The use of rapeseed oil in the diet of carp and tench as a factor thataffecting meat quality

Месо шарана, најзаступљеније врсте рибе на рибњацима у Републици Србији, али и других ципринидних врста, представља значајан нутритивни извор n-3 високо незасићених масних киселина, које имају важну улогу на здравље људи. У раду су испитани фактори који делују на хемијски и маснокиселински састав меса шарана и других ципринидних врста које се гаје на подручју Србије. Установљено је да је садржај масти и маснокисeлински састав риба су под утицајем врсте рибе, чак и када припадају истој фамилији, различитих фактора животне средине, начина гајења, а посебно начина исхране. Утврђен је значај добре технологије производње на рибњаку за одговарајућу структуру планктонских и бентосних организама, што игра велику улогу у добијању меса шарана, али и других ципринидних врста, које се могу гајити у поликултури са њим, доброг хемијског и маснокиселинског састава. Указано је на значај који формулисане смеше имају у исхрани риба на њихово здравствено стање, производне параметре и квалитет меса. Извршено је испитивање замене компоненти анималног порекла са алтернативним компонентама биљног порекла и добијени су задовољавајући резултати у погледу производних перформанси и умерених промена квалитета меса, када је у питању маснокиселински ДВМ Драгана Љубојевић Коришћење репичиног уља у исхрани шарана и лињака као фактора променa квалитета меса iii састав. Анализом седимента, воде у рибњацима, као и меса риба из рибњака и отворених вода установљен је степен загађености животне средине. Представљен је нови производ од меса шарана и других ципринидних риба. По први пут је успостављена ћелијска култура масног ткива шарана, која омогућава анализирање молекуларних и биохемијских механизама који се не могу изучавати на живим рибама, који настају као последица промена у исхрани.Meso šarana, najzastupljenije vrste ribe na ribnjacima u Republici Srbiji, ali i drugih ciprinidnih vrsta, predstavlja značajan nutritivni izvor n-3 visoko nezasićenih masnih kiselina, koje imaju važnu ulogu na zdravlje ljudi. U radu su ispitani faktori koji deluju na hemijski i masnokiselinski sastav mesa šarana i drugih ciprinidnih vrsta koje se gaje na području Srbije. Ustanovljeno je da je sadržaj masti i masnokiselinski sastav riba su pod uticajem vrste ribe, čak i kada pripadaju istoj familiji, različitih faktora životne sredine, načina gajenja, a posebno načina ishrane. Utvrđen je značaj dobre tehnologije proizvodnje na ribnjaku za odgovarajuću strukturu planktonskih i bentosnih organizama, što igra veliku ulogu u dobijanju mesa šarana, ali i drugih ciprinidnih vrsta, koje se mogu gajiti u polikulturi sa njim, dobrog hemijskog i masnokiselinskog sastava. Ukazano je na značaj koji formulisane smeše imaju u ishrani riba na njihovo zdravstveno stanje, proizvodne parametre i kvalitet mesa. Izvršeno je ispitivanje zamene komponenti animalnog porekla sa alternativnim komponentama biljnog porekla i dobijeni su zadovoljavajući rezultati u pogledu proizvodnih performansi i umerenih promena kvaliteta mesa, kada je u pitanju masnokiselinski DVM Dragana LJubojević Korišćenje repičinog ulja u ishrani šarana i linjaka kao faktora promena kvaliteta mesa iii sastav. Analizom sedimenta, vode u ribnjacima, kao i mesa riba iz ribnjaka i otvorenih voda ustanovljen je stepen zagađenosti životne sredine. Predstavljen je novi proizvod od mesa šarana i drugih ciprinidnih riba. Po prvi put je uspostavljena ćelijska kultura masnog tkiva šarana, koja omogućava analiziranje molekularnih i biohemijskih mehanizama koji se ne mogu izučavati na živim ribama, koji nastaju kao posledica promena u ishrani.Meat of common carp, the most common fish species which is farmed in the Republic of Serbia and meat of other cyprinid species, represent an important nutritional source of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, which play an important role in human health. This paper examined the factors that affect the chemical and fatty acid composition of carp and other cyprinid species that are grown in Serbia. It was found that the fat content and fatty acid composition of fish are influenced by fish species, even when they belong to the same family, and also by different environmental factors of cultivation, especially by diet. It was established the importance of proper rearing technology in the pond for the appropriate structure of planktonic and benthic organisms, which play a significant role in getting carp meat, and meat of other cyprinid species that can be grown in polyculture with carp of desirable chemical and fatty acid composition. It was pointed out on the significance of formulated feed mixtures in fish nutrition on fish health, production parameters and meat quality. An investigation was done on replacing components of animal origin with alternative components of plant origin and satisfactory results were obtained in terms of production performance and moderate changes in the quality of meat, regarding to fatty acid composition. The degree of environmental pollution was established by analysis of sediment and water in the ponds, and the flesh of fish from ponds and open water. The new food product made from fish meat was presented. For the first time, it was established cell cultures carp preadipocytes, which allows analysis of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms that arise as a result of ДВМ Драгана Љубојевић

Probiotics in carp fish nutrition

Uncontrolled use of antibiotics in aquaculture caused the appearance and spreading of pathogens resistance to antibiotics, what consequently drove up to the necesity of finding new technologies for protecting aquatic organisms from pathogens. Probiotics are aimed to reduce antibiotics application, and furthermore they have an important role not only in disease prevention but also in efficiency of food utilization and improvement of production parameters. Carp fish species are economically most significant in Republic of Serbia, therefore this work summarizes the results of previous studies of antibiotics application in this kind in particular. There is also pointed out to numerous harmful side effects of antibiotics use in aquaculture, and described the previous results of investigations on mechanism of probiotics effects and specificity of their use in this field as well. Beside this, there are summarized the results that show positive influence of probiotics in cyprinides nutrition on production performance, haematological parameters, course of experimental infection, activity of digestive enzymes. Special attention is paid to criteria for proper selection of probiotics in cyprinides production. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TP 31011: Uticaj kvaliteta komponenata u ishrani ciprinida na kvalitet mesa, gubitke i ekonomičnost proizvodnje

Istraživanje sposobnosti tvorbe biofilma u sojeva Salmonella enterica serovar Tennessee izdvojenih iz hrane za životinje

Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Tennessee was the most frequent Salmonella serovar isolated from plant-based animal feed throughout a two-year period (2012-2013) of research conducted in the region of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. In this study, the ability of biofilm formation was investigated on 20 isolates of S. Tennessee. The starting point for this research was the established biofilm-forming ability of serovar Tennessee strains, which significantly contributes to their wide distribution in the environment (plant materials), and hence in animal feed. In this study, biofilm formation was investigated on polystyrene (microplate biofilm assay) and stainless steel (scanning electron microscopy) surfaces by culturing in Luria Bertani broth (LB) and Triptone Soya Broth (TSB). The expression of major matrix components of Salmonella biofilm (curli fimbriae and cellulose) was examined by cultivation on Congo Red agar. All isolates of S. Tennessee produced a biofilm on a polystyrene surface in a microtiter plate test, by cultivation in LB at an incubation temperature of 20 °C. Scanning electron microscopy revealed biofilm formation of S. Tennessee on a stainless steel surface by cultivation in LB, but not in TSB. The expression of curli fimbriae and cellulose, as well as the formation of characteristic “rdar” colonies on Congo Red agar has been observed in all isolates of S. Tennessee. This serovar is not specifically adapted to humans and animals, so the available epidemiological data do not indicate its major implication in food-borne infection outbreaks. However, this serovar manifests a pronounced ability for adherence to plant surfaces, biofilm formation and increased resistance to long-term desiccation, which is the most likely explanation for its frequent identification in low water activity feed.Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Tennessee bio je najčešće ustanovljen u hrani za životinje biljnog podrijetla u dvogodišnjem razdoblju istraživanja (2012. – 2013.) na području Autonomne pokrajine Vojvodine. Istražena je sposobnost proizvodnje biofilma kod 20 izolata serovara Tennessee, s polaznom pretpostavkom da sojevi toga serovara imaju dobru sposobnost tvorbe biofilma i da ta osobina značajno doprinosi njihovoj rasprostranjenosti u prirodnom okruženju (biljna materija), a posljedično i u hrani za životinje. Biofilm je bio proizveden na površinama od polistirena (test na mikrotitracijskim pliticama) i nehrđajućeg čelika (skenirajuća elektronska mikroskopija) uzgojem u Luria Bertani bujonu (LB) i tripton soja bujonu (TSB). Ekspresija glavnih komponenti matriksa biofilma salmonela (fimbrije i celuloza) istražena je uzgojem izolata na agaru s kongo crvenilom. Svi izolati serovara Tennessee tvorili su biofilm na površini polistirena u testu na mikrotitracijskim pliticama, uzgojem u LB na temperaturi inkubacije od 20 °C. Skenirajućom elektronskom mikroskopijom, na površini nehrđajućeg čelika ustanovljena je proizvodnja biofilma uzgojem u LB, ali ne i u TSB. Svi izolati tvorili su kovrčave fimbrije i celulozu te oblikovali kolonije karakterističnog rdar morfotipa na agaru s kongo crvenilom. Serovar Tennessee nije specifično adaptiran na ljude i životinje i prema epidemiološkim podatcima nema osobito značenje u pojavi hranom prenosivih infekcija. Međutim, on posjeduje izraženu sposobnost adherencije na površinu biljaka, sposobnost produkcije biofilma i otpornost na isušivanje, što vjerojatno doprinosi njegovom čestom nalazu u hrani za životinje s niskim sadržajem vlage

Coexistence of Anogenital Psoriasis and Genital Warts – Is There an Optimal Treatment?

A 21-year-old female student with a 3-month history of mild psoriasis (erythematosquamous plaque on the elbows and nail pitting on the nails of the hand) was referred to our Department. One month earlier, suddenly appearance of erythematous, smooth, clearly demarcated plaques was observed on the labia majora, the mons pubis, the perineal and perianal region together with a brownish hyperkera-totic papule on the pubic region (Figure 1, a-b). The patient underwent excisional biopsy at the Department of Surgery, and the pathohistological finding was unavailable to us. The elbows were treated with corticosteroid-keratolytic preparation, whereas the anogenital lesions were treated with moderately potent topical corticosteroids. In addition to anogeni-tal erythema, on clinical examination we noticed an erythematosquamous plaque on the site of excision with a hyperkeratotic verrucous papule on the edge of the lesion (the Koebner phenomenon on the site of skin injury). In the pubic region, we noticed two hyperkeratotic papules and a few verrucous papules on labia majora. Localized dermatophyte or candida infection were excluded with a KOH test and scrapings culture. Serology for syphilis, HIV, and hepatitis were negative. Cervical Pap smear was normal. Biop-sy of erythematosus lesion from the mons pubis was conclusive for psoriasis, and of the keratotic papule with the genital wart with positive HPV 6 and 11. The patient’s older sister had chronic plaque psoriasis

Autoimmune Progesterone Dermatitis Diagnosed by Lymphocyte Transformation Test and Progesterone Provocation Test

No abstract available.</p

Autoimmune Progesterone Dermatitis Diagnosed by Lymphocyte Transformation Test and Progesterone Provocation Test

No abstract available.</p

Uticaj antibiotika koji se koriste kao stimulatori rasta kod životinja na rezistenciju bakterija

For decades intensive husbandry has more or less been based on the use of antibiotics in sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) aimed at growth promotion. Continuous exposure of animal intestinal microbiota, including opportunistic zoonotic pathogens, to sub-MIC poses a pressure to selection and spread of bacteria strains with developed mechanism of antibiotic resistance. These bacteria may be transferred to people either by direct contact with farm animals or indirectly, via the food chain. Although in the EU a ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters was imposed in 2006, in many countries, including the largest producers and consumers of antibiotics in the world, it has yet to be done. Given that we are faced with a global problem of the loss of the efficacy of several antibiotic classes which are available for the treatment of human bacterial infections, it is unacceptable that antibiotic use in husbandry is not under global control. Reduction in antibiotic use in clinical practice in human medicine remains in dispute, but non-therapeutic use in husbandry remains a field in which much can be done to contribute substantially to the extension of antibiotic effectiveness and health care of future generations.Intenzivna stočarska proizvodnja se decenijama u većoj ili manjoj meri bazira na upotrebi antibiotika u subinhibitornim koncentracijama za promociju rasta. Kontinuirano izlaganje mikrobiota digestivnog trakta životinja (uključujući i oportunističke zoonotske patogene) sub-inhibitornim koncentracijama antibiotika, predstavlja pritisak na selekciju i širenje sojeva bakterija sa mehanizmima rezistencije na antibiotike. Na ljude se ove bakterije mogu preneti direktnim kontaktom sa farmskim životinjama ili na posredan način, preko lanca ishrane. Iako je u zemljama Evropske unije upotreba antibiotika za promociju rasta životinja zabranjena 2006. godine, u mnogim državama, uključujući najveće proizvođače i potrošače antibiotika u svetu, ova praksa se zadržala do danas. Gubitak efikasnosti antibiotika koji su trenutno na raspolaganju za lečenje bakterijskih infekcija kod ljudi je rastući problem, zbog čega je neprihvatljivo da upotreba antibiotika u stočarskoj proizvodnji nije pod globalnom kontrolom. Klinička praksa u humanoj medicini ostavlja diskutabilan prostor za redukciju primene antibiotika, ali je neterapeutska upotreba u stočarstvu oblast u okviru koje se može značajno doprineti produžavanju veka upotrebljivosti pojedinih klasa antibiotika i očuvanju zdravlja budućih generacija

