An Analysis of Anger in Adolescent Girls Who Practice the Martial Arts

The effect of martial arts on adolescents' behavior, especially aggression, is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess and compare anger ratings among adolescent girl athletes of different martial arts. 291 female adolescents between the ages of 11 and 19 were assessed according to the Adolescent Anger Rating Scale designed by DM Burney. In the case group, the martial arts practiced were either judo (n = 70) or karate (n = 66), while the control group was composed of swimmers (n = 59) and nonathletes (n = 96). Total anger scores showed statistically significant differences between the groups (P = 0.001) decreasing from girls who practiced judo to nonathletes, karate, and swimmers. Instrumental and reactive anger subscales also showed significant differences between the groups, but this difference was not found for anger control. As a conclusion, the anger rate did not differ between judoka and nonathletes, but that both of these groups received higher scores in total anger than karateka and swimmers

PRIMJENA STOHASTIČKOGA MODELA NA ODLAGALIŠTU JALOVINE KAO POTPORA DUGOROČNOJ PROIZVODNJI U OTVORENOME KOPU S CILJEM POVEĆANJA POSTOTKA RUDE U OBRADBI

This paper presents a chance-constrained integer programming approach based on the linear method to solve the longterm open pit mine production scheduling problem. Specifically, a single stockpile has been addressed for storing excess low-grade material based on the availability of processing capacity and for possible future processing. The proposed scheduling model maximizes the project NPV while respecting a series of physical and economic constraints. Differently from common practice, where deterministic models are used to calculate the average grade for material in the stockpiles, in this work a stochastic approach was performed, starting from the time of planning before the stockpile realization. By performing a probability analysis on two case studies (on iron and gold deposits), it was proven that the stockpile attributes can be treated as normally distributed random variables. Afterwards, the stochastic programming model was formulated in an open pit gold mine in order to determine the optimum amount of ore dispatched from different bench levels in the open pit and at the same time a low-grade stockpile to the mill. The chance-constrained programming was finally applied to obtain the equivalent deterministic solution of the primary model. The obtained results have shown a better feed grade for the processing plant with a higher NPV and probability of grade blending constraint satisfaction, with respect to using the traditional stockpile deterministic model.Rad prikazuje uporabu vjerojatnosnoga cjelobrojnog programiranja, temeljenoga na linearnome algoritmu, za dugoročno rješavanje proizvodnje u rudniku otvorenoga kopa. Obrađeno je jedno odlagalište jalovine sa „siromašnom” koncentracijom rude u cilju aktiviranja toga materijala u budućoj preradbi korisne sirovine. Takav projekt maksimizira trenutačnu vrijednost rudarenja uzimajući u obzir niz fizičkih i ekonomskih varijabli. Posebnost u odnosu na determinističke modele koji se danas uglavnom koriste za izračun granične prosječne vrijednosti koncentracije rude prije odlaganja kao jalovine izražena je stohastikom. Ona je uključila vjerojatnosnu analizu dvaju slučajeva, tj. za ležište željeza i zlata. U obama je dokazano kako se varijable određene na odlagalištu mogu opisati normalnom razdiobom. Stohastički model programiran je za rudnik zlata te je uzeta u obzir optimalna vrijednost rude razvrstane na različitim rudničkim razinama, a prije slanja na obradbu (mljevenje). Optimizirani model zatim je primijenjen za dobivanje usporednoga determinističkog modela. Rezultati su upozorili na to da je konačno rješenje pokazalo znatno bolji odabir granične koncentracije rude koja se mogla poslati na daljnju obradbu. Time je uvećana i ukupna vrijednost rudnika/ležišta

A review of challenges and opportunities associated with bolted flange connections in the offshore wind industry

The use of bolted flange connections in the offshore wind industry has steeply risen in the last few years. This trend is because of failings observed in other modes of joints such as grouted joints, coupled with enormous economic losses associated with such failures. As many aspects of bolted flange connections for the offshore wind industry are yet to be understood in full, the current study undertakes a comprehensive review of the lessons learned about bolted connections from a range of industries such as nuclear, aerospace, and onshore wind for application in offshore wind industry. Subsequently, the collected information could be used to effectively address and investigate ways to improve bolted flange connections in the offshore wind industry. As monopiles constitute an overwhelming majority of foundation types used in the current offshore wind market, this work focusses on large diameter flanges in the primary load path of a wind turbine foundation, such as those typically found at the base of turbine towers, or at monopile to transition piece connections. Finally, a summary of issues associated with flanges as well as bolted connections is provided, and insights are recommended on the direction to be followed to address these concerns

RUSSIAN FEDERATION GEO-ECONOMIC IMPACT AND POLITICAL RELATIONSHIP IN SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION AND ITS INFLUENCE IN THE ENERGY MARKET

This study is in regards to Russia Geo-economic interest and influence in Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the importance of SCO as a sufficient Eurasian organization’s leadership in energy market and the prospective of Russia to affect the energy market and energy reserve as a major authority within the organization

Phased array ultrasonic method for robotic preload measurement in offshore wind turbine bolted connections

This paper presents a novel approach for preload measurement of bolted connections, specifically tailored for offshore wind applications. The proposed method combines robotics, Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT), nonlinear acoustoelasticity, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Acceptable defects, below a pre-defined size, are shown to have an impact on preload measurement, and therefore conducting simultaneous defect detection and preload measurement is discussed in this paper. The study demonstrates that even slight changes in the orientation of the ultrasonic transducer, the non-automated approach, can introduce a significant error of up to 140 MPa in bolt stress measurement and therefore a robotic approach is employed to achieve consistent and accurate measurements. Additionally, the study emphasises the significance of considering average preload for comparison with ultrasonic data, which is achieved through FEA simulations. The advantages of the proposed robotic PAUT method over single-element approaches are discussed, including the incorporation of nonlinearity, simultaneous defect detection and stress measurement, hardware and software adaptability, and notably, a substantial improvement in measurement accuracy. Based on the findings, the paper strongly recommends the adoption of the robotic PAUT approach for preload measurement, whilst acknowledging the required investment in hardware, software, and skilled personnel

The assessment of Qazvin Dental School students’ interest in their field of study and the educational environment (2016-17)

Background: Interest and motivation toward field of study is necessary for success in that field and educational environment is an effective factor on this interest. Objective: The aim of present study was to assess Qazvin Dental School students’ interest in their field of study and its relationships with the educational environment. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive trial study, 96 students with the entering years of 2010- 2013 were selected by the census sampling method in the Qazvin Dental School and assessed by questionnaire that validity and reliability confirmed in previous studies. Demographic data, interests toward field of study and factor of education environments were determined and reported by frequency and percent indices. Scores of 0-4 were assigned to answers of the participants. The effects of the parameters on the interest and education environments scores were analyzed by the regression analysis. Findings: Among students, 56.4% were interested in their field of study. Also, 56.4% believed that most of the member of staff used new methods in their educational program. 86.1% of students considered their participation on the educational decision-makings regarding their own status less. The parameters of gender (P<0.023) and native or non-native of the students (P<0.012) had significant effects on the students’ attitudes towards educations environment. Conclusion: Totally Qazvin Dental Students were interested in their field of study and educational environment of the school had its own advantages in different areas. However, in some areas some revisions must be done

Anger in Adolescent Boy Athletes: a Comparison among Judo, Karate, Swimming and Non Athletes

Objective: Karate and judo are originally Japanese martial arts which may have different influences on adolescents’ behavior. This study was conducted to examine the total anger rate and its subscale-reactive anger, instrumental anger, and anger control-rates in young karateka and judoka. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 11 to 19-year old boys. Adolescents included in the study were judoka (n=70), karateka (n=66), swimmers (n=59), and non athletes (n=96). One stage cluster sampling method was used to select judoka, karateka, and swimmers from sport clubs in Tehran. Students of governmental schools at the same area were chosen as the non-athletes group. The “Adolescent Anger Rating Scale” questionnaire was utilized to assess the anger rate. Findings: The mean age of participants was 12.90(±2.06) years. The total anger rates were 45.40 (±5.61) in judoka, 41.53(±5.63) in karateka, 41.19(±5.33) in swimmers, and 45.44 (±8.58) in non athletes. In total anger scale karateka and swimmers had a significantly lower score compared to judoka and non athletes. In instrumental anger subscale the difference was significant just between karateka and non athletes. In reactive anger subscale judoka showed higher scores than swimmers. In anger control subscale the difference was significant between judoka and swimmers and also judoka and karateka. The difference of anger control between karateka and non athletes was significant. Conclusion: The findings of this study propose a difference in the anger rate between judoka and karateka. In contrary to the results of previous studies, judo training may have no influence on anger control, while karate training could be beneficial

Assessment of mechanical and fatigue crack growth properties of wire + arc additively manufactured mild steel components

A study has been conducted to evaluate the mechanical and fatigue crack propagation properties of wire + arc additively manufactured ER70S-6 components. A parallel-built deposition strategy was employed to fabricate the additively manufactured wall. The hardness values were slightly higher at the bottom and top of the wall due to the presence of Widmanstätten ferrite and carbides. The characterization of mechanical properties in both orientations; parallel and perpendicular to the deposition direction showed a marginal difference in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. The crack growth rates were correlated with linear elastic fracture mechanics parameter ΔK and compared with an oscillation-built deposition strategy from the literature. The crack growth rates of both deposition strategies were found to be very similar to each other. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the variability in the crack growth histories can be reasonably well captured by using the NASGRO crack growth equation

Red blood cells consumption: an optimization method

Optimal red blood cells (RBCs)consumption management as an invaluable product can contribute noticeably to communities' healthcare. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to help the medical community and the human community in providing fast and timely blood products at the lowest cost. Blood products' life are taken into account since ordering policies are depended on the time of inventory. For each hospital, a new decision is made for RBCs production for the whole day. The decision-making process is repeated the next day with respect to the inventory status. Markov decision-making process is used as a decision-making tool for blood inventory problem. We used MATLAB 2016b software to solve the Markov decision-making for RBCs with sequential approximation algorithm. Real-life data are used to investigate the model. Obtained results after 278256 iterations show that 13.19%, 45.13% and 41.68% of costs are related to (LIFO-FIFO), (LIFO-LIFO)and (FIFO-FIFO)policies, respectively. By analyzing the different types of costs and comparing the policies, it is believed that (LIFO-LIFO)policy is better than other two policies and cumulated costs in this policy is lower than other ones in long time