Legislative Control of Air Pollution & Water Pollution of the P.R. China

10 pages

Congress, the Courts, and the Long Range Plan

one

Gestão da acreditação educacional no contexto de uma inovação em educação: Questões teóricas e requisitos

Innovating to improve the quality of education, meeting the changing requirements of the integration trend is a top priority task. In addition, the quality management and improvement of education quality are also issues of concern to the state and society. In recent years, educational accreditation has been identified as an effective solution to help maintain and improve the quality of education. However, the management of this activity is posing many problems that need further clarification both in theory and practice. This study shows that clarifying theoretical issues is very necessary, as a basis for educational accreditation activities to come into reality and bring high efficiency. A study of the State's guiding documents and an actual assessment of the accrediting activities of educational institutions show that there are many issues that need to be clarified in order to have better management measures. Clarifying the rationale will help the educational quality accreditation management activities to have a basis for developing an implementation plan; clarifying the limitations and shortcomings in the management process will help this activity come into reality.Innovar para mejorar la calidad de la educación, cumplir con los requisitos cambiantes de la tendencia de integración, es una tarea de máxima prioridad. Además, la gestión de la calidad y el mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación también son cuestiones que preocupan el Estado y la sociedad. En los últimos años, la acreditación educativa ha sido identificada como una solución efectiva para ayudar a mantener y mejorar la calidad de la educación. Sin embargo, la gestión de esta actividad está planteando muchos problemas que necesitan mayor aclaración en la teoría y la práctica. Este estudio muestra que aclarar cuestiones teóricas es muy necesario, como base para que las actividades de acreditación educativa se conviertan en realidad y traigan alta eficiencia. Un estudio de los documentos rectores del Estado y una evaluación real de las actividades de acreditación de las instituciones educativas muestran que hay muchas cuestiones que necesitan ser aclaradas para tener mejores medidas de gestión. Aclarar el razonamiento ayudará a las actividades de gestión de la acreditación de la calidad educativa a tener una base para el desarrollo de un plan de implementación; aclarar las limitaciones y deficiencias del proceso de gestión ayudará a que esta actividad se convierta en una realidad.Inovar para melhorar a qualidade da educação, atendendo aos requisitos de mudança da tendência de integração, é uma tarefa prioritária. Além disso, a gestão da qualidade e a melhoria da qualidade da educação também são questões de preocupação do Estado e da sociedade. Nos últimos anos, a acreditação educacional foi identificada como uma solução eficaz para ajudar a manter e melhorar a qualidade da educação. No entanto, a gestão desta atividade está colocando muitos problemas que precisam de maior esclarecimento na teoria e na prática. Este estudo mostra que o esclarecimento de questões teóricas é muito necessário, como base para que as atividades de acreditação educacional se tornem realidade e tragam alta eficiência. Um estudo dos documentos orientadores do Estado e uma avaliação real das atividades de credenciamento das instituições de ensino mostram que há muitas questões que precisam ser esclarecidas para que haja melhores medidas de gestão. Esclarecer o raciocínio ajudará as atividades de gestão da acreditação da qualidade educacional a ter uma base para o desenvolvimento de um plano de implementação; esclarecer as limitações e deficiências do processo de gestão ajudará essa atividade a se tornar realidade

A IMPORTÂNCIA E OS FATORES QUE AFETAM A ACREDITAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NAS FACULDADES PROFISSIONAIS

The development of education and vocational training is the cause and responsibility of the whole society, an essential content of the national human resource development strategy and planning; in which vocational colleges hold important positions and roles. In recent years, the network of vocational colleges has grown rapidly and widely throughout the country, the force of teachers and administrators as well as the number of trainees participating in vocational training has grown tremendously. With this development, accreditation of vocational education is a necessary requirement and plays an important role. A study of the State’s legal documents, the requirements of practice, and survey results on vocational education quality accreditation show that this activity plays an important role in developing vocational education. On the basis of survey and evaluation, combined with the regulations of the State, this study identifies the importance and the factors affecting the accreditation of vocational education quality in colleges, thereby recommending solutions to improve the quality of this activity in the future.O desenvolvimento da educação e formação profissional é causa e responsabilidade de toda a sociedade, conteúdo essencial da estratégia e planeamento nacional de desenvolvimento dos recursos humanos; em que as faculdades vocacionais ocupam cargos e papéis importantes. Nos últimos anos, a rede de escolas profissionais cresceu rápida e amplamente em todo o país, a força de professores e administradores, bem como o número de estagiários que participam do treinamento profissional, cresceu tremendamente. Com este desenvolvimento, a acreditação do ensino profissional é um requisito necessário e desempenha um papel importante. Um estudo dos documentos legais do Estado, os requisitos da prática e os resultados da pesquisa sobre a acreditação da qualidade da educação profissional mostram que essa atividade desempenha um papel importante no desenvolvimento da educação profissional. Com base na pesquisa e avaliação, combinada com as regulamentações do Estado, este estudo identifica a importância e os fatores que afetam o credenciamento da qualidade do ensino profissional nas faculdades, recomendando soluções para melhorar a qualidade dessa atividade no futuro

