224 research outputs found
Memory in Self Organized Criticality
Many natural phenomena exhibit power law behaviour in the distribution of
event size. This scaling is successfully reproduced by Self Organized
Criticality (SOC). On the other hand, temporal occurrence in SOC models has a
Poisson-like statistics, i.e. exponential behaviour in the inter-event time
distribution, in contrast with experimental observations. We present a SOC
model with memory: events are nucleated not only as a consequence of the
instantaneous value of the local field with respect to the firing threshold,
but on the basis of the whole history of the system. The model is able to
reproduce the complex behaviour of inter-event time distribution, in excellent
agreement with experimental seismic data
Gait generation for underactuated compass-like robots using dissipative forces in the controller
This work addresses the problem of gait generation in underactuated compass-like biped robots using dissipative forces in the controller. Three different controllers are presented. The first one is a simultaneous interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control with dissipative forces. The second one is an energy pumping-and-damping control, while the third one is an energy pumping or damping control action. Numerical case studies, comparisons, and critical discussions evaluate the performance of the proposed approaches
Crossover in Growth Law and Violation of Superuniversality in the Random Field Ising Model
We study the nonconserved phase ordering dynamics of the d = 2, 3 random
field Ising model, quenched to below the critical temperature. Motivated by the
puzzling results of previous work in two and three di- mensions, reporting a
crossover from power-law to logarithmic growth, together with superuniversal
behavior of the correlation function, we have undertaken a careful
investigation of both the domain growth law and the autocorrelation function.
Our main results are as follows: We confirm the crossover to asymptotic
logarithmic behavior in the growth law, but, at variance with previous
findings, the exponent in the preasymptotic power law is disorder-dependent,
rather than being the one of the pure system. Furthermore, we find that the
autocorre- lation function does not display superuniversal behavior. This
restores consistency with previous results for the d = 1 system, and fits
nicely into the unifying scaling scheme we have recently proposed in the study
of the random bond Ising model.Comment: To be published in Physical Review
The influence of the brittle-ductile transition zone on aftershock and foreshock occurrence
Aftershock occurrence is characterized by scaling behaviors with quite universal exponents. At the same time, deviations from universality have been proposed as a tool to discriminate aftershocks from foreshocks. Here we show that the change in rheological behavior of the crust, from velocity weakening to velocity strengthening, represents a viable mechanism to explain statistical features of both aftershocks and foreshocks. More precisely, we present a model of the seismic fault described as a velocity weakening elastic layer coupled to a velocity strengthening visco-elastic layer. We show that the statistical properties of aftershocks in instrumental catalogs are recovered at a quantitative level, quite independently of the value of model parameters. We also find that large earthquakes are often anticipated by a preparatory phase characterized by the occurrence of foreshocks. Their magnitude distribution is significantly flatter than the aftershock one, in agreement with recent results for forecasting tools based on foreshocks
Test of Local Scale Invariance from the direct measurement of the response function in the Ising model quenched to and to below
In order to check on a recent suggestion that local scale invariance
[M.Henkel et al. Phys.Rev.Lett. {\bf 87}, 265701 (2001)] might hold when the
dynamics is of Gaussian nature, we have carried out the measurement of the
response function in the kinetic Ising model with Glauber dynamics quenched to
in , where Gaussian behavior is expected to apply, and in the two
other cases of the model quenched to and to below , where
instead deviations from Gaussian behavior are expected to appear. We find that
in the case there is an excellent agreement between the numerical data,
the local scale invariance prediction and the analytical Gaussian
approximation. No logarithmic corrections are numerically detected. Conversely,
in the cases, both in the quench to and to below , sizable
deviations of the local scale invariance behavior from the numerical data are
observed. These results do support the idea that local scale invariance might
miss to capture the non Gaussian features of the dynamics. The considerable
precision needed for the comparison has been achieved through the use of a fast
new algorithm for the measurement of the response function without applying the
external field. From these high quality data we obtain for
the scaling exponent of the response function in the Ising model quenched
to below , in agreement with previous results.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures. Resubmitted version with improved discussions
and figure
Nonlinear response and fluctuation dissipation relations
A unified derivation of the off equilibrium fluctuation dissipation relations
(FDR) is given for Ising and continous spins to arbitrary order, within the
framework of Markovian stochastic dynamics. Knowledge of the FDR allows to
develop zero field algorithms for the efficient numerical computation of the
response functions. Two applications are presented. In the first one, the
problem of probing for the existence of a growing cooperative length scale is
considered in those cases, like in glassy systems, where the linear FDR is of
no use. The effectiveness of an appropriate second order FDR is illustrated in
the test case of the Edwards-Anderson spin glass in one and two dimensions. In
the second one, the important problem of the definition of an off equilibrium
effective temperature through the nonlinear FDR is considered. It is shown
that, in the case of coarsening systems, the effective temperature derived from
the second order FDR is consistent with the one obtained from the linear FDR.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figure
Coexistence of coarsening and mean field relaxation in the long-range Ising chain
We study the kinetics after a low temperature quench of the one-dimensional Ising model with long range interactions between spins at distance r decaying as r-α. For α = 0, i.e. mean field, all spins evolve coherently quickly driving the system towards a magnetised state. In the weak long range regime with α > 1 there is a coarsening behaviour with competing domains of opposite sign without development of magnetisation. For strong long range, i.e. 0 < α < 1, we show that the system shows both features, with probability Pα(N) of having the latter one, with the different limiting behaviours limN→∞ Pα(N) = 0 (at fixed α < 1) and limα→1 Pα(N) = 1 (at fixed finite N). We discuss how this behaviour is a manifestation of an underlying dynamical scaling symmetry due to the presence of a single characteristic time τα(N) ∼ Nα
Kinetics and mechanism of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol exchange between chylomicrons and high-density lipoproteins
A Flexible Robotic Depalletizing System for Supermarket Logistics
Depalletizing robotic systems are commonly deployed to automatize and speed-up parts of logistic processes. Despite this, the necessity to adapt the preexisting logistic processes to the automatic systems often impairs the application of such robotic solutions to small business realities like supermarkets. In this work we propose a robotic depalletizing system designed to be easily integrated into supermarket logistic processes. The system has to schedule, monitor and adapt the depalletizing process considering both on-line perceptual information given by non-invasive sensors and constraints provided by the high-level management system or by a supervising user. We describe the overall system discussing two case studies in the context of a supermarket logistic process. We show how the proposed system can manage multiple depalletizing strategies and multiple logistic requests
Maternal treatment with sodium butyrate reduces the development of autism-like traits in mice offspring
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