A Language Arts Program for Pasco Senior High School Arrived at Through Group Participation

This study through group consideration, attempted to devise an actual course of study for the language arts at Pasco Senior High School, Pasco, Washington, that would (1) insure basic achievements in each of the language arts for each student; (2) eliminate duplication in teaching previously learned material; (3) give the student opportunity to do makeup and/or catch-up work if necessary without the competition presented by more advanced students; (4) keep alive and foster (by advancement) students’ interest in English; (5) give opportunity for the student to cover as much of the language arts as his ability and ambition permit; and (6) make the program practical for both the college-bound student and the terminal student

Optimization of magnetic actuation protocol to enhance mass transfer in solid/liquid microfluidic systems

This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.The dynamic properties of a 250 m magnetic microparticle in a time varying magnetic field have been studied in a PDMS microreactor with a diameter of 13 mm using a dual coupled quadrupolar arrangement of electromagnets. A sinusoidal applied magnetic field has dictated a circular motion of the particles in the microreactor in the frequency range below 0.6 Hz. Different circular motion modes have been observed at higher frequencies of the applied field. The particular symmetric arrangement of the magnets has allowed a non-steady-state motion with variation in velocity between magnetic poles. The motion of magnetic particle has been described in terms of average velocity and mean square deviation from average velocity. The effect of actuation protocol parameters (frequency, magnetic field strength and phase shift) on particle velocity and acceleration has been investigated. The maximum average velocity of 0.016 m/s has been observed under an optimized actuation protocol. The mass transfer rate towards the particle surface is mainly influenced by the average velocity while the effect of acceleration/deceleration of the particle has an order of magnitude less influence

Magnetic actuation of microparticles for mass transfer enhancement

This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.The motion of magnetic microparticles (250μm diameter) in a circular microfluidic reactor with a diameter of 10 mm under time dependent magnetic field has been studied using CFD code COMSOL. The effect of actuation protocol on the local and average particle velocity has been investigated. The local Sh numbers were obtained as a function of angular particle position in the range of Re numbers between 0.05 and 10 while the particle velocity was changed over two orders of magnitude. Under time dependent magnetic field, the thickness of the boundary layer continuously changes which results in an increased mass transfer towards the particle surface under periodic particle velocity conditions as compared to steady state velocity conditions. A good agreement between numerical and experimental data has been observed

Labour and employment creation with African resource development

Natural resources are an assured source of government revenue, but this does not always translate into more jobs, better productivity or an increased demand for that country. Traditionally, the role of government in a resource-rich country has always been to act in the best interests of its citizens. In the case of natural resource-rich nations, this role also includes ensuring that jobs in the extractive sector are safe – both in the physical and financial sense. In such competitive environments, the private sector also has a fiduciary responsibility to ensure that all employees are fairly treated. However, it is evident that almost all African nations that are rich in resources are affected by lack of human development. This article examines the current state of affairs in the resource-rich African nations and their impact on human development. It focuses on how these resource-dependent economies are experiencing economic growth and why this growth does not directly translate into higher and better employment for the local populations. The article examines growth and human development from the perspectives of both the private- and public-sector actors. It recommends that private actors should have a complementary approach, through foreign direct investors or other modes, to the long-term policies and plans set out by the state. This approach would allow for successful intersectoral linkages and community development through higher job creation. It argues that the state is responsible for managing these natural resources and highlights the role of governance in this management. Governance issues, challenges, such as developmental gains, job creation, transparency and accountability are all addressed in the article. Finally, the article strongly recommends developing both human and institutional capital and regulating production.Keywords: Resource development, resource curse, Africa, governance,management

CD169+ subcapsular sinus macrophages are necessary for adjuvant activity of TLR ligands and antigen deposition onto follicular dendritic cells

Vaccines are credited with saving millions of lives, yet there still remain infectious diseases with no effective vaccine. Subunit vaccines contain specific components from pathogens, which, cannot stimulate the immune system alone, necessitating the inclusion of an immunostimualtory adjuvant. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, due to their immunostimualliting ability are being explored as potential adjuvants. To further advance vaccine development, thorough investigations need to be performed to characterize cellular interactions within the immune system after stimulation and how adjuvants affect this process including antigen distribution within the draining lymph node. Our studies have focused on a TLR2/TLR1-ligand based adjuvant, PorB, the major outer membrane protein from Neisseria meningitidis. We hypothesized that TLR adjuvants would increase antigen deposition onto follicular dendritic cells (FDC) which would enhance high affinity antibody production and that depletion or knockouts of subcapsular sinus CD169+ macrophages would negatively affect antibody production. We demonstrated that PorB increased FDC frequency and antigen deposition on these FDCs. Further studies examined the role of CD169+ macrophages in PorB adjuvanticity using low-dose clodronate treated mice (which preferentially removes CD169+ macrophages), or CD169 knockout mice. Compared to wildtype controls, low-dose clodronate mice and CD169 knockout mice had greatly decreased antibody response with the use or PorB as an adjuvant along with decreased antigen deposition on FDCs. Together, these data emphasize the effect of adjuvant stimulation on cellular interactions antigen distribution in lymph nodes along with the unique ability of PorB to affect this process

Independent Study: Review of \u3cem\u3eSecurity, Risk, and the Biometric State: Governing Borders and Bodies\u3c/em\u3e

In the post-9/11 world defined by a newfound focus on biometric technologies and heightened efforts of security, Benjamin J. Muller explores the development of a “biometric state” and “virtual borders.” He analyzes their effect on citizenship and immigration with a focus on the effect on citizenship and the resultant criminalization of peaceful citizens, as well as argues that the use of biometrics causes the negligence of false positives and the proliferation of virtual borders into everyday life. Through examinations of airport biometric use, the NEXUS trusted traveler program, and TSA, as well as case studies of countries that have attempted to integrate biometric technologies into their the book investigates the rationale of “governing through risk.

"Hate-Man Timon": A Study of Misanthropy in Shakespaare's Flays

In recent years it has been generally accepted that the difficulties in the text of Shakespeare's primarily from the fact that for some reason or other Shakespeare left the play unfinished. Although critics have advanced several theories, some biographical and some dramatic, to explain why Shakespeare might have abandoned the play, none of these explanations sufficiently considers the formidable problems surrounding the dramatic presentation of misanthropy. Because the unqualified hate is an emotion which most human beings find repugnant. it is difficult to present a genuine misanthrope as a sympathetic character. For this reason the most successful dramatic of misanthropy, such as Moliere's forester or Menander's, have aimed the audience the chance to ridicule the misanthrop's even while it sympathizes Nith some of his condemnations of humanity. This tendency was particularly intense in the early seventeenth century, when the story of Timon, the arch-misanthrope, was commonly used as a cautionary example of degenerate behaviour. Shakespeare• s problems would have been further increased by the fact that misanthropy finds expression chiefly through words rather than through deeds, and thus does not easily lend itself to a theatrical presentation. Because the misanthrope normally reveals his hatred of mankind in long tirades; and because his condition is not subject to change or development, there is always the danger that a play containing such a character will degenerate into a static series of abusive debates. This danger is especially prevalent then, as in the case of Shakespeare's Timon, the misanthrope becomes the central figure. This thesis examines Shakespeare's depiction of misanthropy in the light of Elizabethan attitudes and practical stage considerations. In the first two chapters, I study sixteenth and early seventeenth century treatments of misanthropy and the Timon story in an effort to discover what preconceived ideas an Elizabethan audience might have brought to Shakespeare's play. I have discovered that a significant number of didactic writers vigorously condemned misanthropy, either as a beastly vice born of envy, or as a symptom of insanity. So intent were they on centering Timon's behaviour, that they frequently altered Plutarch's account of the Timon story to depict the arch-misanthrope as an active seeker after man's destruction. By contrast, the period's literary works tended to depict the misanthrope as a figure of fun, either by exposing him to direct ridicule, or by associating him physically or metaphorically with the figure of the Renaissance Fool. The third chapter introduces two non-Shakespearean stage misanthropes, Bohan from Greene's James IV, and the protagonist of the anonymous Timon Play, and examines the difficulties surrounding their presentation. In the fourth chapter I discuss Shakespeare's use of misanthropy as a character trait in several figures who are not themselves misanthropes. Chapter five and six deal with two Shakespearean comic misanthropes, Jaques from As You Like It and Thersites from Troilus and Cressida, and examine the ways in which Shakespeare has surmounted the theatrical problems outlined earlier. Finally, I offer a detailed study of Timon of Athens, to show how Shakespeare attempts to build up sympathy for Timon in the first three: acts through this behaviour of the Athenians, the comments of Flavius and Apemantus, and the Alcibiades subplot; and then counts on this buildup of sympathy to carry through to the end of the play. I conclude, however, that for all its subtlety cf construction, Timon of Athens fails as a tragedy, primarily because of the intransigence of its subject matter. I believe that my approach should prove useful to a more detailed understanding of the play's dramatic structure.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD