Changes in the relationships between aerobic capacity and hematological variables after a diet and exercise intervention.

Relación entre los cambios de las variable hematolóicas y la capacidad aeróbic

Validation of a new equation to calculate the maximum oxygen uptake

The main regression equations to estimate the maximum oxygen uptake (V02maxl have been obtained with the total population studied [1-31. A limitation of these studies is the validity, since the prediction equations were carried out with a particular population and they were validated with themselves, because the samples did not tend to be very large. The cross validation must be used to check the accuracy of a prediction equations when they are applied to different populations. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of the maximum oxygen uptake prediction equation obtained with cross validation

Heart rate recovery in elite Spanish male athletes

Recuperación de la frecuencia cardiaca en atletas varones españoles During postexercise recovery, heart rate (HR) initially falls rapidly, followed by a period of slower decrease, until resting values are reached. The aim of the present work was to examine the differences in the recovery heart rate (RHR) between athletes engaged in static and dynamic sports

Parámetros bioquímicos a lo largo de tres microciclos de entrenamiento intenso en triatletas de élite

Algunos investigadores han utilizado la información que suministran determinados parámetros sanguíneos para el control biológico del entrenamiento. Entre estos parámetros los más utilizados como indicadores de sobreentrenamiento son: creatina kinasa (CK), urea (U), cortisol (C), testosterona(T) y relación testosterona/cortisol (T/C). El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la evolución de CK, U, C,T y T/C a lo largo de 3 microciclos (M) de ntrenamiento,comparando los valores tras una sesión de entrenamientointenso con los obtenidos tras una sesión de recuperación. Seis triatletas masculinos de élite participaron en el estudio y fueron seguidos durante un periodo de entrenamiento de 31 semanas. Se estudiaron los microciclos 8, 22 y 31 (M1, M2 y M3, respectivamente). Se realizaron 7 extracciones sanguíneas en los siguientes momentos: una analítica en octubre en el periodo de descanso, y dos analíticas al final de cada M (tras una sesión de entrenamiento y una de recuperación). En cada M se registraron los datos de entrenamiento así como los de percepción de la carga y recuperación. La CK descendió de forma significativa tras una sesión de recuperación después de haber alcanzado valores significativamente superiores a los de referencia (129,5±80,2 U/l) en el M1 (Entrenamiento: 303,2±141,8 U/l vs. Recuperación: 211,3±65,4 U/l; P < 0,05), en el M2 (Entrenamiento: 316,2±134,1 U/l vs. Recuperación: 238,2±149 U/l; P < 0,05) y M3 (Entrenamiento: 383,3±231,0 U/l vs. Recuperación: 209,8±98,2 U/l; P < 0,05). Ni la U ni la T experimentaron variaciones significativas tras una sesión de recuperación, mientras que el C sólo descendió significativamente en M3 (Entrenamiento: 23±2,3 μg/dl vs. Recuperación: 18,9±2,7 μg/dl: P < 0,05). En conclusión, este estudio muestra las variaciones que experimentan varios parámetros sanguíneos a lo largo de tres microciclos de entrenamiento intenso, en los que ninguno de los deportistas experimentó ningún síntoma de sobreentrenamiento

Clinical and Neuropsychological Correlates of Prefrailty Syndrome

Physical frailty is closely associated with cognitive impairment. We aim to investigate the neuropsychological profiles of prefrail and non-frail dementia-free community-dwelling older adults using a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation, and to examine the association between specific frailty criteria and clinical and neuropsychological scores. Participants completed a comprehensive standardized neuropsychological evaluation (covering cognitive domains such as memory, executive functions, language and attention), and frailty assessment. Frailty was assessed according to biological criteria: unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slowness, and weakness. The sample comprised 60 dementia-free community-dwelling adults, aged 65 years or older (range 65-89 years; 60.0% women). Forty-two participants were classified as robust (no frailty criteria present), and 18 as prefrail (1 or 2 frailty criteria present). We explored neurocognitive differences between the groups and examined the association between specific criteria of frailty phenotype and clinical and neuropsychological outcomes with bivariate tests and multivariate models. Prefrail participants showed poorer cognitive performance than non-frail participants in both memory and non-memory cognitive domains. However, delayed episodic memory was the only cognitive subdomain that remained significant after controlling for age, gender, and educational level. Gait speed was significantly associated with general cognitive performance, immediate memory, and processing speed, while grip strength was associated with visual episodic memory and visuoconstructive abilities. Both gait speed and grip strength were negatively associated with depressive scores. Our results suggest that prefrailty is associated with cognitive dysfunction. The fact that specific cognitive domains may be susceptible to subclinical states of physical frailty may have important clinical implications. Indeed, early detection of specific cognitive dysfunctions may allow opportunities for reversibility

Tuberculosis as a Cause of Rapid Salivary Gland Swelling in the Elderly – A Case Report

A 77-year-old man was admitted to the internal medicine department for a 5-day history of progressive preauricular swelling. Two lines of antibiotic treatment failed to achieve any improvement. Fine needle aspiration cytology was conducted and smear staining with the Ziehl-Neelsen stain as well as a PCR test were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These results were confirmed with culture of the sample. A diagnosis of tuberculosis parotitis was made and anti-tuberculous drugs were initiated

Acute Q Fever Presenting with Multi-Organ Failure: Re-Evaluation of the Initial Diagnosis

We present the case of a 48-year-old man admitted to the critical care unit with atrial fibrillation, and acute heart and kidney failure accompanied by coagulopathy and an abnormal liver test. Initially diagnosed as a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, re-evaluation of the case led to the consideration of severe sepsis. Q fever and leptospirosis were the most probable causes and empiric treatment was initiated. A complete recovery was achieved following treatment

Recurrent Episodes of Hypokalaemia during Treatment with Inhaled Beta-2 Agonist Revealing Gitelman Syndrome, an Uncommon Clinical Entity

A 28-year-old female patient was hospitalized for mild–moderate hypokalaemia which was persistent despite discontinuation of beta-2 agonist bronchodilator treatment. Her past medical history was relevant for two episodes of severe hypokalaemia after active inhaled beta-2 agonist treatment for asthma crisis. Investigations revealed increased potassium in spot urine with a transtubular potassium gradient <4. A 24-hour urine analysis showed hypophosphaturia, hypocalciuria, hypomagnesuria and normal urine prostaglandins in favour of Gitelman syndrome. Oral potassium supplementation was started and genetic studies were recommended