Salmonella spp. u hrani za kućne ljubimce i rizik koji predstavlja za zdravlje ljudi

Commercial feed intended for dogs and cats is an almost unrecognised source of human infection with various serovars of Salmonella enterica. However, people may catch the infection both via direct contact with contaminated pet feed and by contact with pets, which usually shed Salmonella without signs of infection. A relatively new trend of feeding dogs and cats with raw feed is considered to be a special risk owing to the fact that it usually contains foodborne pathogens, such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Campylobacter spp. Nonetheless, the epidemiological data do not support this idea. In the current review relevant data on the significance of pet feed in the outbreak of human salmonellosis are discussed and the recommendations for the prevention of the infection originating from these sources are suggested.Komercijalna hrana za pse i mačke je skoro nepoznat izvor infekcije ljudi bakterijama iz roda Salmonella. Ljudi se mogu inficirati direktnim kontaktom sa kontaminiranom hranom za kućne ljubimce ili kontaktom sa kućnim ljubimcima koji uobičajeno izlučuju salmonele bez kliničkih znakova infekcije. Iako se novi trend ishrane pasa i mačaka sirovom hranom sa tog aspekta razmatra kao poseban rizik (jer ova hrana uobičajeno sadrži hranom prenosive patogene kao što su Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli i Campylobacter spp.), epidemiološki podaci ne podržavaju ovakav stav. U ovom radu sumiramo relevatne podatke o značaju hrane za kućne ljubimce u pojavi salmoneloza ljudi, kao i preporuke za prevenciju pojave infekcija izazvanih salmonelama iz ovog izvora

Geni rezistencije na antibiotike kod bakterija u zemljištu i uticaj primene organskog đubriva na njihovu prevalenciju i horzontalni transfer

All natural antibiotics available to modern medicine are products of soil-dwelling bacteria and fungi. In addition, all resistance genes which are being detected in human pathogens existed in soil bacteria even before antibiotics were discovered and brought into use. However, the concentrations of natural antibiotics in soil are usually subinhibitory - insufficient for the selection of resistant subpopulations of microorganisms. The consumption of organic fertilisers for agricultural soil amendment increases proportionally to the consumers' growing demand for organically produced food. Manure originating from industrial pig, cattle and poultry farms is not only the source of nutrients which stimulate the vital functions of soil microorganisms, but also of antibiotics and bacteria harbouring various resistance mechanisms. The application of organic fertilizer leads to disruption of the natural balance between bacterial communities in the soil through several mechanisms, and influences the increase in the prevalence of resistance genes and promotes their horizontal transfer. Whether as-yet-unknown resistance genes in soil bacteria may pose threat to human health if transferred from commensal bacteria in the environment to pathogen species, or migrate to clinical settings via food chain or in some other possible route - remains an open question.Svi prirodni antibiotici koji su na raspolaganju savremenoj medicini su produkti bakterija i glivica kojima je zemljište prirodno stanište, a svi geni rezistencije koji se danas ustanovljavaju kod humanih patogena postojali su kod bakterija u zemljištu i pre otkrića i upotrebe antibiotika. Međutim, koncentracije prirodnih antibiotika u zemljištu uobičajeno su na nivou subihnibitornih, a time i nedovoljne za selekciju rezistentnih subpopulacija mikroorganizama. Upotreba organskog đubriva za fertilizaciju poljoprivrednog zemljišta, povećava se srazmerno porastu zahteva potrošača za organski proizvednom hranom. Organsko đubrivo poreklom sa industrijalizovanih farmi svinja, goveda i živine, nije samo izvor nutrijenata koji podstiču životne funkcije mikroorganizama u zemljištu, već i antibiotika i bakterija sa raznovrsnim mehanizmima rezistencije. Dodavanje organskog đubriva preko više mehanizama remeti prirodnu ravnotežu zajednice bakterija u zemljištu, utiče na porast prevalencije gena rezistencije i podstiče njihov horizontalni transfer. Otvoreno je pitanje da li do sada neotkriveni geni rezistencije zemljišnih bakterija mogu biti nova pretnja ljudskom zdravlju ukoliko se prenesu sa komensalnih bakterija iz okruženja na patogene vrste, ili lancem ishrane i drugim mogućim putevima, migriraju u kliničke uslove