Study of high temperature and high density plasmoids in axially symmetrical magnetic fields

Within the framework of an Institutional Partnership of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novisibirsk (BINP) and Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf worked together in a joint project devoted to the research at the coupled GDT-SHIP facility of the BINP with the focus on the study of plasma phenomena within the SHIP mirror section. The project began at July 1st, 2005 and ended on August 30th, 2008. It included work packages of significant theoretical, computational and analyzing investigations. The focus of this final report is on the presentation of results achieved whereas the work that was done is described briefly only. Chapter 2 illustrates the GDT-SHIP facility and describes shortly the planned topics of the SHIP plasma research. Chapter 3 explains the main extensions and modifications of the Integrated Transport Code System (ITCS) which were necessary for the calculations of the fast ion and neutral gas particle fields in SHIP, describes briefly the scheme of computations and presents significant results of pre-calculations from which conclusions were drawn regarding the experimental program of SHIP. In chapter 4, the theoretical and computational investigations of self-organizing processes in two-component plasmas of the GDT-SHIP device are explained and the results hitherto achieved are presented. In chapter 5, significant results of several experiments with moderate and with enhanced plasma parameters are presented and compared with computational results obtained with the ITCS. Preparing neutron measurements which are planned for neutron producing experiments with deuterium injection, Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations with the MCNP code were also carried out. The results are presented. Finally, from the results obtained within the joint research project important conclusions are drawn in chapter 6

Оценка офтальмотоксического воздействия квантовых точек и биоконъюгатов на их основе в аспекте перспектив лечения резистентных эндофтальмитов. Экспериментальное исследование (1-й этап)

Endophthalmitis remains one of the most formidable complications of surgery in ophthalmology, leading to significant functional and anatomical changes. The "gold" standard of treatment for this pathology is the installation of intravenous injections of antibacterial drugs, but taking into account the number and type of pathogens, the growth of antibiotic resistance, the search for alternative methods of treatment of endophthalmitis remains relevant. Colloidal quantum dots, which are nanoscale semiconductor crystals with simulated optical and electronic properties due to changes in their volume, composition, and surface connections, are of interest for research in this direction. This article presents the process of synthesis of CT and bioconjugates based on them in order to assess ophthalmotoxicity with the prospect of further use in the treatment of endophthalmitis. The study was divided into 4 stages, starting with the determination of the required technical specification in order to select the appropriate type of quantum dots taking into account the physical and chemical characteristics (Stage 1), the synthesis of quantum dots (Stage 2), the preparation and titration of a solution of quantum dots of various concentrations for implantation in the vitreous cavity (Stage 3). The final stage was to evaluate the toxic effect of the quantum dot solution in its pure form, as well as in combination with antibiotics (ceftazidime and vancomycin) when administered intravitreally on an animal model. As a result of the study, quantum dots were synthesized and a solution based on them was obtained for introduction into the vitreous cavity. Based on the testing of the animal model (rabbits), a safe dose of the solution was determined, as well as the possibility of its use in combination with antibiotics. © 2021 Ophthalmology Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Современная роль и перспективы электрофизиологических методов исследования в офтальмологии. Обзор литературы

Electrophysiological research today remains an important method for the objective assessment of the functional state of the components of the visual analyzer. There are methods, for example, OCT, that can objectively assess the structural and anatomical integrity of the retina, however, only indirectly shows functional activity. The undoubted advantage of EFR is the ability, excluding the subjectivity of the subject, to perform a functional topographic assessment of the malfunction of all systems of the visual analyzer. Private electrophysiology of the vision organ is represented by a variety of methods for recording the electrobiological activity of the cells of the visual analyzer: ERG, EOG, VEP, mfERG (multifocal electroretinography), and each option is directed to a separate part of it, therefore, to complete the picture, in particular in research works on animal models may use several techniques. In general, the limitation of EFR is its complexity and many confounding factors that can affect the result, ranging from stimulation parameters to the state of the patient himself. At the same time, the main area of prospective use of electrophysiological research is differential diagnosis, preclinical toxicology and scientific and experimental models. However, in recent decades, the active introduction of registration methods, including the appearance of multifocal electroretinography, as well as changes in the conditions of electrophysiological studies, open up new possibilities for the future evolution of the method. Classical methods for evaluating EFR data, taking into account the growth of data flow, do not provide detailed qualitative and quantitative information about the state of the visual analyzer. This leaves the possibility and the need for the study, optimization and algorithmization of the assessment data of the differentiated criteria inherent for a particular ocular pathology. EFRs require simpler and more adapted protocols for clinical practice, allowing a strictly differentiated approach to the smallest anatomical and functional changes, based on open databases and modern adaptation based on artificial intelligence. © 2020 Ophthalmology Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Оценка офтальмотоксического воздействия квантовых точек InP/ZnSe/ZnS 660 и биоконъюгатов на их основе в аспекте перспектив лечения резистентных эндофтальмитов. Экспериментальное исследование. Часть 2 (1-й этап)

The problem of chemo/antibiotic resistance in modern medicine remains relevant today. The sensitivity of microorganisms (MO) determines the range of drugs used, which ultimately affects the effectiveness of treatment and the prognosis for the patient. However, taking into account the adaptation process of individual strains of MO, the uncontrolled use of antibiotics will inevitably lead to the maintenance of the so-called crisis of antibiotic resistance throughout the world, as well as the formation of a vicious circle that reduces the functional and anatomical outcomes of the treatment of any inflammatory diseases, including ophthalmological ones. This article presents the process of experimental creation and certification, assessment of the physicochemical properties of quantum dots, as well as biological nanoconjugates as an option for overcoming the antibiotic resistance of certain strains of microorganisms in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory pathology in ophthalmology, in particular endophthalmitis. Also, an animal model has demonstrated the safety of using InP / ZnSe / ZnS 660 quantum dot solutions for intravitreal administration in pure form and in combination with antibiotics. © 2021 Ophthalmology Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Laboratory Analysis of the Anti-Infectious Activity of Quantum Dots and Bioconjugates Based on Them in the Aspect of the Prospects for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases of the Eye. Experimental Research (Part 3)

This article presents the third part of an experimental study on the prospects and possibilities of using quantum dots and bioconjugates created on their basis in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the eye. Taking into account the previously obtained results on the possibility of “safe” use of CdTe/Cd and InP/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots on an animal model under conditions of intravitreal administration, the aim of the current stage was to analyze their antimicrobial activity in a bacteriological laboratory. Materials and methods. As QDs, we took two types of artificial fluorophores capable of generating superoxide radicals synthesized according to a special technical assignment at the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Research Institute of Applied Acoustics”, Dubna, Moscow Region: type 1 - colloidal solution of QD CdTe/Cd MPA 710 10 % of the mass. Type 2 - colloidal solution of QD InP/ZnSe/ZnS 650 10 % wt. The study included “museum” and nosocomial strains of microorganisms, and the activity of points was assessed using the disk-diffusion method, followed by an assessment of the zones of inhibition of bacterial growth. Concentrations of 0.1 %, 0.01 %, and 0.001 % quantum dots were tested, as well as solutions of bioconjugates (antibiotic + quantum dots) of Vancomycin, Levofloxacin, Ceftazidime and Cefotaxime. Results. Based on the data obtained, it was concluded that quantum dots potentiate the action of the sensitivity of individual microorganisms, both outpatient and hospital strains. © 2022 Ophthalmology Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Лидерство руководителя региона: компетенции, психология, средства развития

Introduction. The article presents the results of research on the transformation of the political system of modern Russia, updating regional governance and analyzing the personalities of regional leaders, the process of replacing governors of the «old» generation with those of the «new» generation, meeting the requirements of the federal government and the expectations of the population, the correspondence of the personal qualities of governors to the challenges of our time.Purpose setting. The purpose of the study is to determine the types of leadership of heads of Russian regions and to define the current factors of their formation.Methodology and methods of study. The research is based on studying the nature of leadership behavior of regional leaders in modern Russia. The data obtained are correlated with strategic objectives in the field of training management personnel responsible for regional development, the features of the managerial style and positioning of governors are considered, as well as the influence of these factors on economic development and the formation of the image of the region is evaluated.Results. The authors of the study found that at the moment in Russia a corps of governors of the «new wave» is actively being formed, which are characterized by such features of image and behavior as active communication with the population (including through social networks), involvement in the implementation of the state agenda and the opportunity lobbying for the interests of the region, readiness to quickly respond to events and appeals, involvement in resolving issues related to the special military operation.Conclusion. As an example of the effective manifestation of leadership of the head of the region, the leadership style of the governor of the Omsk Oblast V. P. Khotsenko is considered.Введение. В статье представлены результаты исследований относительно трансформации политической системы современной России, обновления регионального управления и анализа личностей региональных лидеров, процесса смены губернаторов «старого» поколения губернаторами «нового» поколения, выполнения требований со стороны федеральной власти и ожиданий населения, соответствия личностных качеств губернаторов вызовам современности.Постановка задачи. Цель исследования – определение типов лидерства руководителей российских регионов и актуальных факторов их формирования.Методика и методология исследования. В основу исследования положено изучение характера лидерского поведения руководителей регионов в современной России. Полученные данные соотносятся со стратегическими задачами в сфере подготовки руководящих кадров, отвечающих за региональное развитие, рассматриваются особенности управленческого стиля и позиционирования губернаторов, а также влияние данных факторов на экономическое развитие и формирование имиджа региона.Результаты. Авторами исследования установлено, что в настоящий момент в России активно формируется корпус губернаторов «новой волны», для которых характерны такие особенности имиджа и поведения, как активная коммуникация с населением (в том числе посредством социальных сетей), вовлеченность в реализацию государственной повестки и возможность лоббирования интересов региона, готовность к быстрой реакции на события и обращения, включенность в решение вопросов, связанных с СВО.Выводы. В качестве примера эффективного проявления лидерства главы региона рассматривается стиль руководства губернатора Омской области В. П. Хоценко

FORMATION OF THE PEDIATRIC ELECTRORETINOGRAM DATABASE PARAMETERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOCTOR’S DECISION-MAKING ALGORITHM

Electroretinography is a non-invasive electrophysiological method standardized by the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV). Electroretinography has been used for the clinical application and standardization of electrophysiological protocols for diagnosing the retina since 1989. Electroretinography becomefundamentalophthalmologicalresearchmethodthatmayassessesthestate oftheretina. Totransferclinicalpracticeto patientstheestablishmentofstandardized protocols is an important step. It is important for monitoring successful molecular therapy in retinaldegeneration. Retinitis pigmentosa or achromatopsia and, consequently, affected cones or rods photoreceptors is corresponded to complete absent ofelectricalresponse. Thus, detection ofeven modestimprovements after therapeutic treatment is required. Standardized protocols allow the implementation of electroretinography under conditions of optimization of sensitivity and specificity during clinical trials. It should be noted that the literature on retinal diseases demonstrates clinical cases in which patients may have several retinal diseases at the same time. In such cases, it is necessary to detect a group of characteristics of electrophysiological signals withhigh accuracy to improve the application ofvarious diagnostic solutions. The classification of electroretinogram signals depends on the quality of labeled biomedical information or databases, in addition to this, the accuracy of the classification results obtained depends not only on computer technology, but also on the quality of the input data. To date, the analysis of electroretinogram signals is realized manually and largely depends on the experience of clinicians. The development of automated algorithms for analyzing electroretinogram signals may simplify routine processes and improve the quality of diagnosing eye diseases. This article describes the formation ofthe parameters of pediatric electroretinogram database parameters for the development of doctor’s decision-making algorithm. The signal parameters were obtainedby extracting the parameters from the wavelet scalogram of the electroretinogram signal using digital image processing and machine learning methods. © 2022 Scientific Research Institute — Ochapovsky Clinical Regional Hospital no. 1. All Rights Reserved

Brain biopsy for diagnosis of chlamydia encephalitis

This is the case of encephalitis associated with chlamydia infection of central nervous system. The diagnostic protocol of the patient included: a careful observation of somatic and neurological status, laboratory tests of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, neurovisualization. The results of the diagnostic protocol suggest that laboratory tests blood and cerebrospinal fluid possess low sensitivity and specificity. The MRI study has revealed the localization and inflammatory character of the changes in brain tissue; it has also helped to choose the most favorable area for the stereotaxic biopsy. The obtained tissue was evaluated by means of light (immunohistochemistry) and electronic microscopy. The active chlamydia infection was estimated. The subsequent antibacterial etiotropic therapy resulted in the regression of the neurologic symptoms and remission.The intravitalpathomorphology study of the brain could be recommended for the management of the severe encephalitis of the unknown origin