Management of Self-Assessment and Quality Accreditation Activities at Vocational Colleges in Vietnam: Policy, Practice and Some Solutions

Self-assessment and quality accreditation is the first step in the overall educational quality accreditation activities; they demonstrate the autonomy and self-responsibility of the school in all activities from training, and providing educational services, to teaching and learning activities. The purpose of self-assessment is not only to ensure quality education and training activities but also to provide motivation to improve and improve the quality of education in the whole school and of the entire education system self-assessment and quality accreditation are also an essential basis to help vocational colleges improve their competitiveness, creating a premise for the vocational colleges' sustainable development in the future. For the system of vocational colleges, self-assessment, and quality assessment help vocational colleges realize the reality of the school in their activities over the past time; advantages that need to be further consolidated and maintained; shortcomings and limitations that need solutions to overcome and repair; thereby, contributing to improving the quality in all activities that the school has committed to implement in the goals, mission and quality policy that the vocational colleges have had. On the basis of an analysis of the current situation and problems posed in self-assessment and quality accreditation activities, the legal grounds for activities of achievement assessment and quality accreditation; practice in self-assessment and quality accreditation at vocational colleges; the State’s policies on self-assessment and quality accreditation at vocational colleges; this study recommends solutions to improve self-assessment and quality accreditation activities at vocational colleges in the future

Correspondence of Self- and Observer-rated Depression Using the BDI-II and BDI-II-O

This study describes the development, reliability, and validity of a new observer-rated version of the Beck Depression Inventory – Second Edition (BDI-II). This measure, called the Beck Depression Inventory – II – Observer (BDI-II-O), is identical in form, content, and scoring to the BDI-II, and allows informants to report on the depressive symptoms of others. The informants for this initial study were clinicians; however, the BDI-II-O is designed for use by a wider range of informants. A group of four clinicians completed the BDI-II-O on each of 36 adult psychiatric patients in an intensive outpatient/partial hospitalization program. The patients completed the BDI-II, and scores were compared between the patient and clinician groups, as well as between clinicians. The BDI-II-O demonstrated high internal consistency (r = .96) and test-retest reliability (r = .88). Results from an exploratory cluster analyses indicated that a two-cluster solution optimally summarized the data for the BDI-II-O, although a one cluster solution was salient for the BDI-II. Results showed a moderate level of correlation between patient and clinician ratings (r = .59) a high level of interrater reliability between the four clinicians (ICC = .88). Overall results supported the preliminary reliability and validity of the BDI-II-O as an observer rated measure of depressive severity, and suggested that further study of the BDI-II-O is warranted

Preparation of Medical Testimony

Preparation of Medical Testimon

Source and network coding on mobile devices

This project concerns the development and implementation of a full functional demonstrator for cooperative wireless networking and network coding, which is a technology for improving performance in wireless networks. An application for distribute a video among nodes forming a cooperative cluster is implemented. The implementation is done for the Maemo platform. In Cellular Controlled Peer-to-Peer (CCP2P) networks, besides being connected to an outside world using cellular links, a group of mobile devices in close proximity form a cooperative cluster contributing their onboard capabilities and resources to exploit them a more efficient way. This project implements this kind of networks. Diverse cooperating phones agree on splitting a video to download and start to receive it through USB from a server (simulating the cellular link). Simultaneously the received data is exchanged over the short-range link using three different transmission schemes: Network coding and broadcast, which were implemented in a previous work, and a new hybrid schema developed as a combination of both, broadcast and network coding. After implementation of the program, tests are carried out, to see the results achieved with this new schema and compare it with the previous ones, in terms of throughput, energy consumption and necessary time to distribute the whole video. The results obtained show an improvement in the three cases for the new hybrid schema, which use broadcast at the beginning, when all the nodes are interested in all the packets, and Network Coding for retransmissions of packets

