15,996 research outputs found
Rare case of magnetic Ag ion: double perovskite CsKAgF
Normally or transition metals are in a low-spin state. Here using
first-principles calculations, we report on a rare case of a high-spin =1
magnetic state for the Ag ion in the double perovskite
CsKAgF. We also explored a possibility of a conventional low-spin
=0 ground state and find an associated tetragonal distortion to be 0.29
{\AA}. However, the lattice elastic energy cost and the Hund exchange loss
exceed the e crystal-field energy gain, thus making the low-spin
tetragonal structure less favorable than the high-spin cubic structure. We
conclude that the compact perovskite structure of CsKAgF is an
important factor in stabilizing the unusual high-spin ground state of
Ag.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in PR
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Melt conditioning by advanced shear technology (MCAST) for refining solidification microstructures
MCAST (melt conditioning by advanced shear technology) is a novel processing technology developed recently by BCAST at Brunel University for conditioning liquid metal prior to solidification processing. The MCAST process uses a twin screw mechanism to impose a high shear rate and a high intensity of turbulence to the liquid metal, so that the conditioned liquid metal has uniform temperature, uniform chemical composition and well-dispersed and completely wetted oxide particles with a fine size and a narrow size distribution. The microstructural refinement is achieved through an enhanced heterogeneous nucleation rate and an increased nuclei survival rate during the subsequent solidification processing. In this paper we present the MCAST process and its applications for microstructural refinement in both shape casting and continuous casting of light alloys
The Hyades open cluster is chemically inhomogeneous
We present a high-precision differential abundance analysis of 16 solar-type stars in the Hyades open cluster based on high resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ≈ 350 - 400) spectra obtained from the McDonald 2.7m telescope. We derived stellar parameters and differential chemical abundances for 19 elements (C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Ba) with uncertainties as low as ∼ 0.01 - 0.02 dex. Our main results include: (1) There is no clear chemical signature of
planet formation detected among the sample stars, i.e., no correlations in abundances
versus condensation temperature. (2) The observed abundance dispersions are a factor
of ≈ 1.5 - 2 larger than the average measurement errors for most elements. (3) There
are positive correlations, of high statistical significance, between the abundances of
at least 90% of pairs of elements. We demonstrate that none of these findings
can be explained by errors due to the stellar parameters. Our results reveal that
the Hyades is chemically inhomogeneous at the 0.02 dex level. Possible explanations
for the abundance variations include (1) inhomogeneous chemical evolution in the
proto-cluster environment, (2) supernova ejection in the proto-cluster cloud, and (3)
pollution of metal-poor gas before complete mixing of the proto-cluster cloud. Our
results provide significant new constraints on the chemical composition of open clusters
and a challenge to the current view of Galactic archeology
Fast Keyword Search over Encrypted Data with Short Ciphertext in Clouds
Nowadays, it is convenient for people to store their data on clouds. To protect the privacy, people tend to encrypt their data before uploading them to clouds. Due to the widespread use of cloud services, public key searchable encryption is necessary for users to search the encrypted files efficiently and correctly. However, the existing public key searchable encryption schemes supporting monotonic queries suffer from either infeasibility in keyword testing or inefficiency such as heavy computing cost of testing, large size of ciphertext or trapdoor, and so on. In this work, we first propose a novel and efficient anonymous key-policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE). Then by applying Shen et al.\u27s generic construction proposed to the proposed anonymous KP-ABE, we obtain an efficient and expressive public key searchable encryption, which to the best of our knowledge achieves the best performance in testing among the existing such schemes. Only 2 pairings is needed in testing. Besides, we also implement our scheme and others with Python for comparing the performance. From the implementation results, our scheme owns the best performance on testing, and the size of ciphertexts and trapdoors are smaller than most of the existing schemes
Numerical Investigation of a Coronal Mass Ejection from an Anemone Active Region: Reconnection and Deflection of the 2005 August 22 Eruption
We present a numerical investigation of the coronal evolution of a coronal
mass ejection (CME) on 2005 August 22 using a 3-D thermodynamics
magnetohydrodynamic model, the SWMF. The source region of the eruption was
anemone active region (AR) 10798, which emerged inside a coronal hole. We
validate our modeled corona by producing synthetic extreme ultraviolet (EUV)
images, which we compare to EIT images. We initiate the CME with an
out-of-equilibrium flux rope with an orientation and chirality chosen in
agreement with observations of a H-alpha filament. During the eruption, one
footpoint of the flux rope reconnects with streamer magnetic field lines and
with open field lines from the adjacent coronal hole. It yields an eruption
which has a mix of closed and open twisted field lines due to interchange
reconnection and only one footpoint line-tied to the source region. Even with
the large-scale reconnection, we find no evidence of strong rotation of the CME
as it propagates. We study the CME deflection and find that the effect of the
Lorentz force is a deflection of the CME by about 3 deg/Rsun towards the East
during the first 30 minutes of the propagation. We also produce coronagraphic
and EUV images of the CME, which we compare with real images, identifying a
dimming region associated with the reconnection process. We discuss the
implication of our results for the arrival at Earth of CMEs originating from
the limb and for models to explain the presence of open field lines in magnetic
clouds.Comment: 14 pages, 8 Figures, accepted to Astrophysical Journa
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