Damaged DNA Binding Protein 2 Plays a Role in Breast Cancer Cell Growth

The Damaged DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2), is involved in nucleotide excision repair as well as in other biological processes in normal cells, including transcription and cell cycle regulation. Loss of DDB2 function may be related to tumor susceptibility. However, hypothesis of this study was that DDB2 could play a role in breast cancer cell growth, resulting in its well known interaction with the proliferative marker E2F1 in breast neoplasia. DDB2 gene was overexpressed in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (MCF-7 and T47D), but not in ER-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB231 and SKBR3) or normal mammary epithelial cell lines. In addition, DDB2 expression was significantly (3.0-fold) higher in ER-positive than in ER-negative tumor samples (P = 0.0208) from 16 patients with breast carcinoma. Knockdown of DDB2 by small interfering RNA in MCF-7 cells caused a decrease in cancer cell growth and colony formation. Inversely, introduction of the DDB2 gene into MDA-MB231 cells stimulated growth and colony formation. Cell cycle distribution and 5 Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation by flow cytometry analysis showed that the growth-inhibiting effect of DDB2 knockdown was the consequence of a delayed G1/S transition and a slowed progression through the S phase of MCF-7 cells. These results were supported by a strong decrease in the expression of S phase markers (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, cyclin E and dihydrofolate reductase). These findings demonstrate for the first time that DDB2 can play a role as oncogene and may become a promising candidate as a predictive marker in breast cancer

Contemporary European practice in transcatheter aortic valve implantation: results from the 2022 European TAVI Pathway Registry

BackgroundA steep rise in the use of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for the management of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis occurred. Minimalist TAVI procedures and streamlined patient pathways within experienced Heart Valve Centres are designed to overcome the challenges of ever-increasing procedural volume.AimsThe 2022 European TAVI Pathway Survey aims to describe contemporary TAVI practice across Europe.Materials and methodsBetween October and December 2022, TAVI operators from 32 European countries were invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding their current practice.ResultsResponses were available from 147 TAVI centres in 26 countries. In 2021, the participating centres performed a total number of 27,223 TAVI procedures, with a mean of 185 TAVI cases per centre (median 138; IQR 77–194). Treatment strategies are usually (87%) discussed at a dedicated Heart Team meeting. Transfemoral TAVI is performed with local anaesthesia only (33%), with associated conscious sedation (60%), or under general anaesthesia (7%). Primary vascular access is percutaneous transfemoral (99%) with secondary radial access (52%). After uncomplicated TAVI, patients are transferred to a high-, medium-, or low-care unit in 28%, 52%, and 20% of cases, respectively. Time to discharge is day 1 (12%), day 2 (31%), day 3 (29%), or day 4 or more (28%).ConclusionReported adoption of minimalist TAVI techniques is common among European TAVI centres, but rates of next-day discharge remain low. This survey highlights the significant progress made in refining TAVI treatment and pathways in recent years and identifies possible areas for further improvement

Development of novel stem-cell therapies for cardiac diseases and critical hindlimb ischemia : involvement of the Wnt/Frizzled pathway

La thérapie cellulaire suscite de grands espoirs dans le domaine cardiovasculaire. Cependant les premières études humaines sont décevantes. Parmi les explications avancées, citons un mauvais choix de cellules, une méthode de délivrance inadéquate, une préparation des cellules et des tissus hôtes insuffisante ou une trop grande mortalité cellulaire après injection.Durant ce travail nous avons voulu explorer 3 pistes d’optimisation de la thérapie cellulaire à visée pro-angiogénique utilisant les cellules souches mésenchymateuses (MSC) et contribué à l’exploration des mécanismes mis en jeu, en particulier en explorant le rôle du système Wnt/Frizzled.Nous avons tout d’abord étudié un système original de délivrance de cellules utilisant un « patch » musculaire cousu en regard d’un myocarde infarci de souris. Puis nous avons étudié l’effet d’une surexpression de sFRP1, inhibiteur de la voie Wnt, sur un modèle de matrice sous cutanée. Enfin, nous avons testé l’hypothèse qu’un préconditionnement hypoxique des cellules permettrait une meilleure survie cellulaire et améliorerait la réparation vasculaire et tissulaire après ischémie de patte chez la souris.Nos résultats permettent notamment de montrer que les MSC ont des capacités d’invasion des tissus ischémiques et qu’elles se différencient en péricytes en formant un réseau tridimensionnel de soutien aux cellules endothéliales. Par ailleurs, via sFRP1, nous mettons en évidence un rôle du système Wnt/Fzd dans l’effet pro-angiogénique. Enfin, nous montrons l’intérêt du préconditionnement hypoxique dont les effets sont médiés par Wnt4.L’ensemble de ces données permet d’envisager des voies d’optimisation de la thérapie cellulaire.Some of the challenges facing stem-cell therapy for cardiac disease are which type of stem cell or progenitor cell is the best candidate for therapy, how to survive in the low oxygen environment of ischemic myocardium. Here we studied the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as vascular progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo, and we studied the effects of sFRP-1/Wnt signaling modulation or hypoxia on MSC properties. First, we demonstrated the beneficial effect of MSC application on ischemic heart repair using an original surgical model (patch) to deliver stem cells. This study showed that the contribution of the MSCs in the mouse infarcted myocardium was beneficial either on the scar (increase in angiogenesis, in cell proliferation, reduction in ventricular remodeling) or on the trophicity of the patch.Then we characterized the angiogenic properties of MSC in vitro and in vivo. Our data demonstrate that MSCs could be recruited and formed vascular structures around endothelial tubes. We showed in vivo that the surexpression of sFRP-1 (regulating factor of the Wnt system) in MSCs increased their potential of pericyte-like cells correlated with an increased maturation of the vessels via an intracellular GSK-3 dependent pathway in MSCs. Our next objective was to investigate the effects of hypoxia exposure on MSC before implantation for vascular and tissue regeneration in mice with hind limb ischemia. Our data suggest that hypoxic preconditioning has a critical role on MSC dynamic functions, shifting MSC location in situ to enhance ischemic tissue recovery, facilitating vascular cell mobilization and skeletal myoblast regeneration via a paracrine Wnt dependent mechanism

