Johann Kuhnau\u27s Hermeneutics: Rhetorical Theory And Musical Exegesis In His Works

The theological changes of the Reformation were paralleled by an increasing reliance on the literal meaning of Scripture and an examination of passages in authentic languages in order to find the full resonance of each word to achieve the greatest possible emphasis; this emphasology was the principal function of the interpretation, founded on a pluralistic meaning of the text. Lutheran hermeneutes developed a common method of interpretation and format of presentation. The hermeneutical treatises written by German authors in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries have been virtually ignored by scholars of all disciplines, partly because they did not seem important in the context of modern philosophy, aesthetics, or theology (Gadamer).;This method influenced Kuhnau\u27s musical settings in two ways. He used it as the procedure for his own exegesis of the text and chose musical devices to emphasize the meanings found in the interpretation, making his composition, in effect, a re-phrasing in music of his hermeneutical interpretation of a Biblical passage. That this is so can be seen in his own description of the musical setting of Psalm 1 in his writings and in his music. The other influence is in the structure of his cantata texts, which are seen to follow the traditional hermeneutical categories. The operation of these principles is evident not only in the structure of the texts, but also in Kuhnau\u27s writings.;This study examines musical sources and writings critically, using the tools and terms of contemporary hermeneutics (and rhetoric). The results change our understanding of the music and music theory of the pre-Enlightenment period in Germany. For German composers of sacred music the response to the text was determined by the absolute authority of the Bible as the word of God and the primacy of literal, emphatic and pluralistic interpretation. Kuhnau\u27s compositions are considered, in this study, in their own historic-critical context, and this stands in direct contrast to the music of the high Baroque

Integrating literature-based language arts and mathematics

The National Counsel of Teachers in Mathematics in 1989 developed a list of 13 mathematical standards that would lead to a more effective way to teach mathematics. Before they began their list of standards, they made a list of goals. These goals stressed the importance of making learning relevant to the learner. The goals that the NCTM developed are similar to the theoretical formulations that support instruction in the language arts. Many leading authorities in language arts advocate an instructional program that extends literature-based language arts across the curriculum. The content areas provide content and experiences with the functions of language. This paper presents the ways teachers can connect children\u27s literature, the language arts and the content area of mathematics in kindergarten-grade 4. The NCTM standards create a view of mathematical instruction that allows the teacher to make mathematics real and inviting, just as children\u27s literature does

The Application of Role Theory to the Sexual Harassment Paradigm: A Policy Capturing Approach

This research utilized policy capturing techniques to analyze the different factors individuals use when determining sexual harassment. The importance of level of power, verbal behavior, and invasiveness of touch were examined. Additionally, role theory was applied to the sexual harassment paradigm in order to understand how context factors within an organization affect the perception of sexual harassment. Profile analysis was used to determine how the perception of what constitutes harassing behavior is mitigated by one\u27s role in the organization. Participants were one hundred and five males and one hundred and fifteen females who were either currently employed or employed within the last six months. Participants were asked to complete take-home packets that contained a series of questionnaires that were designed to measure the perception of and response to sexual harassment. Thirty-two sexual harassment scenarios that were a full manipulation of three levels of power, verbal behavior, and touch were also included in the packet. Participants were asked to read each scenario and indicate how appropriate they felt the described behavior was in the workplace, how likely they were to respond to the situation, and to choose the response type that best described how they would react to the situation. In order to establish the level of realism of these scenarios, participants were asked to indicate how easy it was for them to imagine the situation and to assess how likely the behavior was to occur in the workplace. Additionally, in order to assess the context within which the participants worked, a series of questionnaires that contained measures of organizational factors, attributes of the person, and interpersonal factors were included. The findings revealed that the perception of and response to sexual harassment were affected by the level of invasiveness of touch, the level of verbal behavior, and the relative power of the perpetrator. Different organizational factors, personal attributes, and interpersonal factors were found to affect the perception of sexually harassing role expectations and anticipated role behaviors. Role perceptions and behaviors were influenced by the gender-ratio of one\u27s occupation; the organization\u27s policies and culture regarding its tolerance for sexual harassment; the rater\u27s gender, age, race, and relationship status; one\u27s tolerance for sexual harassment; and one\u27s previous experience with certain types of interpersonal harassment. Although all a priori hypotheses regarding the context factors were not confirmed, it is still believed that role theory provides a viable model for understanding the perception of sexual harassment

Processing strategies and recall performance for narrative passages and word lists of negative and neutral affective valence in depression

Depressed individuals have been found to exhibit memory deficits on tasks that require effortful processing. They have also been found to remember negative materials better than their nondepressed cohorts. While these findings are well-documented, there have been few studies designed to examine how and why these differences in recall occur. The present study examined prose passage and word list recall in depressed and nondepressed college students. Processing times and structure of recall were also examined to assist in determining how material was processed and remembered. Half of the passages and word lists utilized were of negative affective valence and half were of neutral affective valence. Subjects were 70 undergraduate students who completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) prior to selection and again at the time of participation to ensure stability of mood. Individuals scoring at or above 10 on the BDI and at or above 11 on the GDS during both screening and experimental phases were classified as depressed. Individuals scoring at or below four on the BDI and at or below four on the GDS during both screening and experimental phases were classified as nondepressed. Subjects read narrative passages and word lists from a computer screen. Rate of presentation was controlled by subjects and recorded in milliseconds by the computer. Oral recall was audiotaped immediately after each story or word list. Memory for each passage was expressed as the proportion of idea units recalled at each of three levels of importance. Prose passage recall analyses indicated that depressed subjects remembered more idea units from negative passages than neutral passages and exhibited superior recall to nondepressed subjects for negative word lists. Memory for each word list was expressed as the proportion of idea units recalled at each of three serial positions. Word list recall results revealed that nondepressed subjects recalled significantly more neutral words than negative words and demonstrated superior recall to depressed subjects for neutral word lists. Structure of recall and processing time did not vary between groups on either task despite differences in memory performance. Results indicated a mood congruent memory bias for both prose passages and word lists. The group exhibiting the mood congruent memory bias changed with task, however. The reason for the difference in the pattern of memory bias between the prose and word list recall tasks is not immediately obvious but may be the result of a differential degree of effortful processing required when processing word lists and prose passages. The implications of these findings in relation to models of cognitive processing in depression are discussed

Post stroke interpersonal communication: an intimate exploration of stroke survivors' lived experiences

Thesis (M.A.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2015This qualitative study explores the personal and intimate lived experiences of stroke survivors who suffer the comorbid emotional sequelae of Post Stroke Depression (PSD) and how it affects their rehabilitation and interpersonal relationships post stroke. By using Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT), the idea of Social Construction of Identity, the epistemology of Narrative Inquiry (NI), and conversational interviews (CI), with stroke survivors, their spouses/significant others, friends, and other family members, the aim of this body of research has been to take on the difficult task of observing how stroke survivors navigate the difficult and sometimes daunting path that all stroke survivors must travel as they attempt the reconstruction of their self post stroke. They face every new day with the knowledge of who they once were and who they are now. The person that they are now has become their reality. Many stroke survivors regardless of the hemisphere in which the brain lesion occurs, suffer from some degree of the post stroke emotional sequelae, or a condition following and resulting from a disease, of post stroke depression (PSD). With the comorbid occurrence of PSD comes yet another challenge to their reconstruction process. The findings of this research study have remained consistent with the current research data and literature on stroke, stroke recovery, PSD, and aphasia

Transcendence from Below: The Embodied Feminine Mysticism of Marion Woodman

This article outlines the mystical path followed by Jungian analyst and author Marion Woodman. It unpacks the mystical aspects of Jungian psychology and uses Woodman’s life as a lens to view how the practice of mysticism can operate within alternative psycho-religious belief systems. Woodman deeply embraces mysticism as a transformative, feminist practice by focusing her work on healing the psycho-spiritual effects of patriarchy and the associated repression of women and the body. This paper also discusses how Woodman’s mystical revelations have begun to affect the epistemological foundation of Jungian psychology in a way that echoes the embodied and enactive perspective of participatory theory

New Limits to the Application of the Consumer Protection Act—State v. Schwab, 103 Wn. 542, 693 P.2d 108 (1985)

In State v. Schwab, the Washington Supreme Court removed residential landlord-tenant transactions from the purview of the Washington Consumer Protection Act (CPA). Under Schwab, litigants may no longer invoke the generous remedial provisions of the CPA to enforce tenants\u27 rights granted by the Residential Landlord-Tenant Act. Schwab also eliminated state prosecution of residential landlord-tenant actions. The reasoning used by the court could prevent the application of the CPA to new areas of commerce, and may also limit its application in areas where it previously has been considered fully applicable