"(Weitergeleitet von Journalistin)": The Gendered Presentation of Professions on Wikipedia

Previous research has shown the existence of gender biases in the depiction of professions and occupations in search engine results. Such an unbalanced presentation might just as likely occur on Wikipedia, one of the most popular knowledge resources on the Web, since the encyclopedia has already been found to exhibit such tendencies in past studies. Under this premise, our work assesses gender bias with respect to the content of German Wikipedia articles about professions and occupations along three dimensions: used male vs. female titles (and redirects), included images of persons, and names of professionals mentioned in the articles. We further use German labor market data to assess the potential misrepresentation of a gender for each specific profession. Our findings in fact provide evidence for systematic over-representation of men on all three dimensions. For instance, for professional fields dominated by females, the respective articles on average still feature almost two times more images of men; and in the mean, 83% of the mentioned names of professionals were male and only 17% female.Comment: In the 9th International ACM Web Science Conference 2017 (WebSci'17), June 25-28, 2017, Troy, NY, USA. Based on the results of the thesis: arXiv:1702.0082

The reception of M. Yu. Lermontov’s creativity in China: the newest literary criticism (article second)

В статье рассматривается история изучения творческого наследия М. Ю. Лермонтова в Китае на современном этапе, демонстрируются научные достижения китайского лермонтоведения как результат его предшествующего развития. Особое внимание в статье уделяется юбилею Лермонтова, отмеченного в Китае публикацией целого ряда работ, проведением научных конференций. Делается вывод о том, что китайское лермонтоведение находится на новом подъеме, что выражается во все более глубоком осмыслении творчества великого русского поэта.The article discusses the history of the study of the creative heritage of M. Yu. Lermontov in China at the present stage, demonstrates the scientific achievements of the Chinese literary study of Lermontov as a result of his previous development. Special attention is paid to the anniversary of Lermontov, marked in China publishing a number of works, holding of scientific conferences. The conclusion is that the study of Lermontov in China is on the new lift, which is expressed in an ever deeper understanding of the literary creation of the great russian poet

Trade-Offs between Economic Benefits and Ecosystem Services Value under Three Cropland Protection Scenarios for Wuhan City in China

Over the past few decades urbanization and population growth have been the main trend all over the world, which brings the increase of economic benefits (EB) and the decrease of cropland. Cropland protection policies play an important role in the urbanization progress. In this study, we assess the trade-offs between EB and ecosystem services value (ESV) under three cropland protection policy scenarios using the LAND System Cellular Automata for Potential Effects (LANDSCAPE) model. The empirical results reveal that trade-offs between EB and ESV in urbanizing areas are dynamic, and that they considerably vary under different cropland protection policy scenarios. Especially, the results identify certain "turning points" for each policy scenario at which a small to moderate growth in EB would result in greater ESV losses. Among the three scenarios, we found that the cropland protection policy has the most adverse effect on trade-offs between EB and ESV and the results in the business as usual scenario have the least effect on the trade-offs. Furthermore, the results show that a strict balance between requisition and compensation of cropland is an inappropriate policy option in areas where built-up areas are increasing rapidly from the perspective of mitigating conflict between EB and ESV and the numbers of cropland protection that restrained by land use planning policy of Wuhan is a better choice

Eucommia ulmoides extract attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction by inactivating p53

Angiotensin II (AngII) causes endothelial dysfunction. Eucommia ulmoides extract (EUE) is documented to manipulate AngII, but its impact on cardiac microvascular endothelial cell (CMVEC) function remains unknown. This study determines the effects of EUE on AngII-treated CMVECs. CMVECs were treated with different concentrations of AngII or EUE alone and/or the p53 protein activator, WR-1065, before AngII treatment, followed by examinations of the apoptotic, migratory, proliferative, and angiogenic capacities and nitric oxide (NO), p53, von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelin (ET)-1, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. AngII induced CMVEC dysfunction in a concentration-dependent manner. EUE enhanced the proliferative, migratory, and angiogenic capacities and NO, MnSOD, and eNOS levels but repressed apoptosis and vWF and ET-1 levels in AngII-induced dysfunctional CMVECs. Moreover, AngII increased p53 mRNA levels, p-p53 levels in the nucleus, and p53 protein levels in the cytoplasm and diminishes HIF-1α and VEGF levels in CMVECs; however, these effects were counteracted by EUE treatment. Moreover, WR-1065 abrogated the mitigating effects of EUE on AngII-induced CMVEC dysfunction by activating p53 and decreasing HIF-1α and VEGF expression. In conclusion, EUE attenuates AngII-induced CMVEC dysfunction by upregulating HIF-1α and VEGF levels via p53 inactivation

Structure similarity virtual map generation network for optical and SAR image matching

Introduction: Optical and SAR image matching is one of the fields within multi-sensor imaging and fusion. It is crucial for various applications such as disaster response, environmental monitoring, and urban planning, as it enables comprehensive and accurate analysis by combining the visual information of optical images with the penetrating capability of SAR images. However, the differences in imaging mechanisms between optical and SAR images result in significant nonlinear radiation distortion. Especially for SAR images, which are affected by speckle noises, resulting in low resolution and blurry edge structures, making optical and SAR image matching difficult and challenging. The key to successful matching lies in reducing modal differences and extracting similarity information from the images.Method: In light of this, we propose a structure similarity virtual map generation network (SVGNet) to address the task of optical and SAR image matching. The core innovation of this paper is that we take inspiration from the concept of image generation, to handle the predicament of image matching between different modalities. Firstly, we introduce the Attention U-Net as a generator to decouple and characterize optical images. And then, SAR images are consistently converted into optical images with similar textures and structures. At the same time, using the structural similarity (SSIM) to constrain structural spatial information to improve the quality of generated images. Secondly, a conditional generative adversarial network is employed to further guide the image generation process. By combining synthesized SAR images and their corresponding optical images in a dual channel, we can enhance prior information. This combined data is then fed into the discriminator to determine whether the images are true or false, guiding the generator to optimize feature learning. Finally, we employ least squares loss (LSGAN) to stabilize the training of the generative adversarial network.Results and Discussion: Experiments have demonstrated that the SVGNet proposed in this paper is capable of effectively reducing modal differences, and it increases the matching success rate. Compared to direct image matching, using image generation ideas results in a matching accuracy improvement of more than twice