4 research outputs found

    Case Report: Successful Lung Transplantation from a Donor Seropositive for Trypanosoma cruzi Infection (Chagas Disease) to a Seronegative Recipient

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    Lung transplantation; Seropositive donor; Trypanosoma cruziTrasplantament de pulm贸; Donant seropositiu; Trypanosoma cruziTrasplante de pulm贸n; Donante seropositivo; Trypanosoma cruziThe increasing shortage of organs for transplantation has prompted transplant programs to investigate the use of extended criteria donors, such as those with transmissible infectious diseases. Successful cases of organ transplantation (mostly kidney and liver) from Trypanosoma cruzi seropositive donors to seronegative recipients have been reported. We present a case of lung transplantation from a donor serologically positive for Chagas disease to a seronegative recipient, and provide a review of the literature. Left single lung transplantation was performed in a 44-year-old Spanish woman presenting with interstitial lung disease in February 2016. The deceased donor was a Colombian immigrant living in Spain who was serologically positive for Chagas disease. Oral administration of 5 mg/kg/day benznidazole divided in three doses for 60 days was given for specific Chagas disease prophylaxis after transplantation. Periodic follow-up with serological reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect T. cruzi DNA were performed until 6 months after the end of treatment. All results were negative, indicating that transmission of T. cruzi had not occurred. In a review of the literature, two similar cases were identified in Argentina and the United States. In both cases T. cruzi infection was detected posttransplant in the recipients, after which they were treated with benznidazole. The course of the patient described herein confirms that lungs from donors with chronic T. cruzi infection can be used successfully as allografts, and that posttransplant prophylaxis with benznidazole may reduce the probability of transmission of T. cruzi to the recipient

    Avances en las enfermedades infecciosas del trasplante de 贸rgano s贸lido

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    El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es evaluar los efectos directos que causan las infecciones bacterianas dif铆ciles de tratar y la modulaci贸n de la respuesta inmune causada por las infecciones virales en los receptores de trasplante de 贸rgano s贸lido. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se han realizado tres estudios, el primero de los cuales part铆a de la hip贸tesis de que el rechazo mediado por anticuerpos o su tratamiento favorece la replicaci贸n posterior de citomegalovirus (CMV) y del virus BK en los receptores de trasplante renal. En este sentido, se llev贸 a cabo un estudio retrospectivo caso-control en el Hospital Universitario Vall d鈥橦ebron. Los trasplantados renales adultos diagnosticados de rechazo mediado por anticuerpos durante los a帽os 2007-2015 fueron seleccionados como casos (58). Los receptores del trasplante previo y posterior, fueron seleccionados como controles (118 controles). La replicaci贸n por CMV fue significativamente m谩s frecuente en los casos (9/58, 15,5%) que en los controles (7/116, 6%) (OR 4,21; intervalo de confianza (IC) 95% 1,10-16,16). En el estudio multivariado de regresi贸n log铆stica condicional, tras ajustar por las variables estad铆sticamente significativas, se objetiv贸 una OR mayor de replicaci贸n de CMV en los casos que en los controles (2,41), pero sin una diferencia estad铆sticamente significativa (IC 95% 0,49-11,73, p=0,28). Por tanto, la conclusi贸n es que el rechazo mediado por anticuerpos en los receptores de trasplante renal parece aumentar el riesgo posterior de replicaci贸n de CMV, pero no del virus BK. La hip贸tesis del segundo estudio era que las infecciones causadas por virus respiratorios en los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n se asocian a disfunci贸n cr贸nica del injerto (DCI). Para analizar esta cuesti贸n, se realiz贸 un seguimiento prolongado de una cohorte prospectiva de 98 trasplantados de pulm贸n. En esta cohorte de pacientes, se realiz贸 de forma sistem谩tica detecci贸n de virus respiratorios a trav茅s de frotis nasofar铆ngeos. Treinta y ocho (38,8%) pacientes fueron diagnosticados de DCI tras 20,4 meses de mediana (rango intercuart铆lico 12-30,4). En un