Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:57:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004Staphylococcus spp are not usually isolated from the oral cavity, and when this occurs, they are considered to belong to the transitory microbiota. Individuals with periodontal disease represent possible reservoirs of these opportunistic bacteria in the oral cavity. The use of antibiotics for treatment of periodontal disease or other infections may predispose to the increase of the number of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity. These microorganisms easily become resistant to antibiotics, and may result in superinfection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic periodontitis, identify the isolates and verify the relationship between the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and presence of periodontal pockets. The study included eighty-eight patients, 25-60 years of age, with chronic periodontitis, and at least two sites with probing depth >= 5mm. Individual data examination was assessed. Then, samples were colleted from the periodontal pocket with the aid of paper tips and from the oral cavity through mouth rinses. Out of the total of patients, 37.50% presented Staphylococcus spp. in the periodontal pocket and 61.36% in the oral cavity, 27.27% presented the bacteria in both sites. S. epidermidis was the most prevalent specie in the periodontal pocket (15.9%) and oral cavity (27.27%). The occurrence of higher proportions of nonresident's microorganisms in subgingival samples and oral sites may represent significant problem in causing and maintaining periodontal infections.Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Dept Odontol; Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Odontol, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazi

In vitro minocycline activity on superinfecting microorganisms isolated from chronic periodontitis patients Atividade in vitro de minociclina sobre microrganismos superinfectantes isolados de pacientes com periodontite crônica

Chronic periodontitis is the most common type of periodontitis and it is associated with various species of microorganisms. Enteric rods, Pseudomonas, Staphyloccocus and Candida have been retrieved from periodontal pockets of patients with chronic periodontitis and correlated to cases of superinfection. Local or systemic antibiotic therapy is indicated to reinforce the effects of the conventional mechanical therapy. Minocycline has been suggested as one of the most effective drugs against periodontal pathogens. The aim of this work was to evaluate the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of minocycline on superinfecting microorganisms isolated from the periodontal pocket and the oral cavity of individuals with chronic periodontitis. Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae (n = 25), Staphylococcus spp. (n = 25), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 9) and Candida spp. (n = 25) were included in the study. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of minocycline were determined using the Müeller-Hinton agar dilution method. Staphylococcus spp. isolates were the most sensitive to minocycline with a MIC of 8 &micro;g/mL, followed by Enterobacteriaceae with a MIC of 16 &micro;g/mL. The concentration of 16 &micro;g/mL inhibited 96% of Candida spp. isolates. The MIC for 88.8% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 128 &micro;g/mL. A concentration of 1,000 &micro;g/mL was not enough to inhibit 100% of the tested isolates.<br>Periodontite crônica é a forma mais comum de periodontite e está associada a diversas espécies de microrganismos. Enterobactérias, Pseudomonas, Staphyloccocus e Candida têm sido recuperados de bolsas periodontais de indivíduos com periodontite crônica e implicados em casos de superinfecção. A terapia antimicrobiana local ou sistêmica pode ser utilizada para reforçar os efeitos da terapia mecânica convencional, e a minociclina tem sido sugerida como antimicrobiano eficaz frente a periodontopatógenos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de minociclina sobre microrganismos superinfectantes isolados de bolsas periodontais e cavidade bucal de indivíduos com periodontite crônica. Foram utilizadas 84 cepas de microrganismos, incluindo Enterobacteriaceae (n = 25), Staphylococcus spp. (n = 25), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 9) e Candida spp. (n = 25). A CIM foi determinada pelo método de diluição em ágar Müeller-Hinton. Staphylococcus foram os microrganismos mais sensíveis a minociclina com CIM de 8 &micro;g/mL, seguidos por Enterobacteriaceae com CIM de 16 &micro;g/mL. Entre as espécies de Candida, 96% foram inibidas na concentração de 16 &micro;g/mL. Para 88,8% das cepas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa a CIM foi de 128 &micro;g/mL. A concentração de 1.000 &micro;g/mL não foi suficiente para inibir 100% das cepas testadas

In vitro adherence of Candida albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis

Adherence is considered an extremely important virulence factor in yeast. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the adherence to epithelial cells of C. albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis in comparison to healthy patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Candida albicans cells isolated from individuals with chronic periodontitis (n=25) and healthy controls (n=25) were included in this study. Suspensions of C. albicans (10(6) cells/mL) and epithelial cells (10(5) cells/mL) were mixed and incubated at 37ºC for 1 h. The number of yeasts adhered to 25 epithelial cells was counted. RESULTS: The number of C. albicans cells adhered to epithelial cells was statistically higher in the chronic periodontitis group than in the control group (Student's t-test, p=0.000). CONCLUSION:The results of the present study suggest a higher Candida adherence of samples isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis