Conceitos clínicos da crise hipertensiva: a classificação e o manejo hospitalar

The objective of this study is to expose the main concepts about hypertensive crises and indicate the best management. The present study is a narrative review of a critical and analytical nature, in research on the main concepts regarding hypertensive crises, in addition to management. A review of articles was carried out in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Directory of Open Access Journals ( DOAJ) and PubMed, with the following Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): Cardiology; Hypertensive crisis; Management. Clinically, an abrupt increase in blood pressure may suggest a scenario of hypertensive crisis, which, if uncontrolled, may characterize a hypertensive emergency or urgency. Arbitrarily, a diastolic blood pressure greater than 120 millimeters of mercury (mmHG) associated with acute target organ damage is called a hypertensive emergency. Therefore, hypertensive urgency would be diastolic blood pressure greater than 120 mmHg, but without target organ damage. Therefore, early diagnosis and correct therapy affect the prognosis of patients, in addition, they limit sequelae that affect the outcomes of those affected. Therefore, it is necessary to further research on hypertensive crises, especially their classifications and management, so that protocols can be developed and used in hospital practice.El objetivo de este estudio es exponer los principales conceptos sobre las crisis hipertensivas e indicar el mejor manejo. El presente estudio es una revisión narrativa, de carácter crítico y analítico, en la investigación sobre los principales conceptos referentes a las crisis hipertensivas, además de su manejo. Se realizó una revisión de artículos en las bases de datos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Directory of Open Access Journals ( DOAJ) y PubMed, con los siguientes Descriptores de Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS): Cardiología; Crisis hipertensiva; Gestión. Clínicamente, un aumento abrupto de la presión arterial puede sugerir un escenario de crisis hipertensiva que, si no se controla, puede caracterizar una emergencia o urgencia hipertensiva. Arbitrariamente, una presión arterial diastólica superior a 120 milímetros de mercurio (mmHG) asociada con daño agudo a órganos diana se denomina emergencia hipertensiva. Por tanto, la urgencia hipertensiva sería una presión arterial diastólica superior a 120 mmHg, pero sin daño a órganos diana. Por tanto, el diagnóstico precoz y la terapia correcta inciden en el pronóstico de los pacientes, además, limitan las secuelas que afectan los desenlaces de los afectados. Por tanto, es necesario seguir investigando sobre las crisis hipertensivas, especialmente sobre su clasificación y manejo, de modo que se puedan desarrollar y utilizar protocolos en la práctica hospitalaria.O objetivo deste estudo é expor os principais conceitos acerca das crises hipertensivas e indicar o melhor manejo. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de caráter crítico e analítico, na  pesquisa  sobre  os principais  conceitos  no  que tange às crises hipertensivas, além do manejo. Foi  realizada  uma  revisão  de  artigos  nas  bases  de  dados  Medical  Literature Analysis  and  Retrievel  System  Online  (MEDLINE),  Scientific  Electronic  Library  Online (SciELO), Literatura  Latino-Americana  e  do  Caribe  em  Ciências  da  Saúde  (LILACS), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) e PubMed, com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências  da  Saúde  (DeCS): Cardiologia; Crise hipertensiva; Manejo. Clinicamente, o aumento abrupto da pressão arterial, pode sugerir um cenário de crise hipertensiva, que, descontrolada, pode caracterizar emergência ou urgência hipertensiva. Arbitrariamente, uma pressão arterial diastólica  maior que 120 milímetros de mercúrio (mmHG) associada a lesão de órgão-alvo agudo, chama-se emergência hipertensiva. Logo, urgência hipertensiva seria pressão arterial diastólica maior que 120 mmHg, porém sem lesão de órgão-alvo. Logo, o diagnóstico precoce e a terapia correta afetam o prognóstico dos pacientes, ademais, limitam sequelas que afetam os desfechos dos afetados. Dessa forma, é necessário o aprofundamento de pesquisas acerca das crises hipertensivas, sobretudo, suas classificações e condutas, para que protocolos sejam desenvolvidos e utilizados na prática hospitalar.&nbsp

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora