Atención odontológica en comunidades tobas de Argentina. Construyendo salud

La experiencia que aquí presentamos se ha desarrollado en Colonia Aborigen, Provincia del Chaco, República Argentina. Se trata de un trabajo con un perfil netamente educativo, preventivo y comunitario. Desde un enfoque que jerarquiza los tres niveles de la prevención tiene como propósito llegar anticipadamente antes que la situación no deseada se instale. De allí, la importancia de incorporar una mentalidad preventiva en los profesionales, estudiantes de odontología y en toda la población. La salud y la prevención de enfermedades no dependen exclusivamente de los gobiernos y sus programas sanitarios, sino también del compromiso de toda la comunidad y especialmente de sus referentes, que de un modo activo interpretan que son parte fundamental del bienestar y la primera barrera de defensa a instalar en una comunidad, pueblo o barrio. La salud de los pueblos es calidad de vida, que obligatoriamente necesitan de las políticas de estado para remover las causas económicas, sociales y culturales que la condicionan. Intentar resolver los conflictos de los niños, jóvenes, hombres y mujeres de Colonia Aborigen fue nuestro desafío, ayudar a mejorar su vida diaria y contribuir en la construcción de su felicidad. Para lograr nuestro objetivo siempre tuvimos presente los elementos que garantizan el derecho a la salud de los pueblo: Disponibilidad, Accesibilidad, Calidad, Aceptabilidad y Equidad, obligándonos a respetarlos, protegerlos y cumpliendo con nuestro deber de odontólogos y docentes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba desarrollando acciones tendientes a restaurar el derecho perdido.publishedVersio

An X3D Neural Network Analysis for Runner's Performance Assessment in a Wild Sporting Environment

We present a transfer learning analysis on a sporting environment of the expanded 3D (X3D) neural networks. Inspired by action quality assessment methods in the literature, our method uses an action recognition network to estimate athletes' cumulative race time (CRT) during an ultra-distance competition. We evaluate the performance considering the X3D, a family of action recognition networks that expand a small 2D image classification architecture along multiple network axes, including space, time, width, and depth. We demonstrate that the resulting neural network can provide remarkable performance for short input footage, with a mean absolute error of 12 minutes and a half when estimating the CRT for runners who have been active from 8 to 20 hours. Our most significant discovery is that X3D achieves state-of-the-art performance while requiring almost seven times less memory to achieve better precision than previous work.Comment: Accepted to the 18th International Conference on Machine Vision Applications (MVA 2023

Aluminium content of spanish infant formula

Aluminium toxicity has been relatively well documented in infants with impaired renal function and premature neonates. The aims of this study were to analyse the concentration of aluminium in the majority of infant formulae sold commercially in Spain, to determine the influence of aluminium content in the tap water in reconstituted powder formulae and to estimate the theoretical toxic aluminium intake in comparison with the PTWI, and lastly, to discuss the possible interactions of certain essential trace elements added to formulation with aluminium according to type or main protein based infant formula. A total of 82 different infant formulae from 9 different manufacturers were studied. Sample digestion was simulated in a closed acid-decomposition microwave system. Aluminium concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with graphite furnace. In general, the infant formulae studied provide an aluminium level higher than that found in human milk, especially in the case of soya, preterm or hydrolysed casein-based formulae. Standard formulae provide lower aluminium intakes amounting to about 4 % PTWI. Specialised and preterm formulae result in moderate intake (11 – 12 % and 8 – 10 % PTWI, respectively). Soya formulae contribute the highest intake (15 % PTWI). Aluminium exposure from drinking water used for powder formula reconstitution is not considered a clear potential risk. In accordance with the present state of knowledge about aluminium toxicity, it seems prudent to call for continued efforts to standardise routine quality control and reduce aluminium levels in infant formula as well as to keep the aluminium concentration under 300 g l-1 for all infant formulae, most specifically those formulae for premature and low birth neonates

