Statefinder diagnostic for the modified polytropic Cardassian universe

We apply the Statefinder diagnostic to the Modified Polytropic Cardassian Universe in this work. We find that the Statefinder diagnostic is quite effective to distinguish Cardassian models from a series of other cosmological models. The $s-r$ plane is used to classify the Modified Polytropic Cardassian models into six cases. The evolutionary trajectories in the $s-r$ plane for the cases with different $n$ and $\beta$ reveal different evolutionary properties of the universe. In addition, we combine the observational $H(z)$ data, the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data and the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data to make a joint analysis. We find that \textbf{Case 2} can be excluded at the 68.3% confidence level and any case is consistent with the observations at the 95.4% confidence level.Comment: Comments: Final version for publication in Physical Review D [minor revision to match the appear version] Journal-ref: Physical Review D 75, 083515 (2007

Executive stock option plans

Call number: LD2668 .R4 1964 L48

Archiving social movement memories amidst autocratization: a case study of Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement Visual Archive

There has been a rise in archival activism, including the birth of social movement archives, leveraging marginalised communities’ voices, and challenging mainstream discourses. Through a case study of the Umbrella Movement Visual Archive (UMVA) in Hong Kong, this paper explores the risks faced by and the strategies of the archivists when preserving social movement objects amidst rapid autocratisation. Based on semi-structured interviews and documents analysis, this paper argues that autocratisation significantly restrains political opportunities for archival activism. When Hong Kong was relatively liberal before 2020, the UMVA encountered problems common in community archives in liberal democracies, such as sustainability crises and loss of public attention. Even so, archivists could still manage the risk by facilitating public communication and group solidarity. Nonetheless, the rapid autocratisation of Hong Kong since 2020 has created extreme political risks for archivists and the collection. Archivists could only migrate the archives overseas, resulting in public inaccessibility of the collection. While most extant literature on archival activism focuses on democratic or post-transitional context, this project offers an authoritarian-political perspective that tests the limits of the notion in the global wave of democratic backsliding

Business income taxation: a comparative analysis between Australian and Italian legislations

openThe thesis attempts to examine the common ground and differences between Australian and Italian business income tax regulations taking into account the history of tax related framework development in each country and the impact of recent global phenomena including Covid-19 and OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting.The thesis attempts to examine the common ground and differences between Australian and Italian business income tax regulations taking into account the history of tax related framework development in each country and the impact of recent global phenomena including Covid-19 and OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting

An open reading frame upstream from the nifH gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae

An open reading frame upstream from nifHDK operon of Klebsiella pneumoniae had been described. The orientation of this open reading frame is opposite to that of nifHDK and sequence homology was found between the open reading frame promoter and the promoter of nifHDK operon. A recombinant plasmid carrying the promoter region of the open reading frame fused to the beta-galactosidase gene was constructed. Strains of E.coli were transformed with the plasmid containing this open reading frame promoter-lacZ fusion or co-transformed with it and a plasmid carrying the nifA gene. An appreciable activity of beta-galactosidase was found in strains which received both plasmids, indicating that the promoter of the open reading frame can be activated by the product of nifA gene. Thus, the open reading frame found between nifHDK operon and nifJ behaves just like other nif genes of K.pneumoniae in requiring the product of nifA as the positive effector for expression

A new understanding of grazing limit

The grazing limit of the Boltzmann equation to Landau equation is well-known and has been justified by using cutoff near the grazing angle with some suitable scaling. In this paper, we will provide a new understanding by simply applying a natural scaling on the Boltzmann operator without angular cutoff. The proof is based on a new well-posedness theory on the Boltzmann equation without angular cutoff in the regime with optimal ranges of parameters so that the grazing limit can be justified directly for any $\gamma>-5$ that includes the Coulomb potential corresponding to $\gamma=-3$. With this new understanding, the scaled Boltzmann operator in fact can be decomposed into two components. The first one converges to the Landau operator when the singular parameter $s$ of interaction angle tends to $1^{-}$ and the second one vanishes in this limit.Comment: 56 pages, 2 figure

Solidarity in diversity: online petitions and collective identity in Hong Kong's Anti-Extradition Bill Movement

Collective identity is a key catalyst of protest mobilization. How does collective identity come into existence among strangers with diverse backgrounds, especially in movements without a centralized leadership? Although collective identity is often seen as something constructed by movement organizations or out of established networks, we describe a more bottom-up and decentralized process in which movement collective identity is created through the horizontal mobilization of intermediate identities, which leverage pre-existing social identifications to induce commitment among individuals. Focusing on Hong Kong's Anti-Extradition Bill Movement of 2019, we argue that online petitions against the controversial bill created intermediate group identities among myriad social groups, such as alumni, professions, hobby groups, and residential communities. These intermediate identities provided rich discursive resources for previously disconnected individuals to collectively perceive the threat of the bill and see the obligation to act, which, in turn, shaped a strong collective identity early on in the protests. Our findings may help contribute to a more nuanced understanding of collective identity formation in contemporary leaderless movements