Rethinking copyright and the internet: a new model for users’ rights

The laws of copyright can be slower to adapt and evolve than the industries they regulate. As the landscape of how protected works are made and how the public views how those works should be treated changes, the law does not seamlessly follow in course. Rather, it typically slowly grows obsolete and then undergoes periodic points of drastic redefinition in order to adapt. Since the Statute of Anne, the foundation for modern copyright law across the globe, many nations have implemented subsequent reforms to their copyright acts to adapt both to the modern world and to previous failures of the law. The British Copyright Act of 1956 adapted the law to a world connected in trade by expanding protection for works whose initial publication was outside of Britain.1 In 1998, the United States enacted one of the most important pieces of copyright legislation as a reaction to the effects of the internet and technology on the enforceability of copyright law. This law is known as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). The DMCA,among its many alterations and additions to the law, created a safe-harbour provision so that online service providers could avoid vicarious liability for the actions of their members- moulding the law to the digital space.2 In 2012, Canada passed its groundbreaking Copyright Modernization Act which sought to address the rise of user-generated content by legitimising transformative works made for non-commercial purposes.3 Thus, the overarching trend in copyright law is for it to gradually grow obsolete or ineffective within the scope of the industrial or technological power of the market until a great force of legislation brings the law back in line. This thesis will argue that we have reached such a turning point. It asserts that an inability to adequately apply current law, seen through impotent enforcement mechanisms online, coupled with vague legal boundaries has brought about a need for redefinition within copyright law. Further, it hypothesises that the that the property-law model used as a basis for copyright law today is the root of issues with balancing user’s rights against creators' rights and is no longer the ideal means to protect creative works online. It will demonstrate how technology and global communication have changed the culture of creativity and creative dissemination in such a way that copyright law is no longer a competent tool in protecting and fostering the development of a large body of creative works. It will examine current would-be solutions to the problem of online infringements and analyse their inadequacies. In analysing the current relevant legal mechanisms, their failures and successes, as well as how the notion of property-like rules influence these failures and successes, it comes to the conclusion that stepping away from this property model and towards a system of liability rules online will not only help to foster new works, but will benefit those who own the rights to existing works as well. It concludes with a suggestion for a newly constructed system of liability rules, targeting areas previously discussed where the law is failing, to be applied in lieu of property rules for certain aspects of copyright protection. The overarching research question this thesis serves to answer is how can we appropriately balance author’s rights with the dissemination of information in a digital world in a way that leads to a system of copyright law that is practical, fair, and enforceable? It is intended to highlight and address the growing inefficacy of copyright law in the digital world, analyse the weaknesses of modern attempts to adapt the law to the digital space, and offer unique solutions to the problems it addresses. It analyses copyright law from a global perspective through the lens of online infringements. I adopt this global perspective for two reasons. First, while copyright law is strictly territorial, it serves at the behest of a global economy and has been largely unified through treaties with respect to minimum requirements for protection and framework standards.4 Second, a global perspective is important for the comparative analyses I employ. The comparisons target the successes and failures resulting from enacted solutions to online infringement in an attempt to offer a workable solution that may be applied anywhere. Thus, this thesis sets out to be a policy analysis that dissects copyright law and online infringement as a whole. 1 Copyright Act 1956 (UK) 2 Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998 (USA) 3 Copyright Modernisation Act 2012 (CA) 29.21 4 Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (Paris Text 1971

A System Out of Balance: A Critical Analysis of Philosophical Justifications for Copyright Law through the Lenz of Users’ Rights

Ultimately, this paper has three goals. The first is to offer an analysis of users’ rights under copyright law from four commonly used theoretical perspectives. These are labor, personality, economic and utilitarian theories. In doing so, it will demonstrate that the philosophies that underpin modern copyright law support a broad and liberal set of rights for derivative creativity. It will argue that current treatment of derivative works is unnecessarily conservative from a theoretical perspective. Second, this paper will demonstrate how, in spite of theory that supports a healthy community of derivative creativity, those who practice it have been further disenfranchised by the law. It will argue term limit extensions, increased protectionist treatment of secondary works online, and the functional lack of access to proper licensing mechanisms have rendered users’ rights impotent. Finally, in conclusion, it will offer a solution to the apparent imbalance of power in the form of replacing property-based derivative rights with liability rules. The conclusion, in many ways, merits its own paper and is meant as merely a suggestion of direction rather than a formulated solution