445 research outputs found
Topological features of massive bosons on two dimensional Einstein space-time
In this paper we tackle the problem of constructing explicit examples of
topological cocycles of Roberts' net cohomology, as defined abstractly by
Brunetti and Ruzzi. We consider the simple case of massive bosonic quantum
field theory on the two dimensional Einstein cylinder. After deriving some
crucial results of the algebraic framework of quantization, we address the
problem of the construction of the topological cocycles. All constructed
cocycles lead to unitarily equivalent representations of the fundamental group
of the circle (seen as a diffeomorphic image of all possible Cauchy surfaces).
The construction is carried out using only Cauchy data and related net of local
algebras on the circle.Comment: 41 pages, title changed, minor changes, typos corrected, references
added. Accepted for publication in Ann. Henri Poincare
The pure model and future linear colliders: the Higgs sector
We summarise the phenomenology of the Higgs sector of the minimal
extension of the Standard Model at an Linear Collider. Within such a
scenario, we show that (in comparison with the Large Hadron Collider) several
novel production and decay channels involving the two physical Higgs states
could experimentally be accessed at such a machine. In particular, we present
the scope of the strahlung process for single and double Higgs production,
the only suitable mechanism for accessing an almost decoupled heavy scalar
state.Comment: This proceeding of the 2011 International Workshop on Future Linear
Colliders (LCWS11) is published through the SLAC Electronic Conference
Proceedings Archiv
Hip joint hydatidosis after prosthesis replacement
Summary Hydatidosis is a rare parasitic disease caused by the Echinococcus tapeworm, which only occasionally affects the musculoskeletal tissues. In this article we describe the case of a patient who underwent a total hip replacement procedure for a pathological fracture of the femur neck. At the next histological examination it was shown to be a consequence of secondary bone hydatidosis. This clinical case is exceptional in that the infection spread to the cotyloid and femoral prosthesis components and, in the following years, caused repeated episodes of joint dislocation
Frequency of hypertension in hospitalized population with osteoporotic fractures: Epidemiological retrospective analysis of Hospital Discharge Data in the Apulian database for the period 2006–2010
Osteoporosis and hypertension are two widespread diseases, which share many of the same risk factors such as
advanced age, early menopause, smoking, and physical inactivity. The aim of this study is to examine the association
between fragility fractures, anti-hypertensive drugs (subgroup C02, according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical
classification system [ATC]), diuretics (subgroup C03), b-blocker (subgroup C07), calcium antagonist (subgroup C08)
and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulator (subC09), and drugs administration for osteoporosis among the
osteoporotic population of a region of Southern Italy.
We retrospectively studied “Hospital Discharge Data” (HDD) in the Apulian database for the period 2006–2010 to
find fragility fractures treated with hospitalization in men aged over 65 years and in women aged over 50 years. We then
checked the database for drug prescriptions to identify those patients who had taken at least one osteoporosis drug.
Within this latter group, based on hospital admissions and prescription records, we identified the patients affected with
hypertension.
We observed that, between 2006 and 2010, in Apulia, 177,639 patients were hospitalized and diagnosed as having
fragility fractures. The prevalence of hypertension patients in Apulia in this period was estimated at 44.3%. In the
same region and period, the prevalence of patients with fragility fracture, who also had hypertension, was 80.9%. The
percentage of fracture was lowest in the female population aged 50–59 years (52.5%), while the highest was in women
aged > 80 years (92.5%). We observed that in hypertensive patients the most frequent site of fracture was the femur
(43,638 cases), while the least frequent were the tarsus and metatarsus (742 cases combined). The patients who took
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and diuretic drugs presented a higher number of fragility fractures, while
the calcium antagonists, beta-blockers, and ATC anti-hypertensive drugs were linked to a reduced incidence of lesions.
