Trends in income mobility

Income distribution

Set and Drift: Naval Force in the New Century

It is 1890.1 The United States is flexing its broad, young shoulders, strengthened by an infusion of new immigrants, new technologies, and by American political leadership that represents the growing nation’s outward-looking perspective. The United States desires to play on the world stage along with the great imperial nations. However, naval leadership has a different viewpoint. It is content with its small, coastal, commerce-raiding, Jeffersonian fleet. Then along comes a reticent, unlikable naval captain of middling reputation who captures the nation’s imagination with his plan for a navy that will do battle at sea upon the great world stage

Prevention of cisplatin-induced hearing loss in children: Informing the design of future clinical trials.

Cisplatin is an essential chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of many pediatric cancers. Unfortunately, cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL) is a common, clinically significant side effect with life-long ramifications, particularly for young children. ACCL05C1 and ACCL0431 are two recently completed Childrens Oncology Group studies focused on the measurement and prevention of CIHL. The purpose of this paper was to gain insights from ACCL05C1 and ACCL0431, the first published cooperative group studies dedicated solely to CIHL, to inform the design of future pediatric otoprotection trials. Use of otoprotective agents is an attractive strategy for preventing CIHL, but their successful development must overcome a unique constellation of methodological challenges related to translating preclinical research into clinical trials that are feasible, evaluate practical interventions, and limit risk. Issues particularly important for children include use of appropriate methods for hearing assessment and CIHL severity grading, and use of trial designs that are well-informed by preclinical models and suitable for relatively small sample sizes. Increasing interest has made available new funding opportunities for expanding this urgently needed research

Development and characterization of nickel-NTA-polyaniline modified electrodes

The engineered addition of hexa-histidine sequences to biomolecules such as antibody fragments has been found to be an excellent means of purifying these materials. This tagging methodology has also been extended to its use as a tool for immobilization and orientation of antibodies on transducer surfaces. Polyvinyl sulfonate-doped polyanilne (PANI/ PVS) can be used as a mediator in amperometric biosensors. This short communication looks at the effect of nickel chelate materials and nickel chelation on this conducting polymer and evaluates it as a potential surface for the immobilization of his-tagged biomolecules. N-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) was doped into the electropolymerized PANI/PVS at a screen-printed carbon paste electrode. The resulting NTA-PANI/PVS film was shown to have comparable electrochemical properties of polymer without the chelating agent. When Ni 2þ was applied to the electrode, the incorporated NTA was found to efficiently chelate the metal ions at the electrode surface

The haves and have-nots: a study of income inequality

Income distribution

Application of nanoparticulate conducting polyaniline in nanofilm biosensor technology

This biosensor uses a novel aqueous-based nanoparticulate polyaniline (PANI), synthesised using dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid (DBSA) and aniline as starting material. These polymer nanoparticles have been electrodeposited on to the surface of carbon electrodes resulting in conductive nano-films, which were examined by electrochemistry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), profilometry and spectroelectrochemistry. Biomolecules were then electrostatically adsorbed onto this surface and physical techniques have shown that the nanofilm possesses properties which allow for uniform adsorption of protein to take place. This effective biosensor format has been characterised using a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and H2O2 format. This sensor exhibits higher signal/noise (S/N) ratios and quicker response times than previous PANI biosensor formats developed by our group, due to its nanofilm characteristic