Effect of thermoplastic morphology on mechanical properties in laser-assisted joining of polyamide 6 with aluminum

This paper examined the joining zone between semi-crystalline polyamide 6 and aluminum EN AW 6082 in laser-based joining and evaluated the mechanical properties of the joint. The joint tests were carried out in overlap configuration and a characterized in terms of energy per unit length. The mechanical properties were examined to the point of cohesive failure. An increasing energy per unit length resulted in a reduced crosshead displacement in short-term testing and a decreased fatigue strength. Further material testing was carried out locally at various positions within the joining zone. The mechanical properties were correlated with results of a hardness test, thermoplastic morphology, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). By combining the findings with heat-treated samples at elevated temperatures, secondary crystallization was identified and evidenced as a primary effect among the changes in mechanical properties due to the heat treatment of the thermoplastic material

GLUT1 expression patterns in different Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes and progressively transformed germinal centers

Background: Increased glycolytic activity is a hallmark of cancer, allowing staging and restaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission-tomography (PET). Since interim-PET is an important prognostic tool in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of proteins involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism in the different HL subtypes and their impact on clinical outcome. Methods: Lymph node biopsies from 54 HL cases and reactive lymphoid tissue were stained for glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and lactate exporter proteins MCT1 and MCT4. In a second series, samples from additional 153 HL cases with available clinical data were stained for GLUT1 and LDHA. Results: Membrane bound GLUT1 expression was frequently observed in the tumor cells of HL (49% of all cases) but showed a broad variety between the different Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes: Nodular sclerosing HL subtype displayed a membrane bound GLUT1 expression in the Hodgkin-and Reed-Sternberg cells in 56% of the cases. However, membrane bound GLUT1 expression was more rarely observed in tumor cells of lymphocyte rich classical HL subtype (30%) or nodular lymphocyte predominant HL subtype (15%). Interestingly, in both of these lymphocyte rich HL subtypes as well as in progressively transformed germinal centers, reactive B cells displayed strong expression of GLUT1. LDHA, acting downstream of glycolysis, was also expressed in 44% of all cases. We evaluated the prognostic value of different GLUT1 and LDHA expression patterns; however, no significant differences in progression free or overall survival were found between patients exhibiting different GLUT1 or LDHA expression patterns. There was no correlation between GLUT1 expression in HRS cells and PET standard uptake values. Conclusions: In a large number of cases, HRS cells in classical HL express high levels of GLUT1 and LDHA indicating glycolytic activity in the tumor cells. Although interim-PET is an important prognostic tool, a predictive value of GLUT1 or LDHA staining of the primary diagnostic biopsy could not be demonstrated. However, we observed GLUT1 expression in progressively transformed germinal centers and hyperplastic follicles, explaining false positive results in PET. Therefore, PET findings suggestive of HL relapse should always be confirmed by histology

Welche Chancen bietet die Immunonkologie für ein indikationsübergreifendes Langzeitüberleben?

Tumore nutzen verschiedene Escape-Mechanismen, um das körpereigene Immunsystem zu überlisten und sich gegenüber der Tumor-Immunabwehr durchzusetzen: Die Erkenntnis, dass sie immunregulative Moleküle wie z.B. CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4) oder PD-1 (programmed cell death 1) sowie deren Liganden PD-L1/PD-L2 instrumentalisieren können, um der Immunüberwachung zu entkommen (immune escape), hat einen vollständig neuen Therapiezugang für die Onkologie eröffnet..

Evaluation of the effects of establishing of consalidated groups of taxpayers for Russian groups of companies

One of the most important decisions in the field of tax policy is the possibility of establishing consolidated groups of taxpayers. In this article we consider the ambiguity of influence of establishing such groups on the revenues of budgets of subjects of Russia. Besides we will find out the reasons of this influence

final results of a noninterventional study

Background Data are limited regarding routine use of everolimus after initial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–targeted therapy. The aim of this prospective, noninterventional, observational study was to assess efficacy and safety of everolimus after initial VEGF-targeted treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in routine clinical settings. Methods Everolimus was administered per routine clinical practice. Patients with mRCC of any histology from 116 active sites in Germany were included. The main objective was to determine everolimus efficacy in time to progression (TTP). Progression-free survival (PFS), treatment duration, tumor response, adherence to everolimus regimen, treatment after everolimus, and safety were also assessed. Results In the total population (N = 334), median follow-up was 5.2 months (range, 0–32 months). Median treatment duration (safety population, n = 318) was 6.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5–8 months). Median TTP and median PFS were similar in populations investigated. In patients who received everolimus as second-line treatment (n = 211), median (95% CI) TTP was 7.1 months (5–9 months) and median PFS was 6.9 months (5–9 months). Commonly reported adverse events (safety population, n = 318) were dyspnea (17%), anemia (15%), and fatigue (12%). Limitations of the noninterventional design should be considered. Conclusions This study reflects routine clinical use of everolimus in a large sample of patients with mRCC. Favorable efficacy and safety were seen for everolimus after previous therapy with one VEGF-targeted agent. Results of this study confirm everolimus as one of the standard options in second-line therapy for patients with mRCC. Novartis study code, CRAD001LD27: VFA registry for noninterventional studies (http://www.vfa.de/de/forschung/nisdb/ webcite)

