Ion channel gene GJB2 influences the intercellular communication by Up-regulating the SPP1 signaling pathway identified by the single-cell RNA sequencing in lung adenocarcinoma

ObjectiveFirstly, observe the prognostic significance and the biological functional effects of gap junction protein beta 2 (GJB2 or Cx26) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Subsequently, explore the role played by GJB2 in intercellular communication by single-cell RNA sequencing.MethodWe made a differential analysis of GJB2 expression through public databases and investigated the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance. ESTIMATE analysis and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database were utilized to illustrate the association of GJB2 with immune infiltration and components of the tumor microenvironment. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to study the biological function of GJB2. Cell-cell communication was analyzed using the CellChat R package through sc-RNA data.ResultsGJB2 has an outstanding prognosis value in LUAD and a close relationship was found between GJB2 and immune infiltration in LUAD. GJB2 could participate in several tumor biological processes, including extracellular matrix remodeling and upregulation of multiple cancer-related active pathways. GJB2 related hub-genes influence intercellular communication through the SPP1 signaling pathway.ConclusionOur study illustrates one mechanism by which GJB2 exerts its cancer-specific relevant effects, that is, causing changes in intercellular communication through the SPP1 signaling pathway. Blockade of this pathway may limit the functional role of GJB2 and provide us with promising new perceptions for LUAD treatment

Molecular composition and volatility of isoprene photochemical oxidation secondary organic aerosol under low- and high-NOx conditions

Here, we present measurements of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene photochemical oxidation in an environmental simulation chamber at a variety of oxidant conditions and using dry neutral seed particles to suppress acid-catalyzed multiphase chemistry. A high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-CIMS) utilizing iodide-adduct ionization coupled to the Filter Inlet for Gases and Aerosols (FIGAERO) allowed for simultaneous online sampling of the gas and particle composition. Under high-HO 2 and low-NO conditions, highly oxygenated (O : C ≥ 1) C 5 compounds were major components (~50%) of SOA. The SOA composition and effective volatility evolved both as a function of time and as a function of input NO concentrations. Organic nitrates increased in both the gas and particle phases as input NO increased, but the dominant non-nitrate particle-phase components monotonically decreased. We use comparisons of measured and predicted gas-particle partitioning of individual components to assess the validity of literature-based group-contribution methods for estimating saturation vapor concentrations. While there is evidence for equilibrium partitioning being achieved on the chamber residence timescale (5.2 h) for some individual components, significant errors in group-contribution methods are revealed. In addition, >30% of the SOA mass, detected as low-molecular-weight semivolatile compounds, cannot be reconciled withmore » equilibrium partitioning. These compounds desorb from the FIGAERO at unexpectedly high temperatures given their molecular composition, which is indicative of thermal decomposition of effectively lower-volatility components such as larger molecular weight oligomers.« les

Molecular composition and volatility of isoprene photochemical oxidation secondary organic aerosol under low- and high-NOx conditions

Here, we present measurements of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene photochemical oxidation in an environmental simulation chamber at a variety of oxidant conditions and using dry neutral seed particles to suppress acid-catalyzed multiphase chemistry. A high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-CIMS) utilizing iodide-adduct ionization coupled to the Filter Inlet for Gases and Aerosols (FIGAERO) allowed for simultaneous online sampling of the gas and particle composition. Under high-HO 2 and low-NO conditions, highly oxygenated (O : C ≥ 1) C 5 compounds were major components (~50%) of SOA. The SOA composition and effective volatility evolved both as a function of time and as a function of input NO concentrations. Organic nitrates increased in both the gas and particle phases as input NO increased, but the dominant non-nitrate particle-phase components monotonically decreased. We use comparisons of measured and predicted gas-particle partitioning of individual components to assess the validity of literature-based group-contribution methods for estimating saturation vapor concentrations. While there is evidence for equilibrium partitioning being achieved on the chamber residence timescale (5.2 h) for some individual components, significant errors in group-contribution methods are revealed. In addition, >30% of the SOA mass, detected as low-molecular-weight semivolatile compounds, cannot be reconciled withmore » equilibrium partitioning. These compounds desorb from the FIGAERO at unexpectedly high temperatures given their molecular composition, which is indicative of thermal decomposition of effectively lower-volatility components such as larger molecular weight oligomers.« les

Ni

Due to high specific surface and plentiful of porosity, 3D porous carbon matrix has shown enormous potential for catalyst supporters. Hydrogen was thought as the next-generation clean energy to substitute the fossil fuel. Metal phosphides has been investigated and exhibited a good catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, we prepared Ni2P/CoP loading on Porous carbon matrix through a facile method. The mixture of nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate and chitosan was ball-milled, then was carbonized under N2 atmosphere at 900°C with NH4HPO2. The as-obtained materials were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), SEM and Raman spectrums. Also the electrochemical performance for HER was test using electrochemical workstation. The result shown that this catalysts presented a low overpotential at 10 mA cm-2, which was 270 mV

Organic acid catalyzed carbon aerogels with freeze-drying

Abstract Carbon aerogels (CAs) were synthesized via a sol-gel process by condensation-polymerization of phloroglucinol, resorcinol and formaldehyde using 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid as catalyst with freeze-drying. The effects of the freeze-drying method on the texture and pore structure were studied. Meanwhile the structure of carbon aerogels was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a surface-area analyzer. The results show that the freeze-drying method and acid catalyst were good for the specific surface area of carbon aerogel, up to 765m2 g?1, and pore size distribution

Fe-doped carbon aerogels from sodium alginate for the removal of methylene blue

In this article, Fe-doped carbon aerogels from sodium alginate were used for the removal of methylene blue (MB) in water. Under acidic condition, the sample carbonized at 700 °C (T700) undergoes Fe-C micro-electrolysis to produce highly chemically active Fe2+ and [H] to degrade MB. Under neutral or alkaline conditions, Fe2+ produced by Fe-C micro-electrolysis become Fe(OH)3, which can effectively adsorb MB. In addition, when T700 combines with H2O2 to form Fenton system, the MB removal efficiency was significantly improved. The Fe-doped carbon aerogels can be used in wastewater treatment and when combine the materials with H2O2 can greatly improve the MB removal efficiency

Improved electrochemical performance of 5 V spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 by La2O3 surface coating for Li-ion batteries

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 coated with 1.5 wt.% La2O3 was prepared and investigated as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. The samples was characterized by XRD, SEM and EDX. After the 1.5 wt.% La2O3 coating, the lattice structure of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is not destroyed and a La2O3 coating layer has formed on the surface of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 particles. The 1.5 wt.% La2O3-coated LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 exhibits a higher rate capacity, with discharge capacity between 3.5 and 5 V of 131.9, 127.1, 126.5, 120.7, 114.1 and 101.5 mAh g-1 at rates of 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 C (1 C = 140 mAh g-1), respectively. The results indicate that the La2O3 coating could reduce the electrode polarization and enhance the rate capacities

Risk evaluation of solar greenhouse cucumbers low temperature disaster based on GIS spatial analysis in Tianjin, China

To plan the cucumber cultivation area scientifically, improve the quality of cucumber and avoid meteorological disaster risks, this article evaluates low temperature disaster risk of greenhouse cucumber in Tianjin, China. Solar greenhouses are the main carriers for facility agriculture in North China which usually do not carry heating and supplementary lighting equipments. Consequently, growth and development of crops are still indirectly influenced by the greenhouse outside weather in some extent. In recent years, low temperature disaster of cucumber during overwintering periods happens frequently which brings large influence on cultivation and production of cucumbers in Tianjin. This research takes three types of solar greenhouses with different heat-retaining capacities as the facility carriers to evaluate the low temperature disaster risk of cucumbers grown in different greenhouses. First, study the corresponding relationship between microclimate elements in greenhouse and meteorological elements out of greenhouse based on assurance rate method and conduct the indexes caused cucumber low temperature disaster in different greenhouses at different development stages. Then, construct the risk evaluation model for low temperature disaster based on natural disaster risk evaluation theory. Finally, the low temperature disaster risk zone-division is realized based on GIS spatial analysis function to evaluate cucumber low temperature disaster risk comprehensively. Abbreviations:SG: solar-greenhouse; Cucu: cucumber; LTD: low temperature disaster; RE: risk evaluation; GIS: geographic information system; TJ: Tianji

Synergistic scale inhibition of both IA/AMPS copolymer and magnetic field

The antiscaling rate of both water magnetic device and IA/AMPS copolymer was investigated by using a stationary scale inhibition experimental device, and the result illustrated that there was a synergistic scale inhibition effect between magnetic field and IA/AMPS copolymer. Under the condition the experimental water through the water magnetizer was 120L / h, and the magnetic field strength was 0.7T, the magnetization time of 40 min, the antiscaling rate of both water magnetic device and copolymer IA/AMPS to CaCO3 increased 11% as compared with that of the copolymer IA/AMPS alone. At this time, the dosage of copolymer IA/AMPS was 6mg/L. And the synergistic antiscaling rate of both water magnetic device and IA/AMPS copolymer to Ca3(PO4)2 increased 25% as compared with that of the copolymer IA/AMPS alone under the same condition except dosage of IA/AMPS copolymer was 20 mg/L