verstand, liggaam en materie te dink om beter begrip van hulself in verhouding tot hul omgewing te ontwikkel. Dit dui ook op die belangrikheid van kuns as ʼn leermedium om die nodige kritiese, kreatiewe en besinnende denkprosesse te ontwikkel om beter begrip van ʼn gegewe verskynsel te ontwikkel. Kuns skep oomblikke van selfontdekking, selfbesinning en selfondersoek wat individue help groei. Kuns help leerders nie net om persoonlike ontwikkeling te bereik deur te skep nie, maar ook om die dinamika van gebeurtenisse wat hulle omring beter te verstaan.Master

Milk composition as technique to evaluate the relative bioavailability of a liquid rumen protected methionine source

Rumen protected amino acids (RPAA) are increasingly being used in dairy cattle diet formulation to obtain the required concentrations of lysine and methionine in metabolisable protein for optimal milk and milk protein production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative bioavailability of a liquid rumen protected lysine prototype using the milk composition technique. Forty mid-lactation Holstein cows were used in a complete randomised block design experiment and allocated to one of four experimental treatments. The treatments were: (1) Methionine deficient (Met-) diet, (2) Met- diet supplemented with Smartamine M (SMM), (3) Met- diet supplemented with liquid rumen protected prototype (LRPMet) and (4) Met- diet supplemented with DL Met (DLMet), a hydroxyl analogue of methionine. After an adaptation phase all four groups received the Met- diet and thereafter switched over to the four treatments. Cows supplemented with SMM had higher milk protein and milk fat % compared to the other treatments and increased milk casein % significantly when compared to the Met-control treatment. The milk protein percentages were 3.06, 3.25, 2.95 and 3.46 and the milk fat percentages 3.84, 3.93, 3.75 and 4.27 for the Met-, LRPMet, DL Met and SMM treatments, respectively. SMM again proved to be the RPAA with a high relative bioavailability, while the LRPMet failed to elicit any milk yield or milk composition response. The milk composition technique proved to be a simple but effective technique to evaluate the bioavailability of rumen protected products or prototypes.http://www.sasas.co.za/am201

Cyanoacrylate closure for peripheral veins: Consensus document of the Australasian College of Phlebology

Background: Cyanoacrylates are fast-acting adhesives used in procedural medicine including closure of superficial wounds, embolization of truncal vessels pre-operatively, vascular anomalies, visceral false aneurysms, endoleaks, gastrointestinal varices and gastrointestinal bleeding. More recently, catheter-directed cyanoacrylate adhesive closure was introduced as an alternative to endovenous thermal ablation (ETA) to occlude superficial veins of the lower limbs. Objectives: To formulate policies for the safe and effective delivery of cyanoacrylate adhesive closure procedures in Australasia, based on current experience and evidence. Methods: A panel of phlebologists including vascular surgeons, interventional radiologists, dermatologists and research scientists systematically reviewed the available data on cyanoacrylate products used in medicine and shared personal experience with the procedure. The reviewed material included bibliographic and biomedical data, material safety data sheets and data requested and received from manufacturers. Results and recommendations: Cyanoacrylate adhesive closure appears to be an effective treatment for saphenous reflux with occlusion rates at 36 months of 90–95%. We recommend a maximum dose of 10 mL of cyanoacrylate per treatment session. Serious complications are rare, but significant. Hypersensitivity to acrylates is reported in 2.4% of the population and is an important absolute contraindication to cyanoacrylate adhesive closure.1 Post-procedural inflammatory reactions, including hypersensitivity-type phlebitis, occur in 10–20% of patients.2 In the long term, cyanoacrylate adhesive closure results in foreign-body granuloma formation within 2–12 months of the procedure. We recommend against the use of cyanoacrylate adhesive closure in patients with uncontrolled inflammatory, autoimmune or granulomatous disorders (e.g. sarcoidosis). Caution should be exercised in patients with significant active systemic disease or infection and alternative therapies such as thermal ablation and foam sclerotherapy should be considered. Conclusions: Cyanoacrylate adhesive closure appears to be an effective endovenous procedure, with short-term closure rates comparable to ETA and therefore greater efficacy than traditional surgery for treating superficial veins of the lower limbs. Ongoing data collection is required to establish the long-term safety

Die Gedragsekologie en bestuur van die silwervos 'Vulpes Chama' (A. Smith) met spesiale verwysing na die Oranje-Vrystaat

Aspekte van gedrag met inbegrip van kommunikasie, sosiale interaksies en hul ontwikkeling, en die sosiale organisasie van die silwervos word beskryf. Die silwervos is klaarblyklik asosiaal omdat hulle inin kontak maak, alleen jag en hulle kommunikasie nie baie komplek is nie. Die silwervos benut klein prooi en verkies areas met hoë prooidigtheid , maar benut ook prooi wat in lae digthede voorkom omdat die vosse baie beweeglik is. Omdat hierdie prooi nie gedeel kan word nie moet die vosse alleen jag. Dit is bevind dat silwervosse geneig is om ‘n optimale kossoek strategie te gebruik alhoewel hulle opportuniste is. Hulle getalle work klaarblyklik deur rooijakkelse beperk. Die stuuraspekte is betudeer end it dui daarop dat die silwervos wel skaaplammers vang, maar dat hierdie problem se oplossing gekoppel is aan menslike aspekte. Dit word voorgestel dat individuele vosse wat problem veroorsaak verwyder word deur middle van gifafskieters gestel in die omtrek van hulle prooi.Dissertation (MSc (Dierkunde))--University of Pretoria, 1982.Zoology and EntomologyMSc (Dierkunde)Unrestricte

Economical responsibility towards the other : a pastoral study

Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2021.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The following research study investigated economic responsibility towards the other from a pastoral theological point of view. The study’s theoretical framework is shaped by the dialogical Intergenerational pastoral process (DIPP). The DIPP is a theory advocated within practical theology and pastoral care that allows for a better understanding of the complexities in relationships within families and communities. The DIPP puts a strong emphasis on the intergenerational connectedness of future, present and past generations. The research methodology that guided this study was Richard Osmer’s four tasks of practical theology. This approach to practical theology gives structure and serves as a clear reminder of how important the field of practical theology and pastoral care can be, especially in the challenging times we live in. Osmer’s approach guides researchers with the four core tasks namely, i) the Descriptive-empirical task, ii) the Interpretive task iii), the Normative task and iv) the Pragmatic task. These core tasks will fittingly guide the different research aspects within the study. This study was inspired by an article Hanneke Meulink-Korf & Wim Noorlander wrote in 2012 in the aftermath of the 2008 economic recession. The title of the article is ‘Resourcing Trust in a Fragmented World – The Social-Economical Dimension and Relational Ethics in the Track of Boszormenyi-Nagy.’ This article inspired the researcher to explore how the DIPP can be applied to a socio-economic crisis. The two main concepts used from the DIPP to approach the economic challenge of debt within the study was responsibility and hope. The Biblical jubilee was used as a supportive theological lens towards the DIPP. The goal of the research was not to solve the debt crisis or to predict a hypothesis. The purpose of the study was to explore how economic responsibility towards the other and a realistic perspective of hope might look like in the 21st century amidst all the challenges we face. The pastoral theological study took the risk to enter the field of economics and therefore attempted to stand on the bridge between the fields of theology and economics. The final aim was to assist pastoral caregivers with a fresh imagination to approach a socio-economic problem like the debt crisis.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing studie het gekyk na ekonomiese verantwoordelikheid teenoor die ander vanuit ‘n pastorale hoek. Die studie se teoretiese raamwerk was gevorm deur die dialogiese intergenerasionele pastorale proses (DIPP). Die DIPP is ‘n teorie wat binne die veld van praktiese teologie en pastorale sorg soek na ‘n beter verstaan van die kompleksiteit binne verhoudinge in gemeenskappe en families. Die DIPP plaas ‘n sterk klem op die intergenerasionele verbintenis tussen toekomstige, huidige en generasies vanuit die verlede. Die navorsing metodologie wat gebruik was, was Richard Osmer se vier kern take van praktiese teologie. Hierdie metodologie gee struktuur en dien as ‘n herinnering oor die belangrikheid van teologiese interpretasie en pastorale sorg in die uitdagende tye waarin ons lewe. Osmer se benadering lei navorsers met vier kern take naamlik die i) deskriptiewe-empiriese taak, ii) die interpretasie taak, iii) die normatiewe taak, en iv) die pragmatiese taak. Die vier take het gepas die verskillende aspekte van die navorsing begelei. Hierdie studie was geïnspireer deur ‘n artikel van Hanneke Meulink-Korf & Wim Noorlander wat in 2012 geskryf was na afloop van die 2008 ekonomiese resessie. Die titel van die artikel is ‘Resourcing Trust in a Fragmented World – The Social-Economical Dimension and Relational Ethics in the Track of Boszormenyi-Nagy.’ Hierdie artikel het die navorser geïnspireer om ondersoek in te stel oor die DIPP se toepaslikheid tot sosio-ekonomiese uitdagings. Die twee fokus konsepte wat gebruik was vanuit die DIPP om die ekonomiese krisis van skuld te benader was verantwoordelikheid en hoop. Die Bybelse jubeljaar was gebruik as ‘n ondersteunende teologiese bril tot die DIPP. Die doel van die studie was nie om die skuld krisis op te los of om ‘n hipotese te voorspel nie. Die doel van die studie was om ondersoek in te stel oor hoe ekonomiese verantwoordelikheid teenoor die ander en ‘n realistiese perspektief van hoop kan lyk in die 21ste eeu te midde van al die uitdaginge wat ons in die gesig staar. Die pastorale studie het die risiko geneem om op die brug tussen die velde van teologie en ekonomie te staan. Die finale doel was om pastorale versorgers tot vars verbeelding te begelei rondom sosio-ekonomiese probleme soos die skuld krisis.Master

Die Gedragsekologie en bestuur van die silwervos 'Vulpes Chama' (A. Smith) met spesiale verwysing na die Oranje-Vrystaat

Read abstract on the documentDissertation (MSc (Dierkunde))--University of Pretoria, 1982.Zoology and EntomologyMSc (Dierkunde)Unrestricte

Radiation cholecystitis - a case report after Yttrium-90 microsphere therapy

Radioembolization with Yttrium-90 microspheres has long been recognized as a viable treatment option for a variety of hepatic tumours. However, there is a paucity of data on biliary complications that can result from this procedure. We hereby describe a case report of a patient who experienced persistent right upper quadrant abdominal pain after radioembolization with Yttrium-90 microspheres in our institution.2 page(s

Radioembolization with yttrium-90 microspheres for pancreatic cancer liver metastases : results from a pilot study

Background. Patients with livermetastases from pancreatic adenocarcinomas have a dismal prognosis. Surgical resection remains the only curative option but is appropriate for only a minority of patients as a treatment option. This is the first study to examine the safety and efficacy of radioembolization with yttirum-90 microspheres for these patients. Patients and methods. All patients with histologically proven pancreatic carcinoma liver metastases referred to a single institution from 2006-2009 were included in the study. After radioembolization, follow-up abdominal computed tomography scans were performed to assess response according to the Response Criteria in Solid Tumors guidelines. Results. Seven patients were identified fromour prospectively collected data base. Of the five patients with available computed tomography follow-up, 2 patients achieved a partial response and 1 patient had stable disease. One patient with partial response survived for nearly 15 months after radioembolization therapy. No patient experienced major post-radioembolization complications. Conclusions. Radioembolization with yttrium-90 microspheres may have a useful role in treating patients with pancreatic carcinoma liver metastases in a multimodality setting. Results of the current study warrant further investigation of this novel treatment.4 page(s