Development of novel stem-cell therapies for cardiac diseases and critical hindlimb ischemia : involvement of the Wnt/Frizzled pathway

La thérapie cellulaire suscite de grands espoirs dans le domaine cardiovasculaire. Cependant les premières études humaines sont décevantes. Parmi les explications avancées, citons un mauvais choix de cellules, une méthode de délivrance inadéquate, une préparation des cellules et des tissus hôtes insuffisante ou une trop grande mortalité cellulaire après injection.Durant ce travail nous avons voulu explorer 3 pistes d’optimisation de la thérapie cellulaire à visée pro-angiogénique utilisant les cellules souches mésenchymateuses (MSC) et contribué à l’exploration des mécanismes mis en jeu, en particulier en explorant le rôle du système Wnt/Frizzled.Nous avons tout d’abord étudié un système original de délivrance de cellules utilisant un « patch » musculaire cousu en regard d’un myocarde infarci de souris. Puis nous avons étudié l’effet d’une surexpression de sFRP1, inhibiteur de la voie Wnt, sur un modèle de matrice sous cutanée. Enfin, nous avons testé l’hypothèse qu’un préconditionnement hypoxique des cellules permettrait une meilleure survie cellulaire et améliorerait la réparation vasculaire et tissulaire après ischémie de patte chez la souris.Nos résultats permettent notamment de montrer que les MSC ont des capacités d’invasion des tissus ischémiques et qu’elles se différencient en péricytes en formant un réseau tridimensionnel de soutien aux cellules endothéliales. Par ailleurs, via sFRP1, nous mettons en évidence un rôle du système Wnt/Fzd dans l’effet pro-angiogénique. Enfin, nous montrons l’intérêt du préconditionnement hypoxique dont les effets sont médiés par Wnt4.L’ensemble de ces données permet d’envisager des voies d’optimisation de la thérapie cellulaire.Some of the challenges facing stem-cell therapy for cardiac disease are which type of stem cell or progenitor cell is the best candidate for therapy, how to survive in the low oxygen environment of ischemic myocardium. Here we studied the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as vascular progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo, and we studied the effects of sFRP-1/Wnt signaling modulation or hypoxia on MSC properties. First, we demonstrated the beneficial effect of MSC application on ischemic heart repair using an original surgical model (patch) to deliver stem cells. This study showed that the contribution of the MSCs in the mouse infarcted myocardium was beneficial either on the scar (increase in angiogenesis, in cell proliferation, reduction in ventricular remodeling) or on the trophicity of the patch.Then we characterized the angiogenic properties of MSC in vitro and in vivo. Our data demonstrate that MSCs could be recruited and formed vascular structures around endothelial tubes. We showed in vivo that the surexpression of sFRP-1 (regulating factor of the Wnt system) in MSCs increased their potential of pericyte-like cells correlated with an increased maturation of the vessels via an intracellular GSK-3 dependent pathway in MSCs. Our next objective was to investigate the effects of hypoxia exposure on MSC before implantation for vascular and tissue regeneration in mice with hind limb ischemia. Our data suggest that hypoxic preconditioning has a critical role on MSC dynamic functions, shifting MSC location in situ to enhance ischemic tissue recovery, facilitating vascular cell mobilization and skeletal myoblast regeneration via a paracrine Wnt dependent mechanism