Ianus: an Adpative FPGA Computer

Dedicated machines designed for specific computational algorithms can outperform conventional computers by several orders of magnitude. In this note we describe {\it Ianus}, a new generation FPGA based machine and its basic features: hardware integration and wide reprogrammability. Our goal is to build a machine that can fully exploit the performance potential of new generation FPGA devices. We also plan a software platform which simplifies its programming, in order to extend its intended range of application to a wide class of interesting and computationally demanding problems. The decision to develop a dedicated processor is a complex one, involving careful assessment of its performance lead, during its expected lifetime, over traditional computers, taking into account their performance increase, as predicted by Moore's law. We discuss this point in detail

Un ejemplo práctico sobre la discordancia entre la significación estadística y la significación sustantiva con relación a la decisión de la hipótesis nula

El presente trabajo aboga por el uso de estrategias alternativas a la significación estadística que formarían parte de lo que se ha venido en denominar la significación sustantiva. Por otra parte se ha determinado, mediante un ejemplo práctico, la escasa concordancia que se produce entre la SS y la SE respecto a la comisión del error tipo II, es decir, la aceptación de la hipótesis nula cuando ésta en realidad es falsa.This work plads for the use of alternative strategies to the stadistical significance that would of what has been come in denominating the substantive significance. On the other hand, it has been determined, by means of a practical example, the scarce agreement that place between the stadistical significance and the sustantive, regarding the commision of the error type II, that is to say, the acceptance of the null hypothesis when, in fact, is false.Facultad de Educación y Humanidades - Campus de Melilla (Universidad de Granada

Assessment of the mobility of metals in a mining-impacted coastal area (Spain, Western Mediterranean)

A study on metal mobilisation (Zn, Pb and As) from contaminated sediments in Portman Bay (SE Spain) was carried out. Thisarea has suffered a major impact from mining activity, as millions of tons of mine tailings have been dumped into the bay over a long period, gradually filling the bay. A three-step sequential extraction procedure, modified from the BCR (Community Bureau of Reference) method, as well as selective extractions (H2O, 0.1 N HNO3, citrate–dithionite and 1 M NH4OAc after H2O2 attack) were applied to selected samples in order to evaluate the potential mobility of fixed metals. Acid volatile sulfides (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) were also determined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled to with an energy-dispersion spectrometry (SEM-EDS) were applied to the characterization of both raw samples and the residues remaining after each extraction, providing additional information about the sediment phases carrying the metals studied. Metals associated with sediments showed different behaviour depending on the mineralogical phase they were bound to. Zn was the most labile metal, while Pb and As showed a lower mobility. The fraction of metals associated with jarosites presented a high stability under different physicochemical conditions, while metals associated with mineralogical phases that are undergoing supergenic alteration processes presented a high mobility. The results obtained may be useful to assess both the short and the long-term environmental impact of such disposal activities as well as supporting decisions for a future remediation of the zone

Matching microscopic and macroscopic responses in glasses

We first reproduce on the Janus and Janus II computers a milestone experiment that measures the spin-glass coherence length through the lowering of free-energy barriers induced by the Zeeman effect. Secondly we determine the scaling behavior that allows a quantitative analysis of a new experiment reported in the companion Letter [S. Guchhait and R. Orbach, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 157203 (2017)]. The value of the coherence length estimated through the analysis of microscopic correlation functions turns out to be quantitatively consistent with its measurement through macroscopic response functions. Further, non-linear susceptibilities, recently measured in glass-forming liquids, scale as powers of the same microscopic length.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

The Mpemba effect in spin glasses is a persistent memory effect

The Mpemba effect occurs when a hot system cools faster than an initially colder one, when both are refrigerated in the same thermal reservoir. Using the custom built supercomputer Janus II, we study the Mpemba effect in spin glasses and show that it is a non-equilibrium process, governed by the coherence length \xi of the system. The effect occurs when the bath temperature lies in the glassy phase, but it is not necessary for the thermal protocol to cross the critical temperature. In fact, the Mpemba effect follows from a strong relationship between the internal energy and \xi that turns out to be a sure-tell sign of being in the glassy phase. Thus, the Mpemba effect presents itself as an intriguing new avenue for the experimental study of the coherence length in supercooled liquids and other glass formers.Comment: Version accepted for publication in PNAS. 6 pages, 7 figure