Locating influential nodes via dynamics-sensitive centrality

With great theoretical and practical significance, locating influential nodes of complex networks is a promising issues. In this paper, we propose a dynamics-sensitive (DS) centrality that integrates topological features and dynamical properties. The DS centrality can be directly applied in locating influential spreaders. According to the empirical results on four real networks for both susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) and susceptible-infected (SI) spreading models, the DS centrality is much more accurate than degree, $k$-shell index and eigenvector centrality.Comment: 6 pages, 1 table and 2 figure

Postsynaptic protein organization revealed by electron microscopy.

Neuronal synapses are key devices for transmitting and processing information in the nervous system. Synaptic plasticity, generally regarded as the cellular basis of learning and memory, involves changes of subcellular structures that take place at the nanoscale. High-resolution imaging methods, especially electron microscopy (EM), have allowed for quantitative analysis of such nanoscale structures in different types of synapses. In particular, the semi-ordered organization of neurotransmitter receptors and their interacting scaffolds in the postsynaptic density have been characterized for both excitatory and inhibitory synapses by studies using various EM techniques such as immuno-EM, electron tomography of high-pressure freezing and freeze-substituted samples, and cryo electron tomography. These techniques, in combination with new correlative approaches, will further facilitate our understanding of the molecular organization underlying diverse functions of neuronal synapses

Re-Study on the wave functions of Υ(nS)\Upsilon(nS) states in LFQM and the radiative decays of Υ(nS)→ηb+γ\Upsilon(nS)\to \eta_b+\gamma

The Light-front quark model (LFQM) has been applied to calculate the transition matrix elements of heavy hadron decays. However, it is noted that using the traditional wave functions of the LFQM given in literature, the theoretically determined decay constants of the $\Upsilon(nS)$ obviously contradict to the data. It implies that the wave functions must be modified. Keeping the orthogonality among the $nS$ states and fitting their decay constants we obtain a series of the wave functions for $\Upsilon(nS)$. Based on these wave functions and by analogy to the hydrogen atom, we suggest a modified analytical form for the $\Upsilon(nS)$ wave functions. By use of the modified wave functions, the obtained decay constants are close to the experimental data. Then we calculate the rates of radiative decays of $\Upsilon(nS)\to \eta_b+\gamma$. Our predictions are consistent with the experimental data on decays $\Upsilon(3S)\to \eta_b+\gamma$ within the theoretical and experimental errors.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Typos corrected and more discussions added. accepted for publication in Physical Review

Accumulation of Dense Core Vesicles in Hippocampal Synapses Following Chronic Inactivity.

The morphology and function of neuronal synapses are regulated by neural activity, as manifested in activity-dependent synapse maturation and various forms of synaptic plasticity. Here we employed cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) to visualize synaptic ultrastructure in cultured hippocampal neurons and investigated changes in subcellular features in response to chronic inactivity, a paradigm often used for the induction of homeostatic synaptic plasticity. We observed a more than 2-fold increase in the mean number of dense core vesicles (DCVs) in the presynaptic compartment of excitatory synapses and an almost 20-fold increase in the number of DCVs in the presynaptic compartment of inhibitory synapses after 2 days treatment with the voltage-gated sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX). Short-term treatment with TTX and the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (AP5) caused a 3-fold increase in the number of DCVs within 100 nm of the active zone area in excitatory synapses but had no significant effects on the overall number of DCVs. In contrast, there were very few DCVs in the postsynaptic compartments of both synapse types under all conditions. These results are consistent with a role for presynaptic DCVs in activity-dependent synapse maturation. We speculate that these accumulated DCVs can be released upon reactivation and may contribute to homeostatic metaplasticity

Universal linear-temperature resistivity: possible quantum diffusion transport in strongly correlated superconductors

The strongly correlated electron fluids in high temperature cuprate superconductors demonstrate an anomalous linear temperature ($T$) dependent resistivity behavior, which persists to a wide temperature range without exhibiting saturation. As cooling down, those electron fluids lose the resistivity and condense into the superfluid. However, the origin of the linear-$T$ resistivity behavior and its relationship to the strongly correlated superconductivity remain a mystery. Here we report a universal relation $d\rho/dT=(\mu_0k_B/\hbar)\lambda^2_L$, which bridges the slope of the linear-$T$-dependent resistivity ($d\rho/dT$) to the London penetration depth $\lambda_L$ at zero temperature among cuprate superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ and heavy fermion superconductors CeCoIn$_5$, where $\mu_0$ is vacuum permeability, $k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant and $\hbar$ is the reduced Planck constant. We extend this scaling relation to different systems and found that it holds for other cuprate, pnictide and heavy fermion superconductors as well, regardless of the significant differences in the strength of electronic correlations, transport directions, and doping levels. Our analysis suggests that the scaling relation in strongly correlated superconductors could be described as a hydrodynamic diffusive transport, with the diffusion coefficient ($D$) approaching the quantum limit $D\sim\hbar/m^*$, where $m^*$ is the quasi-particle effective mass.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl