Research Progress in Anaerobic Digestion of High Moisture

High moisture organic waste constitutes a large fraction of municipal solid waste and caused a nuisance. Anaerobic digestion of this high degradable fraction has been developed during the past 20 years. Parameters such as characteristic of substrates, temperature, organic loading rate and hydraulic retention time were studied. The most important conversion of intermediate of volatile fatty acid was observed as a indicator of digestion efficiency. One stage and two stage system are based on the stage separated into acidogenic phase and methnogenis phase. Two stage digestion of this kind of wastes were proved a better efficiency than single stage digestion. Batch system and continuous system are conducted in single stage and two-stage system. One stage system are split between wet system(Total solid less than 15%) and dry system( total solid higher than 15%) according to the characteristics of feedstock. Two-stage solid bed system are observed more and more popular in the digestion of solid state VFW and food waste experimental studies, however the large majority of industrial application use single stage systems. Two stage digestion of HMOW will be applied to industrial scale due to its larger resistance to high loading rate, high and stable gas production

All Things Considered: Detecting Partisan Events from News Media with Cross-Article Comparison

Public opinion is shaped by the information news media provide, and that information in turn may be shaped by the ideological preferences of media outlets. But while much attention has been devoted to media bias via overt ideological language or topic selection, a more unobtrusive way in which the media shape opinion is via the strategic inclusion or omission of partisan events that may support one side or the other. We develop a latent variable-based framework to predict the ideology of news articles by comparing multiple articles on the same story and identifying partisan events whose inclusion or omission reveals ideology. Our experiments first validate the existence of partisan event selection, and then show that article alignment and cross-document comparison detect partisan events and article ideology better than competitive baselines. Our results reveal the high-level form of media bias, which is present even among mainstream media with strong norms of objectivity and nonpartisanship. Our codebase and dataset are available at https://github.com/launchnlp/ATC.Comment: EMNLP'23 Main Conferenc

Doping and temperature dependence of electron spectrum and quasiparticle dispersion in doped bilayer cuprates

Within the t-t'-J model, the electron spectrum and quasiparticle dispersion in doped bilayer cuprates in the normal state are discussed by considering the bilayer interaction. It is shown that the bilayer interaction splits the electron spectrum of doped bilayer cuprates into the bonding and antibonding components around the $(\pi,0)$ point. The differentiation between the bonding and antibonding components is essential, which leads to two main flat bands around the $(\pi,0)$ point below the Fermi energy. In analogy to the doped single layer cuprates, the lowest energy states in doped bilayer cuprates are located at the $(\pi/2,\pi/2)$ point. Our results also show that the striking behavior of the electronic structure in doped bilayer cuprates is intriguingly related to the bilayer interaction together with strong coupling between the electron quasiparticles and collective magnetic excitations.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, updated references, added figures and discussions, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Improved Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm-based density peak clustering and its applications

Kao algoritam temeljen na gustoći, algoritam grupiranja na osnovu najviše gustoće (Density Peak Clustering - DPC) superioran je u grupiranju pronalaženjem vršne gustoće. No, smanjena udaljenost i središta grupiranja trebaju se postaviti slučajno, što bi utjecalo na rezultate grupiranja. Voćne mušice pronalaze najbolju hranu lokalnim pretraživanjem i globalnim pretraživanjem. Pronađena hrana je ekstremna vrijednost parametra izračunata algoritmom optimizacije voćne mušice (Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm - FOA). Na osnovu brze pretrage i superiornosti brze konvergencije FOA-e, moguće je nadoknaditi slučajnost DPC-a. Poboljšana vršna gustoća grupiranja voćnih mušica, temeljena na algoritmu optimizacije, predložena je kao FOA-DPC. Taj bi algoritam trebao biti efikasniji i učinkovitiji od DPC algoritma. Rezultati sedam simulacijskih eksperimenata na UCI nizovima podataka potvrdili su da predloženi algoritam nije imao samo bolju performansu grupiranja već je bio bliži pravim brojevima grupiranja. Nadalje, FOA-DPC primijenjen je i u analizi financijskih podataka i pokazao se vrlo učinkovitim.As density-based algorithm, Density Peak Clustering (DPC) algorithm has superiority of clustering by finding the density peaks. But the cut-off distance and clustering centres had to be set at random, which would influence clustering outcomes. Fruit flies find the best food by local searching and global searching. The food found was the parameter extreme value calculated by Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA). Based on the rapid search and fast convergence superiorities of FOA, it is possible to make up the casualness of DPC. An improved fruit fly optimization-based density peak clustering algorithm was proposed as FOA-DPC. The FOA-DPC algorithm would be more efficient and effective than DPC algorithm. The results of seven simulation experiments in UCI data sets validated that the proposed algorithm did not only have better clustering performance, but also were closer to the true clustering numbers. Furthermore, FOA-DPC was applied to practical financial data analysis and the conclusion was also effective

Improved Density Peak Clustering Algorithm Based on Choosing Strategy Automatically for Cut-off Distance and Cluster Centre

Due to the defect of quick search density peak clustering algorithm required an artificial attempt to determine the cut-off distance and circle the clustering centres, density peak clustering algorithm based on choosing strategy automatically for cut-off distance and cluster center (CSA-DP) is proposed. The algorithm introduces the improved idea of determining cut-off distance and clustering centres, according to the approximate distance that maximum density sample point to minimum density sample point and the variation of similarity between the points which may be clustering centres. First, obtaining the sample point density according to the k-nearest neighbour samples and tapping the sample sorting of the distance to the maximum density point; then finding the turning position of density trends and determining the cut-off distance on the basis of the turning position; finally, in view of the density peak clustering algorithm, finding the data points which may be the centres of the cluster, comparing the similarity between them and determining the final clustering centres. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm proposed in this paper can automatically determine the cut-off distance, circle the centres, and make the clustering results become more accurate. In the end, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the stock of 147 bio pharmaceutical listed companies by using the improved algorithm, which provides a reliable basis for the classification and evaluation of listed companies. It has a wide range of applicability

Overview of research progress on the association of dietary potassium intake with serum potassium and survival in hemodialysis patients, does dietary potassium restriction really benefit hemodialysis patients?

For the general population, increasing potassium intake can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, since hyperkalemia is a common and life-threatening complication in maintenance hemodialysis patients, which can increase the risk of malignant arrhythmia and sudden death, the current mainstream of management for hemodialysis patients is dietary potassium restriction in order to prevent hyperkalemia. Hemodialysis patients are usually advised to reduce dietary potassium intake and limit potassium-rich fruits and vegetables, but there is limited evidence to support this approach can reduce mortality and improve quality of life. There is still no consistent conclusion on the association between dietary potassium intake and serum potassium and survival in hemodialysis patients. According to the current small observational studies, there was little or even no association between dietary potassium intake and serum potassium in hemodialysis patients when assurance of adequate dialysis and specific dietary patterns (such as the plant-based diet mentioned in the article) are being followed, and excessive dietary potassium restriction may not benefit the survival of hemodialysis patients. Additionally, when assessing the effect of diet on serum potassium, researchers should not only focus on the potassium content of foods, but also consider the type of food and the content of other nutrients. However, more large-scale, multi-center clinical trials are required to provide high-quality evidence support. Besides, further research is also needed to determine the optimal daily potassium intake and beneficial dietary patterns for hemodialysis patients

Practice of Comparative Effectiveness Research to Identify Treatment Characteristics of Similar Chinese Patent Medicine for Angina Pectoris

Objective. Individualized application of TCM is not easy and may lead to undesirable results, such as poor effect or even adverse reactions. This trial aims to compare two common Chinese patent medicines with similar effects. Background of the Research. Four hospitals carried out the test at the same time in Tianjin city of China. Participants. 144 patients were involved in this study; all patients must meet the diagnostic criteria. Interventions. Qishen Yiqi pills, compound danshen pills, and their placebos; an efficacy analysis was conducted after the first medication and after crossover medication. Primary Outcome Measures. The primary index of end point includes Seattle Angina Questionnaire score-7 and score of 7-point Likert Scale; the curative effect was compared with minimal clinically important differences value. Result. Two drugs have their respective advantages in treating SAP. In practical application, the two drugs shall be discriminated in use based on patients’ specific symptoms. Trial Registration. Chinese clinical trials register is ChiCTR-TTRCC-14004406 (registered 23 March 2014)

An Experimental Study on the Establishment of Pulmonary Hypertension Model in Rats induced by Monocrotaline

Pulmonary hypertension is called PH for short. It is caused by the pulmonary artery vascular disease leading to pulmonary vascular resistance, and the increase right lung compartment load, which resulting in weakening or even collapse of the right ventricular function. The establishment of rat PH model under the action of monocrotaline is a repeatable, simple and accessible operation technique, which has been widely used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. This paper discusses the principle and properties of the PH model on rats under the monocrotaline action

Homozygous p.Ser267Phe in SLC10A1 is associated with a new type of hypercholanemia and implications for personalized medicine.

SLC10A1 codes for the sodium-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), which is a hepatocellular transporter for bile acids (BAs) and the receptor for hepatitis B and D viruses. NTCP is also a target of multiple drugs. We aimed to evaluate the medical consequences of the loss of function mutation p.Ser267Phe in SLC10A1. We identified eight individuals with homozygous p.Ser267Phe mutation in SLC10A1 and followed up for 8-90 months. We compared their total serum BAs and 6 species of BAs with 170 wild-type and 107 heterozygous healthy individuals. We performed in-depth medical examinations and exome sequencing in the homozygous individuals. All homozygous individuals had persistent hypercholanemia (P = 5.8 × 10-29). Exome sequencing excluded the involvement of other BA metabolism-associated genes in the hypercholanemia. Although asymptomatic, all individuals had low vitamin D levels. Of six adults that were subjected to bone mineral density analysis, three presented with osteoporosis/osteopenia. Sex hormones and blood lipids were deviated in all subjects. Homozygosity of p.Ser267Phe in SLC10A1 is associated with asymptomatic hypercholanemia. Individuals with homozygous p.Ser267Phe in SLC10A1 are prone to vitamin D deficiency, deviated sex hormones and blood lipids. Surveillance of these parameters may also be needed in patients treated with drugs targeting NTCP.This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471193, 81570539, 81370535, 91331204 and 31525014). S.X. acknowledges financial support from the Strategic Priority Research Program (XDB13040100) and Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (QYZDJ-SSW-SYS009) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)