A Novel Family of Adaptive Filtering Algorithms Based on The Logarithmic Cost

We introduce a novel family of adaptive filtering algorithms based on a relative logarithmic cost. The new family intrinsically combines the higher and lower order measures of the error into a single continuous update based on the error amount. We introduce important members of this family of algorithms such as the least mean logarithmic square (LMLS) and least logarithmic absolute difference (LLAD) algorithms that improve the convergence performance of the conventional algorithms. However, our approach and analysis are generic such that they cover other well-known cost functions as described in the paper. The LMLS algorithm achieves comparable convergence performance with the least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm and extends the stability bound on the step size. The LLAD and least mean square (LMS) algorithms demonstrate similar convergence performance in impulse-free noise environments while the LLAD algorithm is robust against impulsive interferences and outperforms the sign algorithm (SA). We analyze the transient, steady state and tracking performance of the introduced algorithms and demonstrate the match of the theoretical analyzes and simulation results. We show the extended stability bound of the LMLS algorithm and analyze the robustness of the LLAD algorithm against impulsive interferences. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of our algorithms in different scenarios through numerical examples.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processin

The Impact of Income and Family Structure on Delinquency

There is no more important issue in the economics of the family than the impact of parents on the behavior of their children. By providing rewards and imposing constraints, parents seek to affect their children’s behavior. The explanation of these actions is that the child’s conduct directly enters into the parent’s utility function. In this paper, we use that framework to explore the role of parental control over his or her child’s delinquent behavior. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we estimate the impact of family income and various dimensions of family structure on a youth’s contact with the criminal justice system between the ages of 14 and 22. From this analysis, we conclude that the single most important factor affecting these measures of delinquency is the presence of his father in the home. All other factors, including family income, are much less important.family structure; delinquency; role of fathers; role of mothers

Improved convergence performance of adaptive algorithms through logarithmic cost

We present a novel family of adaptive filtering algorithms based on a relative logarithmic cost. The new family intrinsically combines the higher and lower order measures of the error into a single continuous update based on the error amount. We introduce the least mean logarithmic square (LMLS) algorithm that achieves comparable convergence performance with the least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm and overcomes the stability issues of the LMF algorithm. In addition, we introduce the least logarithmic absolute difference (LLAD) algorithm. The LLAD and least mean square (LMS) algorithms demonstrate similar convergence performance in impulse-free noise environments while the LLAD algorithm is robust against impulsive interference and outperforms the sign algorithm (SA). © 2014 IEEE

A multiprocessor implementation of a contextual image processing algorithm

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

The Abbasid translation movement in context : contemporary voices on translation

Over the decades, an enormous amount of scholarly work has been devoted to the historical and literary context of the Greek-Arabic translations. Without it, we would not be able to answer vital questions about dating and translators. Analysing the few remaining primary sources we have, it sometimes even allows us to reconstruct details such as addressees and the purpose of particular translations. Textual comparison plays a prominent role in contextualisation, often leading to judgements about a translation's quality and "faithfulness" or "equivalence" to a source text. But there is another aspect of a translation's context that we need to know about before we can assess a particular text: theories or concepts of translation prevalent during the Greek-Arabic translation movement

Three notes on Canu Urien

This paper discusses three terms in the run of englynion known as Canu Urien which have given rise to discussion and debate: the meaning of llad ‘strike’ or ‘kill’; the precise sense of two related phrases ry’m gallat and ry’m gallas; and what is meant by the geographical term Erechwyd or Yr Echwyd. In doing do, it draws on a wide range of evidence from other medieval Welsh prose and verse, and in one case also contributes to the understanding of a Middle Cornish verb