Suivi à long terme après revascularisation myocardique par athérectomie directionnelle

BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Étude de micro-costing sur le Tavi (expérience du CHU de Bordeaux)

TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Nouvelles stratégies de thérapie cellulaire à visée pro-angiogénique (implication du système Wnt/Frizzled)

La thérapie cellulaire suscite de grands espoirs dans le domaine cardiovasculaire. Cependant les premières études humaines sont décevantes. Parmi les explications avancées, citons un mauvais choix de cellules, une méthode de délivrance inadéquate, une préparation des cellules et des tissus hôtes insuffisante ou une trop grande mortalité cellulaire après injection.Durant ce travail nous avons voulu explorer 3 pistes d optimisation de la thérapie cellulaire à visée pro-angiogénique utilisant les cellules souches mésenchymateuses (MSC) et contribué à l exploration des mécanismes mis en jeu, en particulier en explorant le rôle du système Wnt/Frizzled.Nous avons tout d abord étudié un système original de délivrance de cellules utilisant un patch musculaire cousu en regard d un myocarde infarci de souris. Puis nous avons étudié l effet d une surexpression de sFRP1, inhibiteur de la voie Wnt, sur un modèle de matrice sous cutanée. Enfin, nous avons testé l hypothèse qu un préconditionnement hypoxique des cellules permettrait une meilleure survie cellulaire et améliorerait la réparation vasculaire et tissulaire après ischémie de patte chez la souris.Nos résultats permettent notamment de montrer que les MSC ont des capacités d invasion des tissus ischémiques et qu elles se différencient en péricytes en formant un réseau tridimensionnel de soutien aux cellules endothéliales. Par ailleurs, via sFRP1, nous mettons en évidence un rôle du système Wnt/Fzd dans l effet pro-angiogénique. Enfin, nous montrons l intérêt du préconditionnement hypoxique dont les effets sont médiés par Wnt4.L ensemble de ces données permet d envisager des voies d optimisation de la thérapie cellulaire.Some of the challenges facing stem-cell therapy for cardiac disease are which type of stem cell or progenitor cell is the best candidate for therapy, how to survive in the low oxygen environment of ischemic myocardium. Here we studied the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as vascular progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo, and we studied the effects of sFRP-1/Wnt signaling modulation or hypoxia on MSC properties. First, we demonstrated the beneficial effect of MSC application on ischemic heart repair using an original surgical model (patch) to deliver stem cells. This study showed that the contribution of the MSCs in the mouse infarcted myocardium was beneficial either on the scar (increase in angiogenesis, in cell proliferation, reduction in ventricular remodeling) or on the trophicity of the patch.Then we characterized the angiogenic properties of MSC in vitro and in vivo. Our data demonstrate that MSCs could be recruited and formed vascular structures around endothelial tubes. We showed in vivo that the surexpression of sFRP-1 (regulating factor of the Wnt system) in MSCs increased their potential of pericyte-like cells correlated with an increased maturation of the vessels via an intracellular GSK-3 dependent pathway in MSCs. Our next objective was to investigate the effects of hypoxia exposure on MSC before implantation for vascular and tissue regeneration in mice with hind limb ischemia. Our data suggest that hypoxic preconditioning has a critical role on MSC dynamic functions, shifting MSC location in situ to enhance ischemic tissue recovery, facilitating vascular cell mobilization and skeletal myoblast regeneration via a paracrine Wnt dependent mechanism.BORDEAUX2-Bib. électronique (335229905) / SudocSudocFranceF

Etude de la relation entre Helicobacter Pylori et la néovascularisation post-ischémique

BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

CAREDAS: a Comprehensive Architecture for a Redundant and Evolutive Data Acquisition System for JHR reactor

A new material testing reactor Jules Horowitz Reactor is under construction at CEA Cadarache. The materials to be irradiated will be placed into experimental devices around the reactor. Process and measurements of experimental devices will be carried out by command control. A data acquisition system having processing performances will be associated to the programmable logic controller. The challenge is to design and realize for twenty experiment devices a high availability data acquisition system architecture for 50 years of sustainability. The real time target will achieve 24/7 data acquisition and real time processing. This scalable architecture could be use as well for JHR experimental devices with high availability as for testbed. This architecture could be run on a standalone station for a measuring bench or deployed on cluster for high availability. CAREDAS’s design is modular and use proven widely used open source solutions. All parts are independent from each other and can be replaced with another technology with the same functionalities. This ensures sustainability and control of software sources