8,577 research outputs found
New Physics Effects From B Meson Decays
In this talk, we point out some of the present and future possible signatures
of physics beyond the Standard Model from B-meson decays, taking R-parity
conserving and violating supersymmetry as illustrative examples.Comment: Talk given at the Sixth Workshop on High Energy Particle
Phenomenology (WHEPP-6), Chennai (Madras), India. Includes 2 epsf figure
ANOMALOUS GAUGE BOSON INTERACTIONS
We discuss the direct measurement of the trilinear vector boson couplings in
present and future collider experiments. The major goals of such experiments
will be the confirmation of the Standard Model (SM) predictions and the search
for signals of new physics. We review our current theoretical understanding of
anomalous trilinear gauge boson self-interactions. If the energy scale of the
new physics is TeV, these low energy anomalous couplings are expected
to be no larger than . Constraints from high precision
measurements at LEP and low energy charged and neutral current processes are
critically reviewed.Comment: 53 pages with 17 embedded figures, LaTeX, uses axodraw.sty, figures
available on request. The complete paper, is available at
ftp://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/pub/preprints/1995/madph-95-871.ps.Z or
http://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/pub/preprints/1995/madph-95-871.ps.Z Summary
of the DPF Working Subgroup on Anomalous Gauge Boson Interactions of the DPF
Long Range Planning Stud
Dynamical CP Violation in the Early Universe and Leptogenesis
In a recent publication, we suggested a mechanism for obtaining dynamical CP
violation in the early Universe based on the out-of-equilibrium evolution of
complex scalar fields. In this paper, we suggest several ways of transferring
the CP asymmetry from the scalar sector to the leptonic sector. In particular,
we point out how a ``transient MNS(P) matrix'' can generate an asymmetry
between fermions and anti-fermions directly.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
A theory of electromagnetic fluctuations for metallic surfaces and van der Waals interactions between metallic bodies
A new general expression is derived for the fluctuating electromagnetic field
outside a metal surface, in terms of its surface impedance. It provides a
generalization to real metals of Lifshitz theory of molecular interactions
between dielectric solids. The theory is used to compute the radiative heat
transfer between two parallel metal surfaces at different temperatures. It is
shown that a measurement of this quantity may provide an experimental
resolution of a long-standing controversy about the effect of thermal
corrections on the Casimir force between real metal plates.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected, minor changes to match the
published version in Physical Review Letter
Desperately Seeking Non-Standard Phases via Direct CP Violation in Process
Attributing the recent CLEO discovery of to originate
(primarily) from the fragmentation of an off-shell gluon () via , , we emphasize that many such states () should
materialize. Indeed the hadronic fragments () of states are closely
related to those seen in . A particular
final state of considerable interest is . Signals from such states
in decays can be combined to provide a very sensitive search for CP
violating phase(s) from non-standard physics. The method should work even if
the contribution of these source(s) to the rates is rather small () to
the point that a comparison between theory and experiment may find it extremely
difficult to reveal the presence of such a new physics.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure
The two-fluid model with superfluid entropy
The two-fluid model of liquid helium is generalized to the case that the
superfluid fraction has a small entropy content. We present theoretical
arguments in favour of such a small superfluid entropy. In the generalized
two-fluid model various sound modes of HeII are investigated. In a
superleak carrying a persistent current the superfluid entropy leads to a new
sound mode which we call sixth sound. The relation between the sixth sound and
the superfluid entropy is discussed in detail.Comment: 22 pages, latex, published in Nuovo Cimento 16 D (1994) 37
Physisorption of Nucleobases on Graphene
We report the results of our first-principles investigation on the
interaction of the nucleobases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine
(T), and uracil (U) with graphene, carried out within the density functional
theory framework, with additional calculations utilizing Hartree--Fock plus
second-order Moeller-Plesset perturbation theory. The calculated binding energy
of the nucleobases shows the following hierarchy: G > T ~ C ~ A > U, with the
equilibrium configuration being very similar for all five of them. Our results
clearly demonstrate that the nucleobases exhibit significantly different
interaction strengths when physisorbed on graphene. The stabilizing factor in
the interaction between the base molecule and graphene sheet is dominated by
the molecular polarizability that allows a weakly attractive dispersion force
to be induced between them. The present study represents a significant step
towards a first-principles understanding of how the base sequence of DNA can
affect its interaction with carbon nanotubes, as observed experimentally.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Extracting Weak Phase Information from B -> V_1 V_2 Decays
We describe a new method for extracting weak, CP-violating phase information,
with no hadronic uncertainties, from an angular analysis of B -> V_1 V_2
decays, where V_1 and V_2 are vector mesons. The quantity can be cleanly obtained from the study of decays such as B_d^0(t) ->
D^{*\pm} \rho^\mp, D^{*\pm} a_1^{\mp}, D^{*0} K^{*0}, etc. Similarly, one can
use B_s^0(t) -> D_s^{*\pm} K^{*\mp} to extract . There are no
penguin contributions to these decays. It is possible that will be the second function of CP phases, after , to be
measured at B-factories.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX, no figure
Do institutional arrangements make a difference to transport policy and implementation? Lessons for Britain
This paper describes local government decision-making in transport in three areas of the UK, London, West Yorkshire and Edinburgh, in which major changes in local government decision-making structures have taken place over the last decade, and between which arrangements are now very different. The research discusses whether institutional change has had a beneficial or adverse effect, and whether any of the current structures provides a more effective framework for policy development and implementation. The results show that although the sites share a broadly common set of objectives there are differences in devolved responsibilities and in the extent to which various policy options are within the control of the bodies charged with transport policy delivery. The existence of several tiers of government, coupled with the many interactions required between these public sector bodies and the predominantly private sector public transport operators appears to create extra transactional barriers and impedes the implementation of the most effective measures for cutting congestion. There is, however, a compelling argument for the presence of an overarching tier of government to organise travel over a spatial scale compatible with that of major commuter patterns. The extent to which such arrangements currently appear to work is a function of the range of powers and the funding levels afforded to the co-ordinating organisation
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