Role of glabridin in maintaining residual kidney function in dialysis patients

Purpose: To demonstrate the effect of glabridin on peritoneal function and residual renal function (RRF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods: Twenty five patients (age range, 24 - 58 years) with a glomerular filtration rate of above 2 mL/min/1.73 m2 and on PD were subjected to glabridin therapy. The patients were treated daily with glabridin (30 mg) for 6 months. The baseline parameters for serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) were compared with those found after 6 months of glabridin treatment. In addition, end-to-initial dialysate concentration of glucose (D4/D0 glucose), dialyzer clearance of urea (K), dialysis time (t), volume of distribution of urea (V), peritoneal transport status as well as dialysate cancer antigen 125 (CA125) were also compared.Results: The results revealed a significant increase in mean dialysate CA125 after glabridin treatment (25.6 ± 2.7 U/mL) compared with baseline value (19.7 ± 3.2 U/mL). However, serum hs-CRP, VEGF, TGF-β, CTGF, daily ultrafiltration, D4/D0 glucose, Kt/V, and peritoneal transport status remained unaffected. Residual glomerular filtration rate in all the patients decreased. Glabridin treatment also led to a decrease in the decline of peritoneal function, suppression of elevation of profibrotic markers, and increased mesothelial cell mass in PD patients.Conclusion: Thus, glabridin is a potent candidate for the treatment of residual kidney function in dialysis patients.Keywords: Glabridin, Residual renal function, Peritoneal function, Dialysate, Profibrotic markers, Mesothelial cell mass, Glomerular filtration rat

Empirical research on the evaluation model and method of sustainability of the open source ecosystem

The development of open source brings new thinking and production modes to software engineering and computer science, and establishes a software development method and ecological environment in which groups participate. Regardless of investors, developers, participants, and managers, they are most concerned about whether the Open Source Ecosystem can be sustainable to ensure that the ecosystem they choose will serve users for a long time. Moreover, the most important quality of the software ecosystem is sustainability, and it is also a research area in Symmetry. Therefore, it is significant to assess the sustainability of the Open Source Ecosystem. However, the current measurement of the sustainability of the Open Source Ecosystem lacks universal measurement indicators, as well as a method and a model. Therefore, this paper constructs an Evaluation Indicators System, which consists of three levels: The target level, the guideline level and the evaluation level, and takes openness, stability, activity, and extensibility as measurement indicators. On this basis, a weight calculation method, based on information contribution values and a Sustainability Assessment Model, is proposed. The models and methods are used to analyze the factors affecting the sustainability of Stack Overflow (SO) ecosystem. Through the analysis, we find that every indicator in the SO ecosystem is partaking in different development trends. The development trend of a single indicator does not represent the sustainable development trend of the whole ecosystem. It is necessary to consider all of the indicators to judge that ecosystem’s sustainability. The research on the sustainability of the Open Source Ecosystem is helpful for judging software health, measuring development efficiency and adjusting organizational structure. It also provides a reference for researchers who study the sustainability of software engineering

Perchloratobis[1-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-2-pyridone]zinc(II) perchlorate

In the title mononuclear complex, [Zn(ClO4)(C17H11N3O)2]ClO4, the ZnII ion is coordinated in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The dihedral angles between the pyridine rings and the mean planes of the 1,10-phenanthroline ring system in each of the 1-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-2-pyridone (PP) ligands is 24.51 (10)° for the tridendate PP ligand and 73.55 (6)° for the bidentate PP ligand. Within the mol­ecule there is a weak π–π inter­action between the pyridine ring of the bidentate ligand and the 1,10-phenanthroline ring system of the tridendate ligand with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.6383 (19) Å

Diaqua­(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-ol)nickel(II) dinitrate

In the mononuclear title complex, [Ni(C12H8N2O)2(H2O)2](NO3)2, the NiII ion is coordinated in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The dihedral angle between the two mean planes defined by the phenanthroline ligands is 88.26 (6)°. Intra- and intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the cation and the anions lead to the formation of a layered arrangement parallel to (010)

In-situ cosmogenic ³⁶Cl denudation rates of carbonates in Guizhou karst area

This study quantifies surface denudation of carbonate rocks by the first application of in-situ cosmogenic <sup>36</sup>Cl in China. Concentrations of natural Cl and in-situ cosmogenic <sup>36</sup>Cl in bare carbonates from Guizhou karst areas were measured with isotope dilution by accelerator mass spectrometer. The Cl concentration varied from 16 to 206 ppm. The <sup>36</sup>Cl concentrations were in range of (0.8–2.4)×106 atom g−1, resulting in total denudation rates of 20–50 mm ka−1 that averaged over a 104–105 a timescale. The <sup>36</sup>Cl-denudation rates showed roughly a negative correlation with the local mean temperature. This preliminary observation may suggest the variations of proportions of chemical weathering and physical erosion in denudation process, depending upon local climatic conditions