Determining the effect of an educational intervention on medical support personnel\u27s knowledge to administer a standardized developmental screening tool.

Early treatment of developmental delays leads to improved outcomes for children (Yeung et al., 2014). In order to benefit from early intervention, children with developmental delays must be identified and referred at a young age. Although the use of validated developmental screening tools is supported by American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines, these instruments are used variably by general physicians in pediatric practice (King et al., 2010). Because of the expanding work roles of medical support personnel, it is worthwhile to determine if this group can administer and score a developmental screening tool after completing an educational intervention to assist general pediatric practices in using these tools in accordance with the AAP mandate. Currently, no peer-reviewed published research exists regarding training medical support personnel to administer and score a standardized developmental screening tool. Guided by Kirkpatrick’s four-level evaluation model, the current mixed methods study sought to: 1) assess the effect of an educational intervention on the knowledge of medical support personnel in pediatric primary care settings to administer and score a standardized developmental screening tool; 2) determine if the medical support personnel were able to score the selected tool in practice as accurately as the “gold standard”; and 3) report the experience of medical support personnel learning and applying a newly acquired skill in clinical practice. Study participants from three urban pediatric clinics completed a pre- and post-survey and an educational intervention. One participant from each clinic also completed an in-depth interview to describe their experience with the educational intervention and the application of the learned information in practice. Quantitative data analysis indicated that after the educational intervention, the medical support personnel demonstrated a significant increase (p \u3c .020) on knowledge post-test scores (mean 16.69, SD 2.898) from pre-test scores (mean 14.46, SD 2.961). The medical support personnel were also mostly successful in administering and scoring the developmental screener in practice (80%). Qualitatively, study participants indicated that the educational intervention was acceptable, and positively impacted their practice. This project demonstrates that an educational intervention increased the knowledge of medical support personnel regarding developmental screening

Explorations in the Crafting of Government’s Authority and Power Using Institutional Ethnography: The Case of the 2013 Zamboanga Crisis

Crisis response is a clear illustration of what Migdal (2004) posits in his Statein-society approach: the iterative relationship between State authority and social actors\u27 everyday practices. As the rise in recent natural and humanmade disasters call for proficiencies in crisis response, it becomes essential to observe how the variabilities in State-in-society responses unfold through institutionally coordinated everyday social relations. The situation reveals the need to theorize these relationships on the grounds of the dynamic coconstitution of State-in-society. This study employed institutional ethnography (Devault & McCoy, 2002; Smith, 2005); observing the interplay of various actors\u27 interests and strategies within institutional processes after the massive internal displacement that resulted from the 2013 Zamboanga siege. Whereas the Philippines is often portrayed as a weak State with a resilient population, this study suggests the Philippine State\u27s fluid crafting, as illustrated in how various social actors reinterpret, negotiate, and appropriate State, specifically the dispersed government\u27s power and authority during crises. The processes of assisting IDP provided opportunities for local and national actors to redefine their positions against one another and influence the crisis response process\u27s outcomes

A Comprehensive review of abdominal infections

AbstractIntra-abdominal infection (IAI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. It is the second most commonly identified cause of severe sepsis in the intensive care unit and it has been associated with a high mortality rate. Most IAI are the result of inflammation and perforations of the gastrointestinal tract, such as appendicitis, peptic ulcer disease, and diverticulitis. Successful treatment of IAI is based on early and appropriate source recognition, containment and antimicrobial coverage. We will review the pathophysiology of IAI and provide clinical guidelines for its management

Gains and Challenges of the Barangay Health Worker (BHW) Program During COVID-19 in Selected Cities in the Philippines

Background: The Philippine Barangay Health Worker (BHW) program extends the accessibility of health care services at the community level. BHWs are trained volunteers who perform various health-promoting and health-educating tasks and provide primary health care (PHC) services within their communities. However, the weak implementation of policies meant to protect their welfare, like the BHW Benefits and Incentives Act (Republic Act No. 7883), translates to challenges that impact the sustainability of the BHW program. This qualitative study aimed to explore the BHWs\u27 experiences with RA 7883 and how its implementation shaped their overall role as frontline health workers during the pandemic. Method: The researchers conducted key informant interviews in selected barangays in Biñan, Laguna, and Project 7, Quezon City. The participants included BHWs, community health workers (CHWs), co-workers, supervisors, clients, city program coordinators, and BHW district presidents. The researchers thematically coded the interview transcripts to analyze the data. Results: The experiences of the BHWs showed how the gaps in RA 7883 implementation influenced the different aspects of their position. The BHWs expressed the need for sufficient support through remuneration and training opportunities to strengthen their competence and confidence in accomplishing their extensive tasks. The politicization of BHW through patronage politics also created inefficiencies that were detrimental to achieving the program\u27s goals. Conclusion: The poor implementation of RA 7883 undeniably affected the BHWs\u27 motivation and the full realization of their roles. These inadequacies hindered the program\u27s goal of equitable and accessible health services

Lectoescritura y rendimiento académico en niños del tercer ciclo de una institución pública del distrito de Pátapo - Chiclayo

La presente indagación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la relación entre la lectoescritura y el rendimiento académico en niños del tercer ciclo de una institución pública del distrito de Pátapo- Chiclayo. Para ello se generó una metodología de tipo básica, de diseño no experimental, enfoque cuantitativo y de nivel descriptivo-correlacional. Se obtuvo y trabajó con una muestra total de 84 menores de edad, del primer y segundo grado de dicha institución. Se concluyó que, si existe una asociación entre la variable lectoescritura y la variable rendimiento académico, todo ello se manifiesta en un resultado de (r=0.517), calificándose como positiva, directa y moderada, infiriendo que mientras no se ejecute las habilidades de lectura y escritura en los menores, su rendimiento académico se verá afectado