The phosphotyrosine-independent interaction of DLC-1 and the SH2 domain of cten regulates focal adhesion localization and growth suppression activity of DLC-1

The tensin family member cten (C-terminal tensin like) is an Src homology 2 (SH2) and phosphotyrosine binding domain–containing focal adhesion molecule that may function as a tumor suppressor. However, the mechanism has not been well established. We report that cten binds to another tumor suppressor, deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC-1), and the SH2 domain of cten is responsible for the interaction. Unexpectedly, the interaction between DLC-1 and the cten SH2 domain is independent of tyrosine phosphorylation of DLC-1. By site-directed mutagenesis, we have identified several amino acid residues on cten and DLC-1 that are essential for this interaction. Mutations on DLC-1 perturb the interaction with cten and disrupt the focal adhesion localization of DLC-1. Furthermore, these DLC-1 mutants have lost their tumor suppression activities. When these DLC-1 mutants were fused to a focal adhesion targeting sequence, their tumor suppression activities were significantly restored. These results provide a novel mechanism whereby the SH2 domain of cten-mediated focal adhesion localization of DLC-1 plays an essential role in its tumor suppression activity

Experimental Study on the Axial Tensile Properties of FRP Grid-Reinforced ECC Composites

The axial tensile properties of FRP mesh-reinforced ECC composites (TRE) were investigated experimentally under the consideration of four influencing factors: grid type, number of reinforcement layers, ECC matrix thickness, and sticky sand treatment on the grid surface. The test results showed that the axial stiffness and tensile strength of the composite were significantly increased, and the tensile properties were significantly improved under the effect of FRP grid reinforcement. Increasing the thickness of the ECC matrix can obviously improve the crack resistance of composites. The ultimate tensile strength of FRP lattice-reinforced ECC composites increased significantly with the increase in the number of lattice layers, but had no significant effect on the crack resistance. The tensile properties of CFRP grid-reinforced ECC composites were slightly better compared to BFRP grid-reinforced ECC composites. The crack resistance and ultimate tensile strength of the composites were slightly improved by impregnating the surface of the FRP grid with adhesive-bonded sand treatment. Based on the experimental data, the tensile stress–strain constitutive model of FRP grid-reinforced ECC composites is established. The calculation results show that the theoretical values of the model agree well with the experimental values. Therefore, it can be used to reflect the stress–strain change state of FRP lattice-reinforced ECC composites during axial tension

The phosphotyrosine-independent interaction of DLC-1 and the SH2 domain of cten regulates focal adhesion localization and growth suppression activity of DLC-1.

The tensin family member cten (C-terminal tensin like) is an Src homology 2 (SH2) and phosphotyrosine binding domain-containing focal adhesion molecule that may function as a tumor suppressor. However, the mechanism has not been well established. We report that cten binds to another tumor suppressor, deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC-1), and the SH2 domain of cten is responsible for the interaction. Unexpectedly, the interaction between DLC-1 and the cten SH2 domain is independent of tyrosine phosphorylation of DLC-1. By site-directed mutagenesis, we have identified several amino acid residues on cten and DLC-1 that are essential for this interaction. Mutations on DLC-1 perturb the interaction with cten and disrupt the focal adhesion localization of DLC-1. Furthermore, these DLC-1 mutants have lost their tumor suppression activities. When these DLC-1 mutants were fused to a focal adhesion targeting sequence, their tumor suppression activities were significantly restored. These results provide a novel mechanism whereby the SH2 domain of cten-mediated focal adhesion localization of DLC-1 plays an essential role in its tumor suppression activity

Synthesis of a Miniature Lipoarabinomannan

An analog of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> lipoarabino­mannan (LAM) has been synthesized containing the characteristic structures of all of its three major components; that is, a mannosylated phos­pha­tidyl­inositol moiety, an oligomannan, and an oligoarabinan. A highly convergent strategy was developed that is applicable to the synthesis of other LAM analogs. The synthetic miniature LAM should be useful for various biological studies

High performance Pd catalyst using silica modified titanate nanotubes (STNT) as support and its catalysis toward hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde at ambient temperature

Titanate nanotubes (TNTs) were coupled with amino-propyl-triethoxy silane (KH550) and calcinated at 400 degrees C, then the silica modified titanate nanotubes (STNTs) were prepared and used as the support of a Pd catalyst by the method of wet-impregnation. The catalyst was characterized with XRD, Raman spectra, TEM, XPS, and H-2-TPR/TPD. The silica modification could effectively resist morphology collapse and crystallization of TNT during calcination, and preserve the high surface area of the TNT support, which contribute to the high metal dispersion of loaded Pd. Moreover, the introduced silica could strengthen the metal-support interaction, causing an electronic effect that facilitates the reduction of Pd ions. The Pd/STNT showed 3 times and 2.5 times higher activity than those of commercial Pd/C and unmodified Pd/TNT catalysts towards the selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde at room temperature, respectively, indicating the enhanced catalytic activity by the addition of silica