Everolimus in metastatic renal cell carcinoma after failure of initial anti-VEGF therapy: final results of a noninterventional study

Background: Data are limited regarding routine use of everolimus after initial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapy. The aim of this prospective, noninterventional, observational study was to assess efficacy and safety of everolimus after initial VEGF-targeted treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in routine clinical settings. Methods: Everolimus was administered per routine clinical practice. Patients with mRCC of any histology from 116 active sites in Germany were included. The main objective was to determine everolimus efficacy in time to progression (TTP). Progression-free survival (PFS), treatment duration, tumor response, adherence to everolimus regimen, treatment after everolimus, and safety were also assessed. Results: In the total population (N = 334),median follow-up was 5.2 months (range, 0-32 months). Median treatment duration (safety population, n = 318) was 6.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5-8 months). Median TTP and median PFS were similar in populations investigated. In patients who received everolimus as second-line treatment (n = 211),median (95% CI) TTP was 7.1 months (5-9 months) and median PFS was 6.9 months (5-9 months). Commonly reported adverse events (safety population, n = 318) were dyspnea (17%),anemia (15%), and fatigue (12%). Limitations of the noninterventional design should be considered. Conclusions: This study reflects routine clinical use of everolimus in a large sample of patients with mRCC. Favorable efficacy and safety were seen for everolimus after previous therapy with one VEGF-targeted agent. Results of this study confirm everolimus as one of the standard options in second-line therapy for patients with mRCC

Электроснабжение Международного аэропорта Сабетты, ЯНАО

В процессе выполнения выпускной квалификационной работы была спроектирована система электроснабжения здания ангара и предприятия в целом. При расчете использовался метод коэффициента расчетной мощности и метод коэффициента мощности. Были рассмотрены вопросы ресурсоэффективности и социальной ответственности проектируемой системы. Основные конструктивные, технологические и эксплуатационные характеристики: предприятие включает четырнадцать зданий 1 и 2 категорий, напряжение питающей линии -35 кВ, напряжение внутризаводской сети – 10 кВ, напряжение зданий – 0.4 кВIn the course of the final qualifying work, the power supply system of the hangar building and the enterprise as a whole was designed. In the calculation we used the method of ratio calculation method of power and power factor. The issues of resource efficiency and social responsibility of the designed system were considered. The basic constructive, technological and operating characteristics: the company includes fourteen buildings 1 and 2 categories, the line voltage of -35 kV, the voltage of the in-plant network of 10 kV, voltage-buildings – 0.4 k

Addressing the dichotomy between individual and societal approaches to personalised medicine in oncology

Academic, industry, regulatory leaders and patient advocates in cancer clinical research met in November 2018 at the Innovation and Biomarkers in Cancer Drug Development meeting in Brussels to address the existing dichotomy between increasing calls for personalised oncology approaches based on individual molecular profiles and the need to make resource and regulatory decisions at the societal level in differing health-care delivery systems around the globe. Novel clinical trial designs, the utility and limitations of real-world evidence (RWE) and emerging technologies for profiling patient tumours and tumour-derived DNA in plasma were discussed. While randomised clinical trials remain the gold standard approach to defining clinical utility of local and systemic therapeutic interventions, the broader adoption of comprehensive tumour profiling and novel trial designs coupled with RWE may allow patient and physician autonomy to be appropriately balanced with broader assessments of safety and overall societal benefit. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd

Everolimus in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma after Failure of Initial Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (VEGFr-TKI) Therapy: Results of an Interim Analysis of a Non-Interventional Study

Background: Everolimus is approved for treatment of anti-vascularendothelial growth factor (VEGF)-refractory patients with metastaticrenal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Clinical trials rarely mirror treatmentreality. Thus, a broader evaluation of everolimus is valuable forroutine use. Patients and Methods: A German multicenternon-interventional study documented mRCC patients starting everolimusafter failure of initial VEGF-targeted therapy. Primary endpoint waseffectiveness, defined as time to progression (TIP) according toinvestigator assessment (time from first dose to progression). Results:Of 382 documented patients, 196 were included in this interim analysis