Transcriptomic profiling comparison of YAP over-expression and conditional knockout mouse tooth germs

AbstractTo identify the downstream target genes of YAP, we used RNA-Seq technology to compare the transcriptomic profilings of Yap conditional knockout (Yap CKO) and YAP over-expression mouse tooth germs. Our results showed that some Hox, Wnt and Laminin family genes had concurrent changes with YAP transcripts, indicating that the expression of these genes may be regulated by YAP. Here, we provide the detailed experimental procedure for the transcriptomic profiling results (NCBI GEO accession number GSE65524). The associated study on the regulation of Hoxa1 and Hoxc13 genes by YAP was published in Molecular Cellular Biology in 2015 [Liu et al., 2015]

苦碟子联合低分子肝素钙治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

Objective:  to evaluate combinative effect of Kudiezi Injection and low molecular weight heparin calcium in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Methods:  72 cases of acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group of 36 cases were treated with the combination of Kudiezi Injection and low molecular heparin calcium; the other 36 cases in the control group were treated with the combination of Xuesaitong injection and low molecular weight heparin calcium. The degree of neurological deficit score and clinical outcome were respectively evaluated before and after treatment. Results:  There are significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in results efficiency. Conclusion:  It can improve the curative effect and the prognosis of the patients in the acute stage of cerebral infarction in the combinative treatment of Kudiezi Injection and low molecular weight heparin.目的 评价苦碟子注射液联合低分子肝素钙治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果及护理方法。方法 将72例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组，治疗组36例用苦碟子联合低分子肝素钙治疗；对照组36例用血塞通注射液联合低分子肝素钙治疗。治疗前后分别进行神经功能缺损程度评分以及临床疗效评定[5]。结果 治疗组显效率与对照组比较差异有非常显著性(P=0.009)。结论 对急性期脑梗死患者在常规治疗基础上加用苦碟子及低分子肝素钙可显著提高疗效，改善患者预后。

Adaptive Dynamic Surface Control for Generator Excitation Control System

For the generator excitation control system which is equipped with static var compensator (SVC) and unknown parameters, a novel adaptive dynamic surface control scheme is proposed based on neural network and tracking error transformed function with the following features: (1) the transformation of the excitation generator model to the linear systems is omitted; (2) the prespecified performance of the tracking error can be guaranteed by combining with the tracking error transformed function; (3) the computational burden is greatly reduced by estimating the norm of the weighted vector of neural network instead of the weighted vector itself; therefore, it is more suitable for the real time control; and (4) the explosion of complicity problem inherent in the backstepping control can be eliminated. It is proved that the new scheme can make the system semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded. Simulation results show the effectiveness of this control scheme

Bupropion hydro­bromide propanol hemisolvate

The title compound {systematic name: N-[1-(3-chloro­phen­yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-tert-butanaminium bromide propanol hemisolvate}, C13H19ClNO+·Br−·0.5C3H8O, crystallizes with two independent bupropion hydro­bromide ion pairs and a solvent 1-propanol mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. In both mol­ecules, the expected proton transfer from HBr to the amino group of the bupropion mol­ecule is observed, and intra- and inter­molecular N—H⋯Br hydrogen-bond inter­actions are formed. These inter­actions link the mol­ecules into hydrogen-bond dimers. The side chains of the two cations have slightly different orientations. The 1-propanol solvent mol­ecule is linked to a bromide ion by an O—H⋯Br hydrogen bond

Molecular mechanism of ethylene stimulation of latex yield in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) revealed by de novo sequencing and transcriptome analysis

Differential expression of unigenes involved in hormone signaling in E8 and E24 compared to C samples of Hevea brasiliensis. Ethylene signalling pathway: ETR1: ETHYLENE RESPONSE 1; CTR1: CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE 1; EIN2: ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2; EIN3: ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3; ERF1/2: ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 1/2; EBF1/2: EIN3 binding F-Box protein 1/2; BR signaling pathway: BRI1: Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 1; BAK1: BRI1-associated kinase 1; BKI1: BRI1 KINASE INHIBITOR 1; BSK: BR SIGNALING KINASE; BSU1: bri1 SUPPRESSOR 1; BIN2: BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2; BZR1/2: BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1/2; TCH: TOUCH genes; CYCD3: CYCLIN D3; GA signaling pathway: GID1: GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 1; GID2: GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 2; DELLAs: DELLA growth inhibitors; TF: transcriptional factor; Auxin signaling pathway: AUX1: AUXIN1; TIR1: TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1; IAA: INDOLE ACETIC ACID; ARF: AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR; SAUR: Small Auxin-Up RNA; G10H: geraniol 10-hydroxylase gene; Cytokinin signaling pathway: CRE1: CYTOKININ RESPONSE 1; AHP: histidine phosphotransfer protein; B-ARR: type-B response regulator (ARR); A-ARR: type-A response regulator (ARR); SA signalling pathway: NPR1: Non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1; TGA: the bZIP transcription factors; PR1: pathogenesis related protein 1; JA signaling pathway: JAR1: JASMONATES RESISTANT 1; JA-Ile: jasmonoyl isoleucine; JAZ: Jasmonate ZIM-domain-containing protein; MYC2: a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor; ORCA3: Octadecanoid-derivative Responsive Catharanthus AP2-domain gene; ABA signalling pathway: PYR1/PYLs: Pyrabactin Resistance Protein1/PYR-Like proteins; PP2Cs: protein phosphatases which fall under the category of type 2C; SnRK2: SNF1 (Sucrose-Nonfermenting Kinase1)-related protein kinase 2: ABF: ABA responsive element (ABRE) binding factors. Cells with gray border lines in the upper rows represent differentially expressed unigenes in E8 compared to C and cells with green border lines in the lower rows represent differentially expressed unigenes in E24 compared to C. Relative levels of expression are showed by a color gradient from low (blue) to high (red). (JPG 249 kb

