The New IHO S-102 Standard: Charting a New Frontier for Bathymetry

Soundings and contours are the only official way data producers can push bathymetric information to the wide hydrographic community. The introduction of the S-102 standard for bathymetry will enable many possibilities within the community of bathymetry users. Liaising with the International Hydrographic Organization’s (IHO) Transfer Standard Maintenance and Application Development (TSMAD) Working Group, the Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS) and the US Naval Oceano-graphic Office (NAVO) has led the development and practical testing of this revolutionary standard, officially called the Bathymetric Surface Product Specification S‑102. In partnership with IIC Technologies, GeoNet Technologies, and CARIS, CHS created one of the first prototypes of S‑102 datasets, using the CARIS Bathy DataBASE software suite. A portfolio of 86 high definition bathymetric charts was subsequently produced within a few weeks, successfully validating a speci-fication that will potentially change the manipulation of bathymetric data we’ve known for years.Los sondeos y las curvas de nivel son las únicas fuentes productoras de datos de forma oficial que pueden hacer llegar la información batimétrica a la vasta comunidad hidrográfica. La introducción de la Norma S-102 para batimetría permitirá varias posibilidades en el seno de la comunidad de los usuarios de batimetría. La coordinación con el Grupo de Trabajo de la Organización Hidrográfica Internacional (OHI) sobre el Mantenimiento de la Norma de Transferencia y el Desarrollo de Aplicaciones (TSMAD), con el Servicio Hidrográfico Canadiense (SHC) y con el Servicio Oceanográfico de la Marina de EE.UU. (NAVO) ha guiado el desarrollo y las pruebas prácticas de esta norma revolucionaria, oficialmente denominada Especificación de Producto para la Batimetría de Superficie S‑102. En asociación con IIC Technologies, GeoNet Technologies y con CARIS, el SHC creó uno de los primeros prototipos de las colecciones de datos de la S‑102, utilizando la serie de programas informáticos “Bathy DataBASE” de CARIS. Un catálogo de 86 cartas batimétricas de alta definición fue producido posteriormente en pocas semanas, validando con éxito una especificación que cambiará potencialmente la manipulación de los datos batimétricos que hemos conocido durante años.Les sondes et les isobathes constituent la seule manière officielle qu’ont les producteurs de données pour diffuser les informations bathymétriques à l’ensemble de la communauté hydrographique. L’introduction de la norme S-102 pour la bathymétrie offrira de nombreuses possibilités à la communauté des utilisateurs bathymétriques. Les liaisons avec le groupe de travail de l’Organisation hydrographique internationale (OHI) sur la maintenance et le développement d’applications de la norme de transfert (TSMAD), avec le Service hydrographique canadien (SHC) et avec le Service océanographique naval des USA ont conduit au développement et à la mise à l’essai de cette norme révolutionnaire, officiellement appelée Spécification de produit pour la bathymétrie surfacique, S‑102. En partenariat avec IIC Technologies, GeoNet Technologies et CARIS, le SHC a créé l’un des premiers prototypes des ensembles de données de la S‑102, à l’aide du logiciel Bathy DataBASE de CARIS. Un portefeuille contenant 86 cartes bathymétriques en haute définition a ensuite été produit dans les semaines qui ont suivi, validant avec succès une spécification qui modifiera potentiellement la manipulation des données bathymétriques connues depuis des années

High prevalence of extrapyramidal signs and symptoms in a group of Italian dental technicians

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Social Capital, Ideology, and Health in the United States

Research from across disciplines has demonstrated that social and political contextual factors at the national and subnational levels can impact the health and health behavior risks of individuals. This paper examines the impact of state-level social capital and ideology on individual-level health out-comes in the United States. Leveraging the variation that exists across states in the United States, the results reveal that individuals report better health in states with higher levels of governmental liberalism and in states with higher levels of social capital. Critically, however, the effect of social capital was moderated by liberalism such that social capital was a stronger predictor of health in states with low levels of liberalism. We interpret this finding to mean that social capital within a political unit—as indicated by measures of interpersonal trust—can serve as a substitute for the beneficial impacts that might result from an active governmental structure

The Objective Benefits of Subjective Well-Being. In Helliwell, J., Layard, R., & Sachs, J., eds. World Happiness Report 2013

The aim of this paper is to survey the “hard” evidence on the effects of subjective well-being. In doing so, we complement the evidence on the determinants of well-being by showing that human well-being also affects outcomes of interest such as health, income, and social behavior. Generally, we observe a dynamic relationship between happiness and other important aspects of our lives, with influence running in both directions. We also discuss the moderating, mediating, and evolutionary dynamics of human well-being

DAAM1 Is a Formin Required for Centrosome Re-Orientation during Cell Migration

BACKGROUND: Disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (DAAM1) is a formin acting downstream of Wnt signaling that is important for planar cell polarity. It has been shown to promote proper cell polarization during embryonic development in both Xenopus and Drosophila. Importantly, DAAM1 binds to Disheveled (Dvl) and thus functions downstream of the Frizzled receptors. Little is known of how DAAM1 is localized and functions in mammalian cells. We investigate here how DAAM1 affects migration and polarization of cultured cells and conclude that it plays a key role in centrosome polarity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using a specific antibody to DAAM1, we find that the protein localizes to the acto-myosin system and co-localizes with ventral myosin IIB-containing actin stress fibers. These fibers are particularly evident in the sub-nuclear region. An N-terminal region of DAAM1 is responsible for this targeting and the DAAM1(1-440) protein can interact with myosin IIB fibers independently of either F-actin or RhoA binding. We also demonstrate that DAAM1 depletion inhibits Golgi reorientation in wound healing assays. Wound-edge cells exhibit multiple protrusions characteristic of unpolarized cell migration. Finally, in U2OS cells lines stably expressing DAAM1, we observe an enhanced myosin IIB stress fiber network which opposes cell migration. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This work highlights the importance of DAAM1 in processes underlying cell polarity and suggests that it acts in part by affecting the function of acto-myosin IIB system. It also emphasizes the importance of the N-terminal half of DAAM1. DAAM1 depletion strongly blocks centrosomal re-polarization, supporting the concept that DAAM1 signaling cooperates with the established Cdc42 associated polarity complex. These findings are also consistent with the observation that ablation of myosin IIB but not myosin IIA results in polarity defects downstream of Wnt signaling. The structure-function analysis of DAAM1 in cultured cells parallels more complex morphological events in the developing embryo