Histone H1 Subtypes Differentially Modulate Chromatin Condensation without Preventing ATP-Dependent Remodeling by SWI/SNF or NURF

Although ubiquitously present in chromatin, the function of the linker histone subtypes is partly unknown and contradictory studies on their properties have been published. To explore whether the various H1 subtypes have a differential role in the organization and dynamics of chromatin we have incorporated all of the somatic human H1 subtypes into minichromosomes and compared their influence on nucleosome spacing, chromatin compaction and ATP-dependent remodeling. H1 subtypes exhibit different affinities for chromatin and different abilities to promote chromatin condensation, as studied with the Atomic Force Microscope. According to this criterion, H1 subtypes can be classified as weak condensers (H1.1 and H1.2), intermediate condensers (H1.3) and strong condensers (H1.0, H1.4, H1.5 and H1x). The variable C-terminal domain is required for nucleosome spacing by H1.4 and is likely responsible for the chromatin condensation properties of the various subtypes, as shown using chimeras between H1.4 and H1.2. In contrast to previous reports with isolated nucleosomes or linear nucleosomal arrays, linker histones at a ratio of one per nucleosome do not preclude remodeling of minichromosomes by yeast SWI/SNF or Drosophila NURF. We hypothesize that the linker histone subtypes are differential organizers of chromatin, rather than general repressors

Exploring understandings of quality : A study of stakeholder definitions in a university’s internal quality assurance system

This study asks what quality is and according to whom, through exploring the understandings of quality among stakeholders within a university’s internal quality assurance system. The focus is on teachers, students, and policy, as well as the difference between them. A case-study is made of two faculties within Uppsala University, with material based on both semi-structured interviews and text analysis of evaluation policy and assessor reports. The findings show a large focus on quality as goal fulfilment among both students and teachers. Ideas diverge where students focus more on relative quality and consistency, and teachers on transforming the students’ thinking. Policy is also focused upon goal fulfilment though kept relatively vague, inviting stakeholders to influence how quality is defined. Theoretical quality concepts from Harvey and Green (1993) are used and developed further in their practical application, with emphasis on the somewhat contested use of quality as consistency within the sphere of higher education. The findings also suggest a need for more explicit discussions between stakeholders regarding the view of quality within the university internal evaluations.

Exploring understandings of quality : A study of stakeholder definitions in a university’s internal quality assurance system

This study asks what quality is and according to whom, through exploring the understandings of quality among stakeholders within a university’s internal quality assurance system. The focus is on teachers, students, and policy, as well as the difference between them. A case-study is made of two faculties within Uppsala University, with material based on both semi-structured interviews and text analysis of evaluation policy and assessor reports. The findings show a large focus on quality as goal fulfilment among both students and teachers. Ideas diverge where students focus more on relative quality and consistency, and teachers on transforming the students’ thinking. Policy is also focused upon goal fulfilment though kept relatively vague, inviting stakeholders to influence how quality is defined. Theoretical quality concepts from Harvey and Green (1993) are used and developed further in their practical application, with emphasis on the somewhat contested use of quality as consistency within the sphere of higher education. The findings also suggest a need for more explicit discussions between stakeholders regarding the view of quality within the university internal evaluations.

Error Recovery in Automation - An Overview

This paper attempts to provide an overview of techniques and approaches to error recovery, both in automation and in other fields (such as autonomous robotics) where analogous problems occur. The term `error recovery' is often used as a common name for the three sub areas error/fault detection, error/fault diagnose, and recovery from the resulting failure. All three areas will be covered. Rather than presenting different systems and approaches in-depth, different types of systems and approaches will be presented and compared. Terminology The first observation made is that there is a lack of common terminology, e.g. the word error is sometimes used to denote the original reason why something went wrong, whereas in other cases it is used to denote the effects in the computer system due to some unforeseen event. However, in the `reliable computing' community there is an emerging standard [Laprie, 1992]. Although they are primarily interested in problems internal to a computer and its sof..

Exploring understandings of quality : A study of stakeholder definitions in a university’s internal quality assurance system

This study asks what quality is and according to whom, through exploring the understandings of quality among stakeholders within a university’s internal quality assurance system. The focus is on teachers, students, and policy, as well as the difference between them. A case-study is made of two faculties within Uppsala University, with material based on both semi-structured interviews and text analysis of evaluation policy and assessor reports. The findings show a large focus on quality as goal fulfilment among both students and teachers. Ideas diverge where students focus more on relative quality and consistency, and teachers on transforming the students’ thinking. Policy is also focused upon goal fulfilment though kept relatively vague, inviting stakeholders to influence how quality is defined. Theoretical quality concepts from Harvey and Green (1993) are used and developed further in their practical application, with emphasis on the somewhat contested use of quality as consistency within the sphere of higher education. The findings also suggest a need for more explicit discussions between stakeholders regarding the view of quality within the university internal evaluations.

En känsla för service : En studie av känsloarbete inom restaurangbranschen

Denna uppsats behandlar hur timanställda inom restaurangbranschen använder sina känslor för att utföra sitt jobb som servitris. Hochschilds teori om känsloarbete har använts för att förstå arbetet med känslor som ligger bakom service, medan Goffmans dramaturgiska teori nyttjades för att ge större förståelse för rollen som timanställd och vad det innebär i relation till varandra. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med åtta timanställda i 20-årsåldern. Resultatet visar att rollen som timanställd ofta gör känsloarbete mer påfrestande då möjligheterna till att ventilera är mindre på grund av sämre relationer till chefer och kollegor, samt att mindre eller ingen återkoppling och otydliga förhållningsregler försvårar arbetet. De kvinnliga servitriser som intervjuades behövde dessutom utföra en form av dubbelt känsloarbete gentemot såväl kunden som andra kollegor

Databases in Control and Simulation

This position paper describes the real-time database research at the Real-Time Systems Laboratory, Linköping University. The current research involves the application of database technology to the control and simulation of physical processes and has two main directions: adequate activity languages to describe high level operations on objects in the environment or in the simulation, and mechanisms to embed databases into control and simulation systems, and adequate data structures. 1 Introduction Our work focuses on the application of databases in real-time software systems and, more specifically, the application dependent requirements put on the embedded database and the realization of the corresponding database technology to satisfy these requirements. In this position paper, we describe our approach to embedding real-time databases in control systems and simulators. This paper will describe our approach in both aspects. We will also discuss the similarities between control and simu..