The effect of direct and indirect education on attitudes of parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder towards medication treatments

Background and aims: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood behavioral disorders causing hyperactivity, attention deficit and education decline among children. Regarding the importance of medication treatment, this study was performed to compare the effect of two methods (Direct and Indirect) of education of parents of children with ADHD on their attitudes about medication, treatment satisfaction and medication compliance. Methods: In this clinical trial study, eighty parents of children with ADHD, referred to child psychiatry clinic in Shahrekord were randomly assigned to direct and indirect education groups. The first group (direct education) was attended in groups four sessions. The second group was given education booklet with the same content. Participants were evaluated before and one month after education in terms of their attitudes to medication, treatment satisfaction and treatment compliance. Results: 61 parents of 81 participants continued the study. After intervention, the mean scores of attitudes about medication and satisfaction with treatment were significantly improved in the direct education group (P0.05). Both groups had significantly increased treatment compliance one month after education (P<0.001). Change of mean score attitudes to medication consumption at the end of the periods was significantly different in direct group compared to indirect education group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Direct education was more effective than indirect education on improvement of attitudes towards medication and increase in treatment satisfaction, and both methods resulted in increased medication compliance. Regarding the importance of medication treatment in this disorder, using results of this study can have significant influence on function of children with this disorder in family and school environment

Blood pressure of children of rural areas regarding height percentile, Shahrekord, 2000

فشار خون براساس سن، قد و وزن متغیر است و لذا برای تفسیر آن نیاز به استاندارد قابل قبول در جامعه می باشد که این استانداردها نیز براساس نژاد و نوع رژیم غذایی متفاوت است. این مطالعه به منظور تعیین جدول فشار خون 95-90 پرسنتایل براساس منحنی صدک قد کودکان 12-7 سال کودکان روستایی شهرستان شهرکرد انجام شد. قد، فشار خون سیستولیک و دیاستولیک 2000 کودک 12-7 سال روستایی اندازه گیری شد. کودکان به دو گروه جنسی مذکر و مونث تقسیم شدند و هرکدام در 6 گروه سنی (7، 8، 9، 10، 11، 12) قرار گرفتند، سپس میانگین قد و فشار خون کودکان مورد مطالعه استخراج و با استفاده از آزمون آماری X² رابطه فشار خون سیستولیک و دیاستولیک با متغیرهای مورد مطالعه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که: 1) فشار خون سیستولیک و دیاستولیک با افزایش قد افزایش می یابد، 2) فشار سیستولی و دیاستولی در سنین 7، 8 و 9 در دختران کمتر از پسرها بود، 3) فشار خون سیستولی و دیاستولی در سنین 10، 11 و 12 در دختران بیشتر از پسرها بود، 4) فشار سیستولی و دیاستولی در کودکان مورد مطالعه ما کمتر از گروه استاندارد (Task force) بود. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد فشار خون سیستولی و دیاستولی در کودکان جامعه ما کمتر از کودکان غربی است لذا توصیه می شود که استانداردهای فشار خون در کودکان ایرانی نیز مشخص گردد

Epilepsy caused by head trauma among persons wounded in the war, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, 2001

Abstract: One of the common problems of war is head trauma. This complication is usually accompanied by early and late seizures. Type of epilepsy, site of injury, importance of surgery as a preventive measure and prophylactic medication were evaluated in a sample of 50 disabled persons of the war having head trauma and post-traumatic seizures. Data was collected from their medical documents and by interview and medical examination. Our results showed that 86% of the patients had late seizures and 14% had early seizures. 60% of them had convulsions during the first year after trauma. The location of trauma in 73.5% was in temporal or temporoparietal region. 90% of the cases had tonic-clonic seizures and the rest had focal seizures. Prophylactic medication had only affected the early seizures. Surgical prophylaxes were not effective in reducing seizures frequency and patients need having antiepileptic drugs for a long perio

Comparing the Growth Pattern of the First 5-Year Life in Children with Congenital Hypothyroidism in Yazd According to Growth Pattern of Normal Children of World Health Organization in 2014: A Cohort Study

Abstract Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism is regarded as one of the major preventable and treatable causes of physical disorders. Therefore, the present study aimed to study the growth pattern of first 5-year life in children with congenital hypothyroidism in Yazd according to growth pattern of healthy children of World Health Organization (WHO). Methods: This descriptive retrospective cohort study was performed on all the infants born within 2006- 2008, that had been diagnosed as a patient by a screening program. After taking inclusion and exclusion criteria into account, growth pattern of the infants' height, weight and head circumference within first 5-year of life was compared to that of normal children of WHO in terms of age and sex in 3,15,50,85, 97 percentiles. Results: The study results revealed that pattern growth of height, weight and head circumference within girl patients was developed parallel with the growth pattern of healthy girls of WHO. Within the boys, linear pattern growth after 36 months, weight growth after 9 months and head circumference growth at 24 months was similar to the growth pattern of healthy boys of WHO. Conclusions: The growth pattern in children with congenital hypothyroidism will develop towards normal growth pattern after treatment and medical care continuation