Модифікація імунної відповіді на ксеногенні ембріональні протеїни ад’ювантами мікробного походження

Blood serum of BALB/c mice immunized with chicken embryonic proteins (CEP) in combination with adjuvantsof microbial origin has been investigated by methods of enzyme immunoassay and immunoblotting. The analysisof accumulation of antibodies to CE P and the study of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of lymphocytes against thetumor cells of the model suggest that the use of adjuvants of microbial origin, such as protein-containing metabolitesof culture fluid (18.5 and 70 kDa) and lipid fraction of В. subtilis B-7025 cells; S. aureus cell-wall peptidoglycan,contributes to credible strengthening of immune response to fetal antigens. The results of the study are the basisfor creating xenogenic cancer vaccine.Методами иммуноферментного анализа и иммуноблотта исследовано сыворотки крови мышей линии ВALB/с, иммунизированных эмбриональными протеинами курицы в комбинации с адъювантами микробногопроисхождения. Анализ уровня накопления антител к этим протеинам и изучение антителозависимой цитотоксичности лимфоцитов по отношению к клеткам модельных опухолей разрешают сделать вывод, что использование адъювантов микробного происхождения – протеиносодержащих метаболитовкультуральной жидкости (18,5 и 70 кДа) и липидной фракции клеток В. subtilis B-7025; пептидогликана клеток S. аureus способствует достоверному усилению иммунного ответа на фетальные антигены. Результаты исследования являются основой для конструирования ксеногенной противоопухолевой вакцины.Методами імуноферментного аналізу та імуноблоту досліджено сироватки крові мишей лінії ВALB/с,імунізованих ембріональними протеїнами курки в комбінації з ад’ювантами мікробного походження. Аналізрівня накопичення антитіл до цих протеїнів та вивчення антитілозалежної цитотоксичності лімфоцитіввідносно клітин модельних пухлин дозволяють зробити висновок, що використання ад’ювантів мікробногопоходження – протеїновмісних метаболітів культуральної рідини (18,5 і 70 кДа) та ліпідної фракції клітинВ. subtilis B-7025; пептидоглікану клітин S. аureus сприяє вірогідному підсиленню імунної відповіді нафетальні антигени. Результати дослідження є підґрунтям для конструювання ксеногенної протипухлинноївакцини

Modeling and characterization of TES-based detectors for the Ricochet experiment

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS) offers a valuable approach in searching for physics beyond the Standard Model. The Ricochet experiment aims to perform a precision measurement of the CE$\nu$NS spectrum at the Institut Laue-Langevin nuclear reactor with cryogenic solid-state detectors. The experiment plans to employ an array of cryogenic thermal detectors, each with a mass around 30 g and an energy threshold of sub-100 eV. The array includes nine detectors read out by Transition-Edge Sensors (TES). These TES based detectors will also serve as demonstrators for future neutrino experiments with thousands of detectors. In this article we present an update in the characterization and modeling of a prototype TES detector.Comment: Submitted to LTD20 proceedin

Scintillation yield from electronic and nuclear recoils in superfluid 4^4He

Superfluid $^4$He is a promising target material for direct detection of light ($<$ 1 GeV) dark matter. Possible signal channels available for readout in this medium include prompt photons, triplet excimers, and roton and phonon quasiparticles. The relative yield of these signals has implications for the sensitivity and discrimination power of a superfluid $^4$He dark matter detector. Using a 16~cm$^3$ volume of 1.75~K superfluid $^4$He read out by six immersed photomultiplier tubes, we measured the scintillation from electronic recoils ranging between 36.3 and 185 keV$_\mathrm{ee}$, yielding a mean signal size of $1.25^{+0.03}_{-0.03}$~phe/keV$_\mathrm{ee}$, and nuclear recoils from 53.2 to 1090 keV$_\mathrm{nr}$. We compare the results of our relative scintillation yield measurements to an existing semiempirical model based on helium-helium and electron-helium interaction cross sections. We also study the behavior of delayed scintillation components as a function of recoil type and energy, a further avenue for signal discrimination in superfluid $^4$He.Comment: 17 pages, 19 figure

Annual Fecundity of Tautog in Long Island Sound: Size Effects and Long-Term Changes in a Harvested Population

Abstract.—Few studies estimate the impact of individual size on annual reproductive output, which is an important consideration where size-selective harvest may truncate size distributions and sharply reduce populationwide reproductive potential. We conducted a 2-year study of reproduction in field-collected and captive tautog Tautoga onitis from Long Island Sound to investigate the influence of individual size on components that constitute annual fecundity: batch fecundity, spawning frequency, and season duration. Estimates of spawning frequency in field-caught females relied on time-varying features of postovulatory follicles that we validated in experiments conducted on captive spawners.Mature females collected in the wild demonstrated midseason peaks in spawning frequency and batch size. Both spawning frequency and batch fecundity increased significantly with size. As a result, annual fecundity increased sharply with size: large (500-mm) females produced 24–86 times as many eggs as did small (250-mm) females. Average (400-mm) females spawned 10–16 million eggs over a season, or about 10,000 eggs/g of whole body mass. We estimated temporal changes in populationwide egg production with data from a 22-year trawl survey in Long Island Sound. Over this period, an index of abundance declined by a factor of six and size distributions shifted to smaller fish. Despite the shift in size distribution, estimated annual egg production declined no more than the index of abundance because the sex ratio of the population has become female biased. Estimates of tautog annual fecundity were higher than those reported previously in the southern portion of the species’ range, reflecting genetic differentiation or phenotypic responses to environmental effects. Given the relatively large reproductive output of large females, their abundance is likely to influence the rate of population recovery in Long Island Sound