Caracterización Genética de Angiostrongylus Cantonensis Aislados de Diferentes Regiones de Ecuador

Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen, 1945) was identified in Ecuador for the first time in 2008. Eleven provinces of the country were investigated to establish the phylogenetic relationships between the isolates of the adult parasite and to compare them with those existing in other regions of the world; partial region of subunit 1 of Cytochrome oxidase (COI 1) was amplified, amplicons were sequenced and aligned with the reference sequences of the AC1-AC9 haplotypes. Isolates are grouped in a single clade different from the other previously characterized groups, which represents a novelty for the genetic diversity of the parasite in Latin America and the rest of the world. The parasite has been recently introduced, which has prevented genetic divergence between the isolates.Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen, 1945) fue identificado en Ecuador por primera vez en 2008. Se investigaron once provincias del país para establecer las relaciones filogenéticas entre los aislados del parásito y compararlos con los existentes en otras regiones del mundo; Se amplificó la región parcial de la subunidad 1 del citocromo oxidasa (COI 1), se secuenciaron los amplicones y se alinearon con las secuencias de referencia de los haplotipos AC1-AC9. Los resultados demuestran que los aislamientos se agrupan en un solo clado diferente a los otros grupos previamente caracterizados, lo que representa una novedad para la diversidad genética del parásito en América Latina y el resto del mundo. Se concluye que el parásito ha sido introducido recientemente, lo que ha impedido divergencia entre los aislado

Epidemiología molecular y análisis filogenético de la infección por el virus del papiloma humano en mujeres con lesiones cervicales y cáncer en la región litoral del Ecuador

The aim of the present study was to gather information regarding the molecular epidemiology of Human papillomavirus (HPV) and related risk factors in a group of women with low- and high-grade cervical lesions and cancer from the coastal region of Ecuador. In addition, we studied the evolution of HPV variants from the most prevalent types and provided a temporal framework for their emergence, which may help to trace the source of dissemination within the region. We analyzed 166 samples, including 57 CIN1, 95 CIN2/3 and 14 cancer cases. HPV detection and typing was done by PCR-sequencing (MY09/MY11). HPV variants and estimation of the time to most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) was assessed through phylogeny and coalescence analysis. HPV DNA was found in 54.4% of CIN1, 74.7% of CIN2/3 and 78.6% of cancer samples. HPV16 (38.9%) and HPV58 (19.5%) were the most prevalent types. Risk factors for the development of cervical lesions/cancer were the following: three or more pregnancies (OR = 4.3), HPV infection (OR = 3.7 for high-risk types; OR = 3.5 for HPV16), among others. With regard to HPV evolution, HPV16 isolates belonged to lineages A (69%) and D (31%) whereas HPV58 isolates belonged only to lineage A. The period of emergence of HPV16 was in association with human populations (tMRCA = 91. 052 years for HPV16A and 27. 000 years for HPV16D), whereas HPV58A preceded Homo sapiens evolution (322. 257 years). This study provides novel data on HPV epidemiology and evolution in Ecuador, which will be fundamental in the vaccine era.Fil: Bedoya Pilozo, Cesar H.. Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral; Ecuador. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Medina Magües, Lex G.. Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral; EcuadorFil: Espinosa García, Maylen. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Sánchez, Martha. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Parrales Valdiviezo, Johanna V.. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Molina, Denisse. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Ibarra, María A.. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Quimis Ponce, María. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: España, Karool. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Párraga Macias, Karla E.. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Cajas Flores, Nancy V.. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Solon, Orlando A.. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; Ecuador. Universidad Agraria del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Robalino Penaherrera, Jorge A.. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Pública; EcuadorFil: Chedraui, Peter. Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor; EcuadorFil: Escobar, Saul. Universidad Católica de Guayaquil; EcuadorFil: Loja Chango, Rita D.. Universidad Católica de Guayaquil; EcuadorFil: Ramirez Morán, Cecibel. Universidad Católica de Guayaquil; EcuadorFil: Espinoza Caicedo, Jasson. Universidad Católica de Guayaquil; EcuadorFil: Sánchez Giler, Sunny. Universidad Especialidades Espíritu Santo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; EcuadorFil: Limia, Celia M.. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri; CubaFil: Alemán, Yoan. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri; CubaFil: Soto, Yudira. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri; CubaFil: Kouri, Vivian. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri; CubaFil: Culasso, Andrés Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Badano, Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación; Ecuador. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada; Argentin

Increased mood symptoms in postmenopausal women related to the polymorphism rs743572 of the CYP17 A1 gene

Menopausal and depressive symptoms are highly prevalent after the menopause; but may vary from one population to another and genetics play a key role

Polymorphism of the THOC5 of the transcription/export multiprotein complex and its correlation with the lipid and metabolic profile in middle-aged women

The transcription/export complex (TREX) is formed by a core called THO. These are necessary for the transcription and packaging of messenger RNA and its subsequent nuclear exportation. Studies have correlated THO-specific polymorphisms with abnormalities of HDL-C metabolism. To correlate lipid and metabolic parameters with the genetic variants of the rs8135828 polymorphism of the THOC5 gene in middle-aged women. DNA was extracted from the whole blood of 183 women aged 40-65 and tested for the rs8135828 polymorphism of the THOC5 gene using real-time PCR. HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels, as well as other metabolic parameters, were correlated with the polymorphism genotypes: GG, AG, and AA. Mean age of women was 50.6 +/- 6.3 years, 54.6% were postmenopausal and 16.4% had the metabolic syndrome. GG was the most frequently determined genotype (62.3%). There were no differences in lipid levels according to genotypes; although there was a trend for lower HDL-C levels for the AA and AG + AA genotypes. Those with the AG and AG + AA genotypes displayed significantly higher glucose levels (p = .02 and p = .002, respectively); with a trend toward a higher metabolic syndrome prevalence and increased abdominal perimeters in both variants (AG and AG + AA). The AG genotype was related to higher glucose levels but not with abnormal lipid parameters. There is a need for more research in this regard