24 research outputs found
Neutron Detection in the A2 Collaboration Experiment on Neutral Pion Photo-production on Neutron
Neutron detection is of crucial importance for the neutral pion photo-production study on a neutron target that now is in progress at MAMI. Two electro-magnetic calorimeters, based on NaI and BaF2 crystals, are used in the A2 experiment. While these calorimeters are optimized for pion decay photon detection, they have a reason able efficiency for neutron detection also. The paper describes the method, which has been used to measure this efficiency using the same data taken for pion photo-production study on deuterium target with tagged photon been of 800 MeV maximal energy. The detection efficiency is a rising function of neutron momentum that reaches 40% near 1 GeV/c
BIOGAS PURIFICATION WITH CHLORELLA VULGARIS
The article is dedicated to the problem of cleaning biogas from CO2. A literary analysis of the prospect of using the microalga Chlorella vulgaris as an agent in the biological method of biogas purification has been carried out. The possibility of a joint technology for obtaining purified biogas and feed additives in the form of a suspension of microalgae, as valuable components from the point of view of commercial benefits, is considered. The potential for using biogas and the factors constraining the growth of the biogas industry in Russia are assessed.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π°Π·Π° ΠΎΡ CO2. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Chlorella vulgaris ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π°Π·Π°. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π°Π·Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π°Π·Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
Multiwalled carbon nanotube destruction in the radiation damages to electron irradiation
Behavior of the X-ray diffraction and vibrational Raman spectra of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) under high-energy electron irradiation (Ee = 1.8 MeV) with large doses of absorption to 10 MGy were studied. With increasing dose uptake to 10.0 MGy, the interlayer correlation in the distribution of the individual graphene nanotubes nets not only is maintained, but is even improved. Defective bands D, D' and G band with increasing dose absorption have significant transformation, which show radiation damages of MWCNT. The destruction of nanotubes under electron irradiation is accompanied by increased regulation in the arrangement of individual nanotubes by interlayer cross-links involving interstitial atoms. The severity of degradation and cross-linking of MWCNT depends on the electron absorption dose
Platinum Based Nanoparticles Produced by a Pulsed Spark Discharge as a Promising Material for Gas Sensors
We have applied spark ablation technology for producing nanoparticles from platinum ingots (purity of 99.97 wt. %) as a feed material by using air as a carrier gas. A maximum production rate of about 400 mg/h was achieved with an energy per pulse of 0.5 J and a pulse repetition rate of 250 Hz. The synthesized nanomaterial, composed of an amorphous platinum oxide PtO (83 wt. %) and a crystalline metallic platinum (17 wt. %), was used for formulating functional colloidal ink. Annealing of the deposited ink at 750 Β°C resulted in the formation of a polycrystalline material comprising 99.7 wt. % of platinum. To demonstrate the possibility of application of the formulated ink in printed electronics, we have patterned conductive lines and microheaters on alumina substrates and 20 ΞΌm thick low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) membranes with the use of aerosol jet printing technology. The power consumption of microheaters fabricated on LTCC membranes was found to be about 140 mW at a temperature of the hot part of 500 Β°C, thus allowing one to consider these structures as promising micro-hotplates for metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors. The catalytic activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was demonstrated by measuring the resistance transients of the non-sintered microheaters upon exposure to 2500 ppm of hydrogen