Revealing the Role of Higher Education in a Diverse Democracy: A Theory of College Student Political Identity Development

ABSTRACT REVEALING THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN A DIVERSE DEMOCRACY: A THEORY OF COLLEGE STUDENT POLITICAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT Demetri L. Morgan J. Matthew Hartley This dissertation sought to investigate how students make meaning of their curricular and cocurricular educational experiences while in college to better theorize how and why these experiences influence the development of their political identity. To date, research has shown that people who attend college are more likely to be civically and politically engaged compared to those who do not attend college. Yet few studies have sought to ascertain what about the totality of a person’s college experiences lead to these outcomes. Using multiple qualitative data sources and constructivist grounded theory analysis, this study develops a framework to explain the intrapersonal process of developing a political identity in college. Additionally, drawing on data sources that illuminate the socio-political environment of the state as well as aspects of the institutions’ culture, this study provides new insights into the ways in which a student’s political identity is shaped by the political culture of an institution and state. This led to the production of a theory that argues that postsecondary institutions can be critical democratic institutions that remediate or perpetuate political inequities in society in nuanced ways. Implications and future research that stem from this theory are relevant to faculty, student affairs professionals, students, policymakers, and those concerned with higher education’s role in a diverse democracy

The Realities of Experience:

n/

Substituted phenylarsonic acids; structures and spectroscopy

Full NMR and ESI-MS spectra, and differential scanning calorimeter data are presented for 15 substituted phenylarsonic acids, including two new fluoro-substituted examples. X-ray crystal structure determinations of five examples (phenylarsonic acid and the 4-fluoro-, 4-fluoro-3-nitro-, 3-amino-4-hydroxy- and 3-amino-4-methoxy-substituted derivatives) were determined and the H-bonding crystal-packing patterns analysed

V. On the terms Force and Energy

n/

Do Sales Matter? Evidence from UK Food Retailing

This paper assesses the role of sales as a feature of price dynamics using scanner data. The study analyses a unique, high frequency panel of supermarket prices consisting of over 230,000 weekly price observations on around 500 products in 15 categories of food stocked by the UK’s seven largest retail chains. In all, 1,700 weekly time series are available at the barcode-specific level including branded and own-label products. The data allows the frequency, magnitude and duration of sales to be analysed in greater detail than has hitherto been possible with UK data. The main results are: (i) sales are a key feature of aggregate price variation with around 40 per cent of price variation being accounted for by sales once price differences for each UPC level across the major retailers are accounted for; (ii) much of the price variation that is observed in the UK food retailing sector is accounted for by price differences between retailers; (iii) only a small proportion of price variation that is observed in UK food retailing is common across the major retailers suggesting that cost shocks originating at the manufacturing level is not one of the main sources of price variation in the UK; (iv) own-label products also exhibit considerable sales behaviour though this is less important than sales for branded goods; and (v) there is some evidence of coordination in the timing of sales across retailers insofar as the probability of a sale at the UPC level at a given retailer increases if the product is also on sale at another retailer.Sales, price variation, retail, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, L16, L66, Q13.,

Buyer power in U.K. food retailing: a 'first-pass' test

Habtu Weldegebriel, University of Warwick Abstract The potential existence of buyer power in U.K. food retailing has attracted the scrutiny of the U.K.'s anti-trust authorities, culminating in the second of two comprehensive regulatory inquiries in recent years. Such inquiries are authoritative but correspondingly time-consuming and costly. Moreover, detection of buyer power has been dogged by the paucity of reliable evidence of its existence. In this paper, we present a simple theoretical model of oligopsony which delivers quasi-reduced form retailer-producer pricing equations with which the null of perfect competition can be tested using readily available market data. Using a cointegrated vector autoregression, we find empirical results that show the null of perfect competition can be rejected in seven of the nine food products investigated. Though not conclusive on the existence of buyer power, the proposed test offers a means via which the behaviour of the retail-producer price spread is consistent with it. At the very least, it can corroborate the concerns of the anti-trust authorities as to whether buyer power is potentially one source of concern

Buyer Market Power in UK Food Retailing

The potential existence of buyer market power in UK food retailing has attracted the scrutiny of the UK's anti-trust authorities, culminating in the decision to launch the second of two comprehensive regulatory inquiries in recent years. Throughout, detection of buyer power has been dogged by the paucity of reliable evidence of its existence. In this paper we present a simple theoretical model of oligopsony which delivers quasireduced form retailer-producer pricing equations in which the presence of market power can be detected using readily available market data. Using a cointegrated vector autoregression, we find empirical results that are consistent with the presence of oligopsony power in all six food products investigated.Buyer power, Cointegrated VARs, UK food industry, Agribusiness, Consumer/Household Economics,

Dynamics of Food Price Inflation Across the EU

Against the backdrop of recent price spikes on world commodity markets, retail food inflation has varied considerably across EU Member States despite the existence of a range of common policies and, for some Member States, a common currency. In this paper, we investigate the extent and potential causes of the differences in the experience of food inflation through the lens of a single well-defined product chain in 11 EU Member States. Using a structural VAR framework, we find that the contribution of world prices to the behaviour of retail bread prices shows significant differences across the EU Member States we cover. Differences in the functioning of the food sector (particularly barriers to competition and vertical control) appear to be correlated with the role played world prices, highlighting the importance of such structural features in commodity price transmission