Role of long non-coding RNA in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy

Long non-coding RNA(LncRNA)is a class of transcript(>200 nucleotides)that do not encode proteins. It plays an important role in epigenetic regulation and gene expression at transcriptional or post transcriptional level. The abnormal expression of LncRNA may lead to various pathological processes. Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a multifactorial disease. Recent studies have shown that many specific expressions of LncRNAs are closely related to the genesis of DR. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in the function of LncRNA, the regulatory mechanisms of LncRNA involved in the development of DR, and the related therapies

Expression pattern and activity of six glutelin gene promoters in transgenic rice*

The shortage of strong endosperm-specific expression promoters for driving the expression of recombinant protein genes in cereal endosperm is a major limitation in obtaining the required level and pattern of expression. Six promoters of seed storage glutelin genes (GluA-1, GluA-2, GluA-3, GluB-3, GluB-5, and GluC) were isolated from rice (Oryza sativa L.) genomic DNA by PCR. Their spatial and temporal expression patterns and expression potential in stable transgenic rice plants were examined with β-glucuronidase (GUS) used as a reporter gene. All the promoters showed the expected spatial expression within the endosperm. The GluA-1, GluA-2, and GluA-3 promoters directed GUS expression mainly in the outer portion (peripheral region) of the endosperm. The GluB-5 and GluC promoters directed GUS expression in the whole endosperm, with the latter expressed almost evenly throughout the whole endosperm, a feature different from that of other rice glutelin gene promoters. The GluB-3 promoter directed GUS expression solely in aleurone and subaleurone layers. Promoter activities examined during seed maturation showed that the GluC promoter had much higher activity than the other promoters. These promoters are ideal candidates for achieving gene expression for multiple purposes in monocot endosperm but avoid promoter homology-based gene silencing. The GluC promoter did not contain the endosperm specificity-determining motifs GCN4, AACA, and the prolamin-box, which suggests the existence of additional regulatory mechanism in determining endosperm specificity

Cognitive-enhancing effects of polygalasaponin hydrolysate in aβ(25-35)-induced amnesic mice.

Polygalasaponins are the major active constituents of Polygala tenuifolia exhibiting antiamnesic activity, but their applications are limited due to their toxicities. Evidence showed that the toxicities can be attenuated by hydrolysis. Herein, effects of a hydrolysate of polygalasaponins (HPS) on cognitive impairment induced by Aβ(25-35) were assessed by Morris water maze and step-through passive avoidance tests. The impaired spatial reference memory was improved by HPS (50 and 100 mg/kg). In the acquisition trial of step-through test, HPS (50 and 100 mg/kg) increased the latency into the dark chamber and decreased the error frequency significantly (P < .05). However, no significant change was observed during the retention trial. Additionally, HPS increased the corresponding SOD activities (62.34%, 22.09%) and decreased MDA levels (28.21%, 32.35%) in both cortex and hippocampus as compared to model animals. These results show that HPS may be a useful treatment against amnesia probably via its antioxidant properties.Peer Reviewe

Cognitive-enhancing effects of polygalasaponin hydrolysate in aβ(25-35)-induced amnesic mice.

Polygalasaponins are the major active constituents of Polygala tenuifolia exhibiting antiamnesic activity, but their applications are limited due to their toxicities. Evidence showed that the toxicities can be attenuated by hydrolysis. Herein, effects of a hydrolysate of polygalasaponins (HPS) on cognitive impairment induced by Aβ25−35 were assessed by Morris water maze and step-through passive avoidance tests. The impaired spatial reference memory was improved by HPS (50 and 100mg/kg). In the acquisition trial of step-through test, HPS (50 and 100mg/kg) increased the latency into the dark chamber and decreased the error frequency significantly (P < .05). However, no significant change was observed during the retention trial. Additionally, HPS increased the corresponding SOD activities (62.34%, 22.09%) and decreased MDA levels (28.21%, 32.35%) in both cortex and hippocampus as compared to model animals. These results show that HPS may be a useful treatment against amnesia probably via its antioxidant properties

Sesquiterpenes from the marine red alga Laurencia composita.

Four new chamigrane derivatives, laurecomin A (1). laurecomin B (2), laurecomin C (3), and laurecomin D (4), one new naturally occurring sesquiterpene, 2,10-dibromo-3-chloro-7-chamigren-9-ol acetate (5), and three known halogenated structures, deoxyprepacifenol (6), 1-bromoselin-4(14),11-diene (7), and 9-bromoselin-4(14).11-diene (8), were isolated from the marine red alga Laurencia cornposita collected from Pingtan Island, China. The structures of these compounds were unambiguously established by 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The bioassay results showed that 2 was active against both brine shrimp and fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Four new chamigrane derivatives, laurecomin A (1). laurecomin B (2), laurecomin C (3), and laurecomin D (4), one new naturally occurring sesquiterpene, 2,10-dibromo-3-chloro-7-chamigren-9-ol acetate (5), and three known halogenated structures, deoxyprepacifenol (6), 1-bromoselin-4(14),11-diene (7), and 9-bromoselin-4(14).11-diene (8), were isolated from the marine red alga Laurencia cornposita collected from Pingtan Island, China. The structures of these compounds were unambiguously established by 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The bioassay results showed that 2 was active against both brine shrimp and fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved