24,234 research outputs found
A Charge-Conjugation-Invariance Constrained Pomeron-Quark Coupling
The commonly used $\gamma_{\mu}} Pomeron-quark coupling changes its sign
under charge conjugation, in contradiction to the property of Pomeron. I show
that the Pomeron-quark coupling is tensorial and is invariant under the charge
conjugation.Comment: Presentation at The 10th International Baryons Conference, Oct.25-29,
2004, Palaiseau, France; 4 pages, 3 figure
Constant gap between conventional strategies and those based on C*-dynamics for self-embezzlement
We consider a bipartite transformation that we call \emph{self-embezzlement}
and use it to prove a constant gap between the capabilities of two models of
quantum information: the conventional model, where bipartite systems are
represented by tensor products of Hilbert spaces; and a natural model of
quantum information processing for abstract states on C*-algebras, where joint
systems are represented by tensor products of C*-algebras. We call this the
C*-circuit model and show that it is a special case of the commuting-operator
model (in that it can be translated into such a model). For the conventional
model, we show that there exists a constant such that
self-embezzlement cannot be achieved with precision parameter less than
(i.e., the fidelity cannot be greater than );
whereas, in the C*-circuit model---as well as in a commuting-operator
model---the precision can be (i.e., fidelity~)
Misplaced Trust: Measuring the Interference of Machine Learning in Human Decision-Making
ML decision-aid systems are increasingly common on the web, but their
successful integration relies on people trusting them appropriately: they
should use the system to fill in gaps in their ability, but recognize signals
that the system might be incorrect. We measured how people's trust in ML
recommendations differs by expertise and with more system information through a
task-based study of 175 adults. We used two tasks that are difficult for
humans: comparing large crowd sizes and identifying similar-looking animals.
Our results provide three key insights: (1) People trust incorrect ML
recommendations for tasks that they perform correctly the majority of the time,
even if they have high prior knowledge about ML or are given information
indicating the system is not confident in its prediction; (2) Four different
types of system information all increased people's trust in recommendations;
and (3) Math and logic skills may be as important as ML for decision-makers
working with ML recommendations.Comment: 10 page
Electrostatic Modulation of the Electronic Properties of Dirac Semimetal Na3Bi
Large-area thin films of topological Dirac semimetal NaBi are grown on
amorphous SiO:Si substrates to realise a field-effect transistor with the
doped Si acting as back gate. As-grown films show charge carrier mobilities
exceeding 7,000 cm/Vs and carrier densities below 3 10
cm, comparable to the best thin-film NaBi. An ambipolar field effect
and minimum conductivity are observed, characteristic of Dirac electronic
systems. The results are quantitatively understood within a model of
disorder-induced charge inhomogeneity in topological Dirac semimetals. Due to
the inverted band structure, the hole mobility is significantly larger than the
electron mobility in NaBi, and when present, these holes dominate the
transport properties.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; minor corrections and revisions for readabilit
Quark Effects in the Gluon Condensate Contribution to the Scalar Glueball Correlation Function
One-loop quark contributions to the dimension-four gluon condensate term in
the operator product expansion (OPE) of the scalar glueball correlation
function are calculated in the MS-bar scheme in the chiral limit of quark
flavours. The presence of quark effects is shown not to alter the cancellation
of infrared (IR) singularities in the gluon condensate OPE coefficients. The
dimension-four gluonic condensate term represents the leading power corrections
to the scalar glueball correlator and, therein, the one-loop logarithmic
contributions provide the most important condensate contribution to those QCD
sum-rules independent of the low-energy theorem (the subtracted sum-rules).Comment: latex2e, 6 pages, 7 figures embedded in latex fil
PASSPORT-seq: A Novel High-Throughput Bioassay to Functionally Test Polymorphisms in Micro-RNA Target Sites
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies have identified large numbers of genetic variants that are predicted to alter miRNA-mRNA interactions. We developed a novel high-throughput bioassay, PASSPORT-seq, that can functionally test in parallel 100s of these variants in miRNA binding sites (mirSNPs). The results are highly reproducible across both technical and biological replicates. The utility of the bioassay was demonstrated by testing 100 mirSNPs in HEK293, HepG2, and HeLa cells. The results of several of the variants were validated in all three cell lines using traditional individual luciferase assays. Fifty-five mirSNPs were functional in at least one of three cell lines (FDR ≤ 0.05); 11, 36, and 27 of them were functional in HEK293, HepG2, and HeLa cells, respectively. Only four of the variants were functional in all three cell lines, which demonstrates the cell-type specific effects of mirSNPs and the importance of testing the mirSNPs in multiple cell lines. Using PASSPORT-seq, we functionally tested 111 variants in the 3' UTR of 17 pharmacogenes that are predicted to alter miRNA regulation. Thirty-three of the variants tested were functional in at least one cell line
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