Conhecimento sobre hanseníase de contatos intradomiciliares na Atenção Primária em Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil

This experience report sought to identify the degree of knowledge of household contacts of leprosy patients treated and monitored in a Family Health Center in the municipality of Ananindeua, state of Pará. After home visits, application of a research protocol, and physical examination, no suspected case of leprosy was found; however, knowledge about the disease is still scarce, since only 20% of the contacts answered that leprosy is a “treatable skin disease”.  Regarding the representation of the disease for the interviewees, 20% reported having “fear of contracting the disease”. Half of the sample were aware of its mode of transmission and 10% were unable to give any answer; 60% of the contacts answered that leprosy should be treated at the health center with oral drugs. Those who had received advance directives were better informed about the disease (50%). A proper follow up of these contacts is needed, as well as a more effective health education.Este relato de experiencia trató de determinar el grado de conocimiento de los contactos intra-domicilares de enfermos de lepra tratados y seguidos en una Unidad de Salud Familiar (USF) en la ciudad de Ananindeua-Pará. Después de las visitas domicilares, de la  aplicación del protocolo de investigación y del examen físico, no fue encontrado ningún caso sospechoso de lepra, sin embargo el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad sigue siendo escaso, ya que sólo el 20% de los contactos respondió que se trataba de una “enfermedad curable de la piel”. Sobre la representación de la enfermedad entre los encuestados, 20% informó tener “miedo a contraer la enfermedad”. La mitad de la muestra conocía el modo de transmisión y el 10% no pudo dar ninguna respuesta; el 60% de los contactos respondió que la lepra debe ser tratada en una USF con medicamentos orales. Los que recibieron orientaciones previas tuvieron mayores conocimientos sobre la enfermedad (50%). Se necesita un acompañamiento adecuado de esos contactos, así como una actuación más efectiva en educación para la salud.Este relato buscou identificar o grau de conhecimento de contatos intradomiciliares de pacientes hansenianos tratados e acompanhados em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) no município de Ananindeua-Pará. Após visitas domiciliares, aplicação de protocolo de pesquisa e exame físico, nenhum caso suspeito de hanseníase foi encontrado, no entanto, o conhecimento sobre a doença ainda é escasso, pois apenas 20% dos contatos responderam que se tratava de uma “doença de pele com cura”. Sobre a representação da doença para os entrevistados, 20% responderam ter “medo de contrair a doença”. Metade da amostra sabia a forma de transmissão e 10% não souberam emitir nenhuma resposta; 60% dos contatos responderam que a hanseníase deve ser tratada na unidade de saúde com medicamentos orais. Aqueles que receberam orientações prévias possuíam melhores esclarecimentos sobre a doença (50%). É preciso um acompanhamento adequado desses contatos, além de uma atuação mais efetiva em educação em saúde

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora