One-Step Electrodeposition of Self-Assembled Colloidal Particles: A Novel Strategy for Biomedical Coating

A novel biomedical coating was prepared from self-assembled colloidal particles through direct electrodeposition. The particles, which are photo-cross-linkable and nanoscaled with a high specific surface area, were obtained via self-assembly of amphiphilic poly­(γ-glutamic acid)-<i>g</i>-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (γ-PGA-<i>g</i>-AMC). The size, morphology, and surface charge of the resulting colloidal particles and their dependence on pH, initial concentrations, and UV irradiation were successfully studied. A nanostructured coating was formed in situ on the surface of magnesium alloys by electrodeposition of colloidal particles. The composition, morphology, and phase of the coating were monitored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The corrosion test showed that the formation of the nanostructured coating on magnesium alloys effectively improved their initial anticorrosion properties. More importantly, the corrosion resistance was further enhanced by chemical photo-cross-linking. In addition, the low cytotoxicity of the coated samples was confirmed by MTT assay against NIH-3T3 normal cells. The contribution of our work lies in the creation of a novel strategy to fabricate a biomedical coating in view of the versatility of self-assembled colloidal particles and the controllability of the electrodeposition process. It is believed that our work provides new ideas and reliable data to design novel functional biomedical coatings

Forest plot of cancer risk associated with the IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in nested case-control studies.

<p>A. Odds ratios with corresponding 95% CIs of the circulating IGF-1 level of individual studies and pooled data of the nested case-control studies. B. Odds ratios with corresponding 95% CIs of the circulating IGFBP-3 level of individual studies and pooled data of the nested case-control studies. C. Standard mean differences with corresponding 95% CIs of the circulating IGF-1 level of individual studies and pooled data of the nested case-control studies. D. Standard mean differences with corresponding 95% CIs of the circulating IGFBP-3 level of individual studies and pooled data of the nested case-control studies.</p

Characteristics of the nested case-control studies included in this meta-analysis.

<p>M,male; F,female; T, storage temperature; RIA, radioimmunoassay assay; IRMA, immunoradiometric assay; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay; BMI,body mass index.</p

Solubility Measurement and Thermodynamic Modeling of 4‑Nitrophthalimide in Twelve Pure Solvents at Elevated Temperatures Ranging from (273.15 to 323.15) K

The solubility of 4-nitrophthalimide in different solvents are of great importance for the design of its purification process via crystallization. The work reported new solubility data for 4-nitrophthalimide in 12 pure solvents of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, cyclohexanone, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, 2-butanone, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane benzyl alcohol and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide. They were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography at <i>T</i> = (273.15 to 323.15) K under pressure of 0.1 MPa. The 4-nitrophthalimide solubility in the selected solvents increased with the temperature increase. At a given temperature, the solubility of 4-nitrophthalimide is largest in <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide and lowest in chloroform. The solubility data in the these solvents ranked as <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide > cyclohexanone > (1,4-dioxane, acetone, 2-butanone, benzyl alcohol) > ethyl acetate > acetonitrile > methanol > ethanol > isopropanol > chloroform. The experimental solubility data were correlated by modified Apelblat equation, <i>λh</i> equation, Wilson model, and NRTL model. The obtained values of root-mean-square deviation and relative average deviation are all less than 16.17 × 10^–4 and 1.58%, respectively. The modified Apelblat equation achieved the best correlating results in totally

Flow diagram of included studies for this meta-analysis.

<p>Flow diagram of included studies for this meta-analysis.</p

Forest plot of cancer risk associated with the IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in case-control studies.

<p>A. Standard mean differences with corresponding 95% CIs of the circulating IGF-1 level of individual studies and pooled data of the case-control studies. B. Standard mean differences with corresponding 95% CIs of the circulating IGFBP-3 level of individual studies and pooled data of the case-control studies.</p

Characteristics of the case-control studies included in this meta-analysis.

<p>M,male; F,female; N,NSCLC; S,SCLC; T, storage temperature; RIA, radioimmunoassay assay; IRMA, immunoradiometric assay; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay; WLB, Western ligand blot.</p

Mean adjusted values of carotid intima-media thickness and elastic modulus, calculated by the least mean squares method, in the absence or presence of multiple CVRFs.

<p>The multivariate model included age, gender, BMI, dyslipidemia, diabetes, overweight and smoking. Data are presented as the mean value ± SD. Abbreviations as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067809#pone-0067809-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p

Prevalence of individual components and clusters of components of the cardiovascular risk factors by age quartile.

<p>By ANOVA. Data are presented as the mean value ± SD or percentage of subjects. The abbreviations as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067809#pone-0067809-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p

RF_analysis_Data1

RF_analysis_Data