Hypertension is associated with increased fracture risk in the Apulia population. The bone demineralization effect of
this disease should be taken into account during the management of these patients. The different distribution of fragility
fractures in relation to anti-hypertensive treatment warrants further investigatio
Femoral tunnel placement in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: rationale of the two incision technique
Endoscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can be performed through one-incision or two-incision technique. The current one-incision endoscopic ACL single bundle reconstruction techniques attempt to perform an isometric repair placing the graft along the roof of the intercondylar notch, anterior and superior to the native ACL insertion. However the ACL isometry is a theoretical condition, and has not stood up to detailed testing and investigation. Moreover this type of reconstruction results in a vertically oriented non-anatomic graft, which is able to control anterior tibial translation but not the rotational component of the instability. Femoral tunnel obliquity has a great effect on rotational stability. To improve the obliquity of graft, an anatomical ACL reconstruction should be attempt. Anatomical insertion of ACL on the femur lies very low in the notch, spreading between 11 and 9–8 o'clock position and the center lies lower than at 11 o'clock position. Femoral aiming devices through the tibial tunnel aim at an isometric placement, and they do not aim at an anatomic position of the graft. Also, a placement of tunnel in a position of 11 o'clock is unable to restore rotational stability. The two-incision technique, with the possibility to position femoral tunnel independently by tibial tunnel, allows us to place femoral tunnel entrance in a position of 10 'clock that can most accurately reproduce the anatomic behaviour of the ACL and can potentially improve the response of the graft to rotatory loads. This positioning results in a more oblique graft placement, avoiding problem related to PCL impingement during knee flexion. Further studies are required to understand if this kind of reconstruction can ameliorate proprioception as well as clinical outcome at a long-term follow-up
Ottimizzazione del design di una cavità ottica per la sanificazione dell'aria attraverso radiazione ultravioletta germicida
A partire dal 2020, la pandemia da SARS-CoV-2 si è diffusa a livello globale, destando l’interesse della comunità scientifica tutta nel prevenirne l’espansione e nel comprenderne i meccanismi caratteristici di trasmissione e inattivazione. La propagazione di questo virus avviene soprattutto grazie alla sospensione di aerosol nell’aria; dunque, al fine di ridurne il più possibile la diffusione in spazi chiusi, è necessario l’utilizzo di filtri sanificatori dell’aria che siano in grado di inattivare questo agente patogeno, oltre al distanziamento sociale e alle protezioni individuali.
Il lavoro di tesi presentato si pone concettualmente in linea con quanto appena affermato. In questo studio, infatti, viene presentato un filtro compatto per la sanificazione dell’aria attraverso radiazione ultravioletta germicida e ne vengono analizzate quantitativamente le prestazioni, variando la posizione delle sorgenti LED UVC al suo interno e considerando due pattern di emissione angolare differenti. Sebbene il dispositivo esaminato sia impiegabile in molteplici circostanze e per ulteriori tipi di microrganismi, in questo lavoro si è verificato come esso risulti alquanto efficace nell’inattivazione del virus SARS-CoV-2. In particolare, eseguendo delle simulazioni ottiche attraverso il programma di progettazione ottica Zemax OpticStudio®, si è potuto notare come il posizionamento di sorgenti LED nelle zone del dispositivo dove il flusso d’aria scorre più lentamente garantisca una maggiore frazione di agenti patogeni inattivati dall’esposizione alla radiazione. In questo caso specifico, la riduzione degli aerosol infettivi presenti nell’aria filtrata si attesta al 99.6%
The management of neuropathic ulcers of the foot in diabetes by shock wave therapy
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Diabetes is becoming one of the most common chronic diseases, and ulcers are its most serious complication. Beginning with neuropathy, the subsequent foot wounds frequently lead to lower extremity amputation, even in the absence of critical limb ischemia. In recent years, some researchers have studied external shock wave therapy (ESWT) as a new approach to soft tissue wound healing. The rationale of this study was to evaluate if ESWT is effective in the management of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We designed a randomized, prospective, controlled study in which we recruited 30 patients affected by neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers and then divided them into two groups based on different management strategies. One group was treated with standard care and shock wave therapy. The other group was treated with only standard care. The healing of the ulcers was evaluated over 20 weeks by the rate of re-epithelization.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>After 20 weeks of treatment, 53.33% of the ESWT-treated patients had complete wound closure compared with 33.33% of the control patients, and the healing times were 60.8 and 82.2 days, respectively (p < 0.001). Significant differences in the index of the re-epithelization were observed between the two groups, with values of 2.97 mm<sup>2</sup>/die in the ESWT-group and 1.30 mm<sup>2</sup>/die in the control group (p < 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Therefore, ESWT may be a useful adjunct in the management of diabetic foot ulceration.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN21800909</p
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