Two types of electron events in solar flares

The fluxes and spectra of the flare electrons measured on board Venera-I3 and I4 space probes are compared with the parameters of the hard (E sub x approximately 55 keV) and thermal X-ray bursts. The electron flux amplitude has been found to correlate with flare importance in the thermal X-ray range (r approximately 0.8). The following two types of flare events have been found in the electron component of SCR. The electron flux increase is accompanied by a hard X-ray burst and the electron spectrum index in the approximately 25 to 200 keV energy range is gamma approximately 2 to 3. The electron flux increase is not accompanied by a hard X-ray burst and the electron spectrum is softer (Delta gamma approximately 0.7 to 1.0)

Increase of the resource of machine parts working by combined methods using plasma electrolytic oxidation

© 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved. The paper presents the results of a study of the physicomechanical properties of oxide-ceramic coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation on various aluminum alloys. It has been found that filling the pores of an oxide-ceramic coating with oil or applying a copper layer to its surface with a friction-mechanical method increases the wear resistance of movable joints of machine parts by 1.7 times and 4.5 times, respectively. Based on the complex of studies carried out, combined methods are proposed that significantly increase the life of reinforced parts of machines in operation

Aerosol fluxing in electro arc metallization

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The main structural and technological factors of electric arc metallizers, which significantly affect the quality of their operation, are considered. The results of experimental studies on the adhesion strength, porosity, microhardness and comparative wear resistance of coatings obtained by electroarc metallization are presented. Optimal modes of coating with electroarc metallization are determined. It is established that the use of aerosol fluxing during electric arc metallization provides an increase in adhesion-cohesive strength by 25 ⋯ 30%, an increase in microhardness to 40%, a decrease in porosity by 20 ⋯ 25%

ATF2 Proposal

ATF2 Group Accelerator Physic

Energetic particle influence on the Earth's atmosphere

This manuscript gives an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the effects of energetic particle precipitation (EPP) onto the whole atmosphere, from the lower thermosphere/mesosphere through the stratosphere and troposphere, to the surface. The paper summarizes the different sources and energies of particles, principally galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), solar energetic particles (SEPs) and energetic electron precipitation (EEP). All the proposed mechanisms by which EPP can affect the atmosphere are discussed, including chemical changes in the upper atmosphere and lower thermosphere, chemistry-dynamics feedbacks, the global electric circuit and cloud formation. The role of energetic particles in Earth’s atmosphere is a multi-disciplinary problem that requires expertise from a range of scientific backgrounds. To assist with this synergy, summary tables are provided, which are intended to evaluate the level of current knowledge of the effects of energetic particles on processes in the entire atmosphere

How to Detect X-Rays and Gamma-Rays from Space: Optics and Detectors

The measurable quantities of the sky’s light, for any wavelength, are energy, position, arrival time, and polarization. Each of them reveal different information about the science target (e.g. gas dynamics, state and distribution of the matter, temperature, luminosity) and require specific detecting solutions. In the study of X-rays and gamma-rays up to the TeV regime, their absorption by the atmosphere (by 50% at 30 km altitude for 1 MeV photon) requires the development of space applications. The science goals of the mission define which technological benchmark should be maximised (e.g. energy or spatial resolution), but the final design of high energy instruments is the result of a trade-off analysis among the detection specifications, the need for space-borne electronic systems and materials, and the limited resources in mass budget, electrical power, and telemetry rates

навчальний посібник

Психологія у професійній діяльності поліції : навч. посіб. / [О. О. Євдокімова, І. В. Жданова, Д. В. Швець та ін.] ; за заг. ред. В. В. Сокуренка; МВС України, Харків, нац. ун-т внутр. справ. - Харків, 2018. - 426 с.Навчальний посібник підготовлено відповідно до навчальних програм з дисциплін «Професійно-психологічна підготовка працівників поліції», «Юридична психологія», «Практична психологія». У посібнику висвітлено загальні та спеціальні психологічні питання професійної діяльності поліції. Рекомендується для використання в освітньому процесі підготовки поліцейських; у професійній діяльності працівників Національної поліції.The manual has been prepared in accordance with the curriculum for the disciplines "Professional psychological training of police officers", "Legal psychology", "Practical psychology". The manual covers general and special psychological issues of professional police work. Recommended for use in the educational process of training police officers; in the professional activities of employees of the National Police.Учебное пособие подготовлено в соответствии с учебными программами по дисциплинам «Профессионально-психологическая подготовка сотрудников полиции», «Юридическая психология», «Практическая психология». В пособии освещены общие и специальные психологические вопросы профессиональной деятельности полиции. Рекомендуется для использования в образовательном процессе подготовки полицейских; в профессиональной деятельности работников Национальной полиции