Study of photon detection efficiency and position resolution of BESIII electromagnetic calorimeter

We study the photon detection efficiency and position resolution of the electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) of the BESIII experiment. The control sample of the initial-state-radiation (ISR) process of $e^+e^-\rightarrow \gamma \mu^+\mu^-$ is used at $J/\psi$ and $\psi(3770)$ resonances for the EMC calibration and photon detection efficiency study. Photon detection efficiency is defined as the predicted photon, obtained by performing a kinematic fit with two muon tracks, matched with real photons in the EMC. The spatial resolution of the EMC is defined as the separation in polar ($\theta$) and azimuthal ($\phi$) angles between charged track and associated cluster centroid on the front face of the EMC crystals.Comment: 5 page

Development of chitosan-based blend hollow fiber membranes for adsorptive separation in environmental engineering and bioengineering applications

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

User Perspectives On Adoption Of A Hybrid Tagging System: A Case Of Topic Structure Of Zhihu Knowledge Community

Social tagging system has been prevalent thanks to its user-centric and flexible features. However, it suffers from its uncontrolled vocabulary and loose connection between tags. To overcome their drawbacks, a hybrid tagging system, which combines the ideas of the traditional taxonomy and social tagging, is adopting by some online knowledge communities. The top layers of the hybrid tagging system are determined by the website designer, while the bottom layers are constructed by users under certain restrictions. Due to the absence of sufficient research on user acceptance of this hybrid tagging system, cognitive factors affecting user adoption of the system is explored in this paper with topic structure of Zhihu, the famous Chinese knowledge community. An integrated model is proposed based on technology acceptance model and social cognitive theory. A survey will be conducted to empirically verify relationships between proposed constructs and actual usage. The research is expected to provide guidance for incremental improvement on a hybrid tagging system or development on new tagging systems

Increased Air Pollution Causing Cancers and Its Rapid Online Monitoring

Pollution of indoor and outdoor air has considerably been taken attention abroad as an important environmental problem, and there is sufficient evidence that exposure to outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer and other cancers. Therefore, the current situation of air pollution will be deeply discussed, and a portable environmental gas monitor integrated by a variety of highly sensitive sensors will be developed for rapidly monitoring air pollution, which is able to provide scientific data for environmental pollution control. By this way, human beings are able to be far away from cancer caused by environmental pollution and its suffering

Enzyme Biosensors for Point-of-Care Testing

Biosensors are devices that integrate a variety of technologies, containing biology, electronics, chemistry, physics, medicine, informatics, and correlated technology. Biosensors act as transducer with a biorecognition element and transform a biochemical reaction on the transducer surface directly into a measurable signal. The biosensors have the advantages of rapid analysis, low cost, and high precision, which are widely used in many fields, such as medical care, disease diagnosis, food detection, environmental monitoring, and fermentation industry. The enzyme biosensors show excellent application value owing to the development of fixed technology and the characteristics of specific identification, which can be combined with point-of-care testing (POCT) technology. POCT technology is attracting more and more attention as a very effective method of clinic detection. We outline the recent advances of biosensors in this chapter, focusing on the principle and classification of enzyme biosensor, immobilization method of biorecognition layers, and fabrication of amperometric biosensors, as well as the applications of POCT. A summary of glucose biosensor development and integrated setups is included. The latest applications of enzyme biosensors in diagnostic applications focusing on POCT of biomarkers in real samples were described

The Prevalence of Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity according to Different Criteria

Objective: Obesity-related disease risks may vary depending on whether the subject has metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). At least 5 definitions/criteria of obesity and metabolic disorders have been documented in the literature, yielding uncertainties in a reliable international comparison of obesity phenotype prevalence. This report aims to compare differences in MHO and MUO prevalence according to the 5 most frequently used definitions. Methods: A random sample of 4,757 adults aged 35 years and older (male 51.1%) was enrolled. Obesity was defined either according to body mass index or waist circumference, and the definitions of metabolic abnormalities were derived from 5 different criteria. Results: In MHO, the highest prevalence was obtained when using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) criteria (13.6%), followed by the Chinese Diabetes Society (11.4%), Adult Treatment Panel III (10.3%), Wildman (5.2%), and Karelis (4.2%) criteria; however, the MUO prevalence had an opposite trend to MHO prevalence. The magnitude of differences in the age-specific prevalence of MHO and MUO varied greatly and ranked in different orders. The proportion of insulin resistance for MHO and MUO individuals differed significantly regardless of which metabolic criterion was used. Conclusion: The prevalence of MHO and MUO in the Chinese population varies according to different definitions of obesity and metabolic disorders

Complement C3 Produced by Macrophages Promotes Renal Fibrosis via IL-17A Secretion

Complement synthesis in cells of origin is strongly linked to the pathogenesis and progression of renal disease. Multiple studies have examined local C3 synthesis in renal disease and elucidated the contribution of local cellular sources, but the contribution of infiltrating inflammatory cells remains unclear. We investigate the relationships among C3, macrophages and Th17 cells, which are involved in interstitial fibrosis. Here, we report that increased local C3 expression, mainly by monocyte/macrophages, was detected in renal biopsy specimens and was correlated with the severity of renal fibrosis (RF) and indexes of renal function. In mouse models of UUO (unilateral ureteral obstruction), we found that local C3 was constitutively expressed throughout the kidney in the interstitium, from which it was released by F4/80+macrophages. After the depletion of macrophages using clodronate, mice lacking macrophages exhibited reductions in C3 expression and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Blocking C3 expression with a C3 and C3aR inhibitor provided similar protection against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. These protective effects were associated with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, renal recruitment of inflammatory cells, and the Th17 response. in vitro, recombinant C3a significantly enhanced T cell proliferation and IL-17A expression, which was mediated through phosphorylation of ERK, STAT3, and STAT5 and activation of NF-kB in T cells. More importantly, blockade of C3a by a C3aR inhibitor drastically suppressed IL-17A expression in C3a-stimulated T cells. We propose that local C3 secretion by macrophages leads to IL-17A-mediated inflammatory cell infiltration into the kidney, which further drives fibrogenic responses. Our findings suggest that inhibition of the C3a/C3aR pathway is a novel therapeutic approach for obstructive nephropathy