NONTRIVIAL EQUILIBRIUM SOLUTIONS AND GENERAL 2 STABILITY FOR STOCHASTIC EVOLUTION EQUATIONS WITH PANTOGRAPH DELAY AND TEMPERED FRACTIONAL NOISE∗

In this paper, we study the full compressible Navier--Stokes system in a bounded domain Ω⊂R3 , where the viscosity and heat conductivity depend on temperature in a power law (θb for some constant b>0 ) of Chapman--Enskog. We obtain the local existence of strong solution to the initial-boundary value problem (IBVP), which is not trivial, especially for the nonisentropic system with vacuum and temperature-dependent viscosity. There is degeneracy caused by vacuum, and there is extremely strong nonlinearity caused by variable coefficients, both of which create great difficulty for the a priori estimates, especially for the second-order estimates. First, in order to obtain closed first-order estimates, we introduce a new variable to reformulate the system into a better form and require the measure of initial vacuum domain to be sufficiently small. Second, with the help of a cut-off and straightening out technique, and the thermo-insulated boundary condition, we establish the time involved estimate for the second-order derivative of temperature, which plays a key role in closing the a priori estimates. Moreover, our local existence result holds for the cases that the viscosity and heat conductivity depend on θ with possibly different power laws (i.e., μ,λ∼θb1 , κ∼θb2 with constants b1,b2∈[0,+∞) )

The continuity, regularity and polynomial stability of mild solutions for stochastic 2D-Stokes equations with unbounded delay driven by tempered fractional Gaussian noise

We consider stochastic 2D-Stokes equations with unbounded delay in fractional power spaces and moments of order p ≥ 2 driven by a tempered fractional Brownian motion (TFBM) Bσ,λ(t) with −1/2 0. First, the global existence and unique ness of mild solutions are established by using a new technical lemma for stochastic integrals with respect to TFBM in the sense of p-th moment. Moreover, based on the relations between the stochastic integrals with respect to TFBM and fractional Browni an motion, we show the continuity of mild solutions in the case of λ → 0, σ ∈ (−1/2, 0) or λ > 0, σ → σ0 ∈ (−1/2, 0). In particular, we obtain p-th moment H¨older regularity in time and p-th polynomial stability of mild solutions. This paper can be regarded as a first step to study the challenging model: stochastic 2D-Navier-Stokes equations with unbounded delay driven by tempered fractional Gaussian noise

Understanding the Chinese Superintendency in the Context of Quality-Oriented Education

The implementation of national educational reform in China calls for newer and stronger school administration. Recognizing the need to establish a knowledge base for leadership development, we employ a set of existing US professional standards for educational leaders as a frame of reference to unpack the complex role of Chinese superintendents. Using data collected from two surveys administered to more than 200 Chinese superintendents in 2007, we find that many indicators of leadership considered essential in the United States are also viewed as necessary for effective superintendency in China. Feedback from the superintendents also points out gaps between what is perceived as important and what is in practice. This article contributes to the efforts of building meaningful global dialogues among researchers and practitioners on developing a new generation of education administrators

Adiponectin protects against paraquat-induced lung injury by attenuating oxidative/nitrative stress.

The specific mechanisms underlying paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury remain unknown, which limits understanding of its cytotoxic potential. Although oxidative stress has been established as an important mechanism underlying PQ toxicity, multiple antioxidants have proven ineffective in attenuating the deleterious effects of PQ. Adiponectin, which shows anti-oxidative and antinitrative effects, may have the potential to reduce PQ-mediated injury. The present study determined the protective action of globular domain adiponectin (gAd) on PQ-induced lung injury, and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanism or mechanisms of action. BALB/c mice were administered PQ, with and without 12 or 36 h of gAd pre-treatment. The pulmonary oxidative/nitrative status was assessed by measuring pulmonary O2(•-), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and 8-hydroxy-2-dydeoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) production, and blood 3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT). At a dose of 20 mg/kg, PQ markedly increased O2(•-), SOD, MDA, NO and 8-OHdG production 3 h post-administration, but did not significantly increase 3-NT levels until 12 h. gAd inhibited these changes in a dose-dependent manner, via transient activation of MDA, followed by attenuation of MDA formation from 6 h onwards. Histological analysis demonstrated that gAd decreased interstitial edema and inflammatory cell infiltration. These results suggest that gAd protects against PQ-induced lung injury by mitigating oxidative/nitrative stress. Furthermore, gAd may be a potential therapeutic agent for PQ-induced lung injury, and further pharmacological studies are therefore warranted

Paeonol Attenuated Inflammatory Response of Endothelial Cells via Stimulating Monocytes-Derived Exosomal MicroRNA-223

Introduction: Paeonol, an active compound isolated from the radix of Cortex Moutan, has been shown to have anti-atherosclerosis effects by regulating blood cells’ function and protecting vascular cells injury. Besides, emerging evidences has proven that exosomes might play a pivotal role in intercellular communication by transmiting proteins and microRNAs from cell to cell. However, the relationship between monocytes-derived exosomal microRNA-223 and vascular inflammation injury along with paeonol’ effects are still not clear.Objective: Our study aimed to explain whether paeonol’s protective effect on inflammatory response is related to the regulation of exosomal microRNA-223 in the VECs.Methods: ApoE−/− mice were fed with high fat diet to replicate the AS model. HE staining and immunohistochemistry was used to detect inflammatory response of aorta. The expression of IL-1β and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the expression of STAT3, pSTAT3, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. qRT-PCR was used to detect miR-223 expression. Exosomes were extracted from THP-1 cells by differential centrifugation and observed by transmission electron microscope. Observation of exosomes uptake into HUVECs was realized by laser microscopy. miR-223 target gene was detected by double luciferase gene report test.Results:In vivo experiments confirmed that paeonol restricted atherosclerosis development and increased miR-223 expression, inhibited STAT3 pathway in ApoE−/− mice. In vitro, miR-223 showed robust presence in THP-1 cells and undetectable in HUVECs. And we had observed that miR-223 could be internalized from THP-1 cells into HUVECs taking exosomes as a carrier. Paeonol obviously increased miR-223 expression in co-cultured HUVECs and exosomes in concentration dependent manner, compared to LPS group. In addition, paeonol relieved inflammatory secretion, adhesion and STAT3 expression in HUVECs, which could be inverted after miR-223 inhibitor transfection into THP-1 cells.Conclusion: Paeonol could increase the expression of miR-223 in THP-1 derived exosomes and in HUVECs after uptake of exosomes, whereas decrease the expression of STAT3, p-STAT3 in HUVECs. Ultimately paeonol decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in HUVECs and alleviated adhesion of THP-1 cells to HUVECs

Estimation of stress-strength reliability from unit-Burr Ⅲ distribution under records data

This paper explores estimation of stress-strength reliability based on upper record values. When the strength and stress variables follow unit-Burr Ⅲ distributions, a generalized inferential approach is proposed for estimating stress-strength reliability (SSR). Under the common strength and stress parameter case, two types of pivotal quantities are constructed respectively, and then the generalized point and interval estimates for SSR are proposed in consequence, where the associated Monte-Carlo sampling approach is provided for computation. In addition, when strength and stress variables feature unequal model parameters, different generalized point and confidence interval estimates are also established in this regard. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to examine the behavior of proposed methods. Finally, a real-life data example is presented for illustration

La\u3csub\u3e0.6\u3c/sub\u3eSr\u3csub\u3e1.4\u3c/sub\u3eMnO\u3csub\u3e4+δ\u3c/sub\u3e Layered Perovskite Oxide: Enhanced catalytic Activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a critical factor to influence the performance of lithium–oxygen batteries. In this study, La0.6Sr1.4MnO4+δ layered perovskite oxide as a highly active electrocatalyst for the ORR has been prepared, and a carbon-coating layer with thickness \u3c5 nm has been successfully introduced to enhance the electronic conductivity of the as-prepared oxide. XRD, XPS, Raman, SEM and TEM measurements were carried out to characterize the crystalline structure and morphology of these samples. Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) technique has been used to study catalytic activities of the as-prepared catalysts for the ORR in 0.1 M KOH media. RRDE results reveal that carbon-coated La0.6Sr1.4MnO4+δ exhibits better catalytic activity for the ORR. For the carbon-coated La0.6Sr1.4MnO4+δ, the ORR proceeds predominately via a direct four electron process, and a maximum cathodic current density of 6.70 mA cm−2 at 2500 rpm has been obtained, which is close to that of commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst under the same testing conditions