an谩lisis multivariado de Cox tiempo-dependiente, la infecci贸n de tracto respiratorio inferior por virus respiratorios (HR 3,00, IC 1,52-5,91; p=0,002), la neumonitis por CMV (HR 3,76, IC 1,23-11,49; p=0,02) y el rechazo agudo (HR 2,97, IC 1,51-5,83; p=0,002) fueron los factores de riesgo independientes asociados al desarrollo de DCI. Por lo que se objetiv贸 que la infecci贸n de v铆as respiratorias bajas por virus respiratorios es un factor de riesgo independiente de DCI. Finalmente, el tercer estudio consisti贸 en describir las caracter铆sticas cl铆nicas y la evoluci贸n de los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n que presentaban un aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. A tal efecto, se realiz贸 un an谩lisis retrospectivo de los receptores de trasplante pulmonar que presentaron aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. entre 2014-2016. De 527 pacientes, 24 (4,6%) presentaron aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. Las especies m谩s frecuentes fueron C. striatum 11/24, C. pseudodiphtheriticum 3/24 y C. amycolatum 3/24. En todos los pacientes que se realiz贸 una broncoscopia (19/24) se objetivaron alteraciones: placas mucosas en la sutura bronquial (10/19) y secreciones purulentas (9/19). Se consigui贸 la curaci贸n cl铆nica de 8/12 (67%) pacientes diagnosticados de traqueobronquitis. Los pacientes portadores de una pr贸tesis bronquial presentaron con mayor frecuencia aislamiento de Corynebacterium spp. (6/21, 29%) que el resto de pacientes (18/506, 4%, p<0,001). Adem谩s, la persistencia de la infecci贸n se asoci贸 a la presencia de estas pr贸tesis de forma significativa (4/4 respecto a 2/14, p=0,005). De ello se desprende que el aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. en los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n se asocia a infecci贸n respiratoria y a afectaci贸n de la sutura bronquial. La implantaci贸n de pr贸tesis bronquiales en estos pacientes es un factor de riesgo para la presencia y persistencia de Corynebacterium spp.The objective of this doctoral thesis is to evaluate the direct effects caused by difficult-to-treat bacterial infections and the modulation of the immune response caused by viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Three studies have been carried out for this purpose. The first study was based on the hypothesis that antibody-mediated rejection or its treatment predisposes the subsequent cytomegalovirus (CMV) and BK virus replication in kidney transplant recipients. A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Vall d鈥橦ebron University Hospital. Adult renal transplant recipients diagnosed with antibody-mediated rejection during the years 2007-2015 were selected as cases (58). Previous and subsequent transplant recipients were selected as controls (118 controls). CMV replication was significantly more frequent in cases (9/58, 15.5%) than in controls (7/116, 6%) (OR 4.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-16.16). In the conditional logistic regression multivariate analysis, after adjusting for statistically significant variables, a higher OR of CMV replication was observed in cases than in controls (2.41), but without a statistically significant difference (95% CI 0.49-11.73, p=0.28). Therefore, the conclusion is that antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients may increase the subsequent risk of CMV but for BK virus replication. The second study was based on the hypothesis that infections caused by respiratory viruses in lung transplant recipients are associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). To study this hypothesis, we performed a prospective cohort study of 98 lung transplant recipients with a prolonged follow-up period. In this cohort of patients, respiratory viruses were systematically detected through nasopharyngeal smears. Thirty-eight (38.8%) patients were diagnosed with CLAD after a median time of 20.4 months (interquartile range 12-30.4). In a time-controlled multivariate Cox analysis, lower respiratory tract infection by respiratory viruses (HR 3.00, CI 1.52-5.91; p=0.002), CMV pneumonitis (HR 3.76, CI 1.23-11.49; p=0.02) and acute rejection (HR 2.97, CI 1.51-5.83; p=0.002) were independent risk factors associated with developing CLAD. In conclusion, lower respiratory tract infections by respiratory viruses are an independent risk factor associated with developing CLAD. Finally, the objective of the third study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of lung transplant recipients with respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. We performed a retrospective analysis of lung transplant recipients who presented respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. between 2014-2016. Of 527 patients, 24 (4.6%) presented respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. The most frequent species were C. striatum 11/24, C. pseudodiphtheriticum 3/24 and C. amycolatum 3/24. In all patients who underwent bronchoscopy (19/24), abnormalities were observed: mucosal plaques at the bronchial suture (10/19) and purulent secretions (9/19). Clinical cure was achieved in 8/12 (67%) patients diagnosed with tracheobronchitis. Patients with a bronchial stent presented more frequently isolation of Corynebacterium spp. (6/21, 29%) than the rest of patients (18/506, 4%, p <0.001). In addition, the persistence of infection was significantly associated with the presence of bronchial stents (4/4 with respect to 2/14, p = 0.005). In conclusion, the isolation of Corynebacterium spp. in respiratory specimens of lung transplant recipients is associated with respiratory infection and bronchial suture damage. Bronchial stent implantation is a risk factor for the presence and persistence of Corynebacterium spp

    Avances en las enfermedades infecciosas del trasplante de 贸rgano s贸lido

    No full text
    El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es evaluar los efectos directos que causan las infecciones bacterianas dif铆ciles de tratar y la modulaci贸n de la respuesta inmune causada por las infecciones virales en los receptores de trasplante de 贸rgano s贸lido. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se han realizado tres estudios, el primero de los cuales part铆a de la hip贸tesis de que el rechazo mediado por anticuerpos o su tratamiento favorece la replicaci贸n posterior de citomegalovirus (CMV) y del virus BK en los receptores de trasplante renal. En este sentido, se llev贸 a cabo un estudio retrospectivo caso-control en el Hospital Universitario Vall d鈥橦ebron. Los trasplantados renales adultos diagnosticados de rechazo mediado por anticuerpos durante los a帽os 2007-2015 fueron seleccionados como casos (58). Los receptores del trasplante previo y posterior, fueron seleccionados como controles (118 controles). La replicaci贸n por CMV fue significativamente m谩s frecuente en los casos (9/58, 15,5%) que en los controles (7/116, 6%) (OR 4,21; intervalo de confianza (IC) 95% 1,10-16,16). En el estudio multivariado de regresi贸n log铆stica condicional, tras ajustar por las variables estad铆sticamente significativas, se objetiv贸 una OR mayor de replicaci贸n de CMV en los casos que en los controles (2,41), pero sin una diferencia estad铆sticamente significativa (IC 95% 0,49-11,73, p=0,28). Por tanto, la conclusi贸n es que el rechazo mediado por anticuerpos en los receptores de trasplante renal parece aumentar el riesgo posterior de replicaci贸n de CMV, pero no del virus BK. La hip贸tesis del segundo estudio era que las infecciones causadas por virus respiratorios en los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n se asocian a disfunci贸n cr贸nica del injerto (DCI). Para analizar esta cuesti贸n, se realiz贸 un seguimiento prolongado de una cohorte prospectiva de 98 trasplantados de pulm贸n. En esta cohorte de pacientes, se realiz贸 de forma sistem谩tica detecci贸n de virus respiratorios a trav茅s de frotis nasofar铆ngeos. Treinta y ocho (38,8%) pacientes fueron diagnosticados de DCI tras 20,4 meses de mediana (rango intercuart铆lico 12-30,4). En un an谩lisis multivariado de Cox tiempo-dependiente, la infecci贸n de tracto respiratorio inferior por virus respiratorios (HR 3,00, IC 1,52-5,91; p=0,002), la neumonitis por CMV (HR 3,76, IC 1,23-11,49; p=0,02) y el rechazo agudo (HR 2,97, IC 1,51-5,83; p=0,002) fueron los factores de riesgo independientes asociados al desarrollo de DCI. Por lo que se objetiv贸 que la infecci贸n de v铆as respiratorias bajas por virus respiratorios es un factor de riesgo independiente de DCI. Finalmente, el tercer estudio consisti贸 en describir las caracter铆sticas cl铆nicas y la evoluci贸n de los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n que presentaban un aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. A tal efecto, se realiz贸 un an谩lisis retrospectivo de los receptores de trasplante pulmonar que presentaron aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. entre 2014-2016. De 527 pacientes, 24 (4,6%) presentaron aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. Las especies m谩s frecuentes fueron C. striatum 11/24, C. pseudodiphtheriticum 3/24 y C. amycolatum 3/24. En todos los pacientes que se realiz贸 una broncoscopia (19/24) se objetivaron alteraciones: placas mucosas en la sutura bronquial (10/19) y secreciones purulentas (9/19). Se consigui贸 la curaci贸n cl铆nica de 8/12 (67%) pacientes diagnosticados de traqueobronquitis. Los pacientes portadores de una pr贸tesis bronquial presentaron con mayor frecuencia aislamiento de Corynebacterium spp. (6/21, 29%) que el resto de pacientes (18/506, 4%, p<0,001). Adem谩s, la persistencia de la infecci贸n se asoci贸 a la presencia de estas pr贸tesis de forma significativa (4/4 respecto a 2/14, p=0,005). De ello se desprende que el aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. en los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n se asocia a infecci贸n respiratoria y a afectaci贸n de la sutura bronquial. La implantaci贸n de pr贸tesis bronquiales en estos pacientes es un factor de riesgo para la presencia y persistencia de Corynebacterium spp.The objective of this doctoral thesis is to evaluate the direct effects caused by difficult-to-treat bacterial infections and the modulation of the immune response caused by viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Three studies have been carried out for this purpose. The first study was based on the hypothesis that antibody-mediated rejection or its treatment predisposes the subsequent cytomegalovirus (CMV) and BK virus replication in kidney transplant recipients. A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Vall d鈥橦ebron University Hospital. Adult renal transplant recipients diagnosed with antibody-mediated rejection during the years 2007-2015 were selected as cases (58). Previous and subsequent transplant recipients were selected as controls (118 controls). CMV replication was significantly more frequent in cases (9/58, 15.5%) than in controls (7/116, 6%) (OR 4.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-16.16). In the conditional logistic regression multivariate analysis, after adjusting for statistically significant variables, a higher OR of CMV replication was observed in cases than in controls (2.41), but without a statistically significant difference (95% CI 0.49-11.73, p=0.28). Therefore, the conclusion is that antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients may increase the subsequent risk of CMV but for BK virus replication. The second study was based on the hypothesis that infections caused by respiratory viruses in lung transplant recipients are associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). To study this hypothesis, we performed a prospective cohort study of 98 lung transplant recipients with a prolonged follow-up period. In this cohort of patients, respiratory viruses were systematically detected through nasopharyngeal smears. Thirty-eight (38.8%) patients were diagnosed with CLAD after a median time of 20.4 months (interquartile range 12-30.4). In a time-controlled multivariate Cox analysis, lower respiratory tract infection by respiratory viruses (HR 3.00, CI 1.52-5.91; p=0.002), CMV pneumonitis (HR 3.76, CI 1.23-11.49; p=0.02) and acute rejection (HR 2.97, CI 1.51-5.83; p=0.002) were independent risk factors associated with developing CLAD. In conclusion, lower respiratory tract infections by respiratory viruses are an independent risk factor associated with developing CLAD. Finally, the objective of the third study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of lung transplant recipients with respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. We performed a retrospective analysis of lung transplant recipients who presented respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. between 2014-2016. Of 527 patients, 24 (4.6%) presented respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. The most frequent species were C. striatum 11/24, C. pseudodiphtheriticum 3/24 and C. amycolatum 3/24. In all patients who underwent bronchoscopy (19/24), abnormalities were observed: mucosal plaques at the bronchial suture (10/19) and purulent secretions (9/19). Clinical cure was achieved in 8/12 (67%) patients diagnosed with tracheobronchitis. Patients with a bronchial stent presented more frequently isolation of Corynebacterium spp. (6/21, 29%) than the rest of patients (18/506, 4%, p <0.001). In addition, the persistence of infection was significantly associated with the presence of bronchial stents (4/4 with respect to 2/14, p = 0.005). In conclusion, the isolation of Corynebacterium spp. in respiratory specimens of lung transplant recipients is associated with respiratory infection and bronchial suture damage. Bronchial stent implantation is a risk factor for the presence and persistence of Corynebacterium spp

    Avances en las enfermedades infecciosas del trasplante de 贸rgano s贸lido /

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    Departament responsable de la tesi: Departament de Medicina.El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es evaluar los efectos directos que causan las infecciones bacterianas dif铆ciles de tratar y la modulaci贸n de la respuesta inmune causada por las infecciones virales en los receptores de trasplante de 贸rgano s贸lido. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se han realizado tres estudios, el primero de los cuales part铆a de la hip贸tesis de que el rechazo mediado por anticuerpos o su tratamiento favorece la replicaci贸n posterior de citomegalovirus (CMV) y del virus BK en los receptores de trasplante renal. En este sentido, se llev贸 a cabo un estudio retrospectivo caso-control en el Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron. Los trasplantados renales adultos diagnosticados de rechazo mediado por anticuerpos durante los a帽os 2007-2015 fueron seleccionados como casos (58). Los receptores del trasplante previo y posterior, fueron seleccionados como controles (118 controles). La replicaci贸n por CMV fue significativamente m谩s frecuente en los casos (9/58, 15,5%) que en los controles (7/116, 6%) (OR 4,21; intervalo de confianza (IC) 95% 1,10-16,16). En el estudio multivariado de regresi贸n log铆stica condicional, tras ajustar por las variables estad铆sticamente significativas, se objetiv贸 una OR mayor de replicaci贸n de CMV en los casos que en los controles (2,41), pero sin una diferencia estad铆sticamente significativa (IC 95% 0,49-11,73, p=0,28). Por tanto, la conclusi贸n es que el rechazo mediado por anticuerpos en los receptores de trasplante renal parece aumentar el riesgo posterior de replicaci贸n de CMV, pero no del virus BK. La hip贸tesis del segundo estudio era que las infecciones causadas por virus respiratorios en los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n se asocian a disfunci贸n cr贸nica del injerto (DCI). Para analizar esta cuesti贸n, se realiz贸 un seguimiento prolongado de una cohorte prospectiva de 98 trasplantados de pulm贸n. En esta cohorte de pacientes, se realiz贸 de forma sistem谩tica detecci贸n de virus respiratorios a trav茅s de frotis nasofar铆ngeos. Treinta y ocho (38,8%) pacientes fueron diagnosticados de DCI tras 20,4 meses de mediana (rango intercuart铆lico 12-30,4). En un an谩lisis multivariado de Cox tiempo-dependiente, la infecci贸n de tracto respiratorio inferior por virus respiratorios (HR 3,00, IC 1,52-5,91; p=0,002), la neumonitis por CMV (HR 3,76, IC 1,23-11,49; p=0,02) y el rechazo agudo (HR 2,97, IC 1,51-5,83; p=0,002) fueron los factores de riesgo independientes asociados al desarrollo de DCI. Por lo que se objetiv贸 que la infecci贸n de v铆as respiratorias bajas por virus respiratorios es un factor de riesgo independiente de DCI. Finalmente, el tercer estudio consisti贸 en describir las caracter铆sticas cl铆nicas y la evoluci贸n de los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n que presentaban un aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. A tal efecto, se realiz贸 un an谩lisis retrospectivo de los receptores de trasplante pulmonar que presentaron aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. entre 2014-2016. De 527 pacientes, 24 (4,6%) presentaron aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. Las especies m谩s frecuentes fueron C. striatum 11/24, C. pseudodiphtheriticum 3/24 y C. amycolatum 3/24. En todos los pacientes que se realiz贸 una broncoscopia (19/24) se objetivaron alteraciones: placas mucosas en la sutura bronquial (10/19) y secreciones purulentas (9/19). Se consigui贸 la curaci贸n cl铆nica de 8/12 (67%) pacientes diagnosticados de traqueobronquitis. Los pacientes portadores de una pr贸tesis bronquial presentaron con mayor frecuencia aislamiento de Corynebacterium spp. (6/21, 29%) que el resto de pacientes (18/506, 4%, p<0,001). Adem谩s, la persistencia de la infecci贸n se asoci贸 a la presencia de estas pr贸tesis de forma significativa (4/4 respecto a 2/14, p=0,005). De ello se desprende que el aislamiento respiratorio de Corynebacterium spp. en los receptores de trasplante de pulm贸n se asocia a infecci贸n respiratoria y a afectaci贸n de la sutura bronquial. La implantaci贸n de pr贸tesis bronquiales en estos pacientes es un factor de riesgo para la presencia y persistencia de Corynebacterium spp.The objective of this doctoral thesis is to evaluate the direct effects caused by difficult-to-treat bacterial infections and the modulation of the immune response caused by viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Three studies have been carried out for this purpose. The first study was based on the hypothesis that antibody-mediated rejection or its treatment predisposes the subsequent cytomegalovirus (CMV) and BK virus replication in kidney transplant recipients. A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Vall d'Hebron University Hospital. Adult renal transplant recipients diagnosed with antibody-mediated rejection during the years 2007-2015 were selected as cases (58). Previous and subsequent transplant recipients were selected as controls (118 controls). CMV replication was significantly more frequent in cases (9/58, 15.5%) than in controls (7/116, 6%) (OR 4.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-16.16). In the conditional logistic regression multivariate analysis, after adjusting for statistically significant variables, a higher OR of CMV replication was observed in cases than in controls (2.41), but without a statistically significant difference (95% CI 0.49-11.73, p=0.28). Therefore, the conclusion is that antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients may increase the subsequent risk of CMV but for BK virus replication. The second study was based on the hypothesis that infections caused by respiratory viruses in lung transplant recipients are associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). To study this hypothesis, we performed a prospective cohort study of 98 lung transplant recipients with a prolonged follow-up period. In this cohort of patients, respiratory viruses were systematically detected through nasopharyngeal smears. Thirty-eight (38.8%) patients were diagnosed with CLAD after a median time of 20.4 months (interquartile range 12-30.4). In a time-controlled multivariate Cox analysis, lower respiratory tract infection by respiratory viruses (HR 3.00, CI 1.52-5.91; p=0.002), CMV pneumonitis (HR 3.76, CI 1.23-11.49; p=0.02) and acute rejection (HR 2.97, CI 1.51-5.83; p=0.002) were independent risk factors associated with developing CLAD. In conclusion, lower respiratory tract infections by respiratory viruses are an independent risk factor associated with developing CLAD. Finally, the objective of the third study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of lung transplant recipients with respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. We performed a retrospective analysis of lung transplant recipients who presented respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. between 2014-2016. Of 527 patients, 24 (4.6%) presented respiratory isolation of Corynebacterium spp. The most frequent species were C. striatum 11/24, C. pseudodiphtheriticum 3/24 and C. amycolatum 3/24. In all patients who underwent bronchoscopy (19/24), abnormalities were observed: mucosal plaques at the bronchial suture (10/19) and purulent secretions (9/19). Clinical cure was achieved in 8/12 (67%) patients diagnosed with tracheobronchitis. Patients with a bronchial stent presented more frequently isolation of Corynebacterium spp. (6/21, 29%) than the rest of patients (18/506, 4%, p <0.001). In addition, the persistence of infection was significantly associated with the presence of bronchial stents (4/4 with respect to 2/14, p = 0.005). In conclusion, the isolation of Corynebacterium spp. in respiratory specimens of lung transplant recipients is associated with respiratory infection and bronchial suture damage. Bronchial stent implantation is a risk factor for the presence and persistence of Corynebacterium spp
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