The Geography of Income Within Manitoba's Capital Region

The City of Winnipeg and 15 surrounding urban and rural municipalities form the Capital Region of Manitoba (see Figure 1). Between 1996 and 2001, these surrounding municipalities captured a large majority of the region’s population growth.1 Much of this growth has been bedroom community development. The most recent census data shows that some 16,700 people in outlying municipalities commute to jobs located within Winnipeg.2 Population growth has also been characterized by the creation of ex-urban residential landscapes consisting of large homes on large lots. Examples of such development are readily conspicuous in both the Henderson Highway and Main Street corridors running north out of Winnipeg and in villages such as La Salle to the south of the city. This report examines the imprint ex-urban population growth is making on the spatial distribution of income within the Capital Region. Using data from the 1991 and 2001 Census of Canada, the analysis focuses on both current geographic patterns of average household income and how those patterns changed over time. A comparison with metropolitan centres of Saskatchewan and Alberta is also included

Downtown Winnipeg Pedestrian Intercept Study

Report: i., 19 pp.; ill., Digital file.This report presents the results of a survey of pedestrians in downtown Winnipeg undertaken by the Winnipeg Downtown Biz in March / April 2005. The purpose of the survey was to develop a demographic and socio-economic profile of downtown pedestrians at key specific areas in the Downtown. The survey also attempted to gauge how often people visit the downtown, the type of activities they are engaged in while downtown, and their thoughts regarding the types of shopping, service, or entertainment facilities that would make the downtown a more attractive destination

Growth Beyond the Perimeter: Population Change in Manitoba's Capital Region

This report highlights aspects of the current spatial distribution of population in the Capital Region and how that distribution has changed over the past five years, with emphasis placed on outlying municipalities. Based on data reported in the 2001 Census of Canada, the report includes analysis of aggregate population levels and age cohort dynamics as well as a brief examination of the pace of population growth in the Capital Region compared to the experience of other large metropolitan areas on the Canadian prairies

Big Boxes, Power Centres and the Evolving Retail Landscape of Winnipeg: A Geographical Perspective

This report offers a geographical perspective on a wave of big box store and power centre development that Winnipeg experienced between 1998 and 2001. Analysis reveals that new retail development has gravitated to existing major retail nodes thereby reinforcing the traditional retail hierarchy. New big box discount and category killer merchants have not eroded the integrity of any regional or super-regional enclosed shopping malls. Smaller open air strip malls have not fared as well. Micro-geographies of traditional enclosed malls and the new retail power centres are explored with attention given to ways the typical design and layout of power centres contributes to increased levels of dependence on automobiles. Planning issues related to the construction of new retail space and the redevelopment of existing retail spaces are discussed

A Comparative Analysis of Major Suburban Shopping Nodes in Winnipeg

This report examines structural and business sector attributes of eight major suburban shopping nodes in Winnipeg. It is based on data assembled during August and September 2001

An Inter-Regional Analysis of the Growth Rate of Manufacturing Employment in the Province of Ontario, 1960–1972

Despite the existence of different levels of manufacturing in the various regions of Ontario, most previous studies of this phenomenon have concentrated on explanation of its locational pattern in southern Ontario only. In contrast, though, this thesis analyzes regional variation in the growth rate of manufacturing employment in a total provincial framework. Also, its approach differs in that it examines variation in the factors which account for manufacturing employment growth and whether or not these variations are consistent over space (between regions) and through time. The province is divided into three general regions; norther, southern and eastern, and from each region, ten cities are selected to form the basis of the study. A general linear model is then developed to explain the growth rate of manufacturing employment. The model includes variables which represent three general concepts; market potential, industrial specialization characteristics, and community attitudes towards growth. Using multiple linear regression, estimated linear equations are generated for each of the three regions in each of six two year periods beginning in 1960. The analysis of these equation follows two basic paths. First, inter-regional variation of the equations is examined from both total equation structure and individual variable structure. Second, equations of each region are examined separately to determine whether or not the equation structures differ through time. This analysis also involves examination of both equation structure and individual variable structure. Results of this analysis produce several general conclusions. Inter-regional variation is found to be the greatest between the northern and southern equations, largely because of the different degree of importance of market potential changes in the two regions. Also, the community attitude variables play an important part in several northern equations whereas they have little significance in the south. Intra-regional variation is found to be the greatest in the southern equations. Easter equations exhibit a high degree of stability. With respect to the formulation of regional planning policy in Ontario, the thesis contributes two general points. Inter-regional variation emphasizes the need for different policies in different regions. Intra-regional variation through time suggests that policies should be flexible in order to adapt to changing conditions

The Divided Prairie City: Income Inequality Among Winnipeg's Neighbourhoods, 1970-2010

Book: x, 110 pp.,; ill., digital file.This book brings twelve experts on Winnipeg to talk about the people, places, and spaces, impacted by a growing gap between rich and poor neighbourhoods. We add a geographic perspective to the recent conversations about Winnipeg's racial and economic divides.Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Neighbourhood Change Research Partnershi

IronFleet: Proving Practical Distributed Systems Correct

Abstract Distributed systems are notorious for harboring subtle bugs. Verification can, in principle, eliminate these bugs a priori, but verification has historically been difficult to apply at fullprogram scale, much less distributed-system scale. We describe a methodology for building practical and provably correct distributed systems based on a unique blend of TLA-style state-machine refinement and Hoare-logic verification. We demonstrate the methodology on a complex implementation of a Paxos-based replicated state machine library and a lease-based sharded key-value store. We prove that each obeys a concise safety specification, as well as desirable liveness requirements. Each implementation achieves performance competitive with a reference system. With our methodology and lessons learned, we aim to raise the standard for distributed systems from "tested" to "correct.&quot

Response and Acquired Resistance to Everolimus in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Everolimus, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is effective in treating tumors harboring alterations in the mTOR pathway. Mechanisms of resistance to everolimus remain undefined. Resistance developed in a patient with metastatic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma after an extraordinary 18-month response. Whole-exome sequencing of pretreatment and drug-resistant tumors revealed a nonsense mutation in TSC2, a negative regulator of mTOR, suggesting a mechanism for exquisite sensitivity to everolimus. The resistant tumor also harbored a mutation in MTOR that confers resistance to allosteric mTOR inhibition. The mutation remains sensitive to mTOR kinase inhibitors

Possibility for reverse zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to free-ranging wildlife: a case study of bats

The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the substantial public health, economic, and societal consequences of virus spillover from a wildlife reservoir. Widespread human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also presents a new set of challenges when considering viral spillover from people to naïve wildlife and other animal populations. The establishment of new wildlife reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 would further complicate public health control measures and could lead to wildlife health and conservation impacts. Given the likely bat origin of SARS-CoV-2 and related beta-coronaviruses (β-CoVs), free-ranging bats are a key group of concern for spillover from humans back to wildlife. Here, we review the diversity and natural host range of β-CoVs in bats and examine the risk of humans inadvertently infecting free-ranging bats with SARS-CoV-2. Our review of the global distribution and host range of β-CoV evolutionary lineages suggests that 40+ species of temperate-zone North American bats could be immunologically naïve and susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2. We highlight an urgent need to proactively connect the wellbeing of human and wildlife health during the current pandemic and to implement new tools to continue wildlife research while avoiding potentially severe health and conservation impacts of SARS-CoV-2 "spilling back" into free-ranging bat populations