Utilização de simulação para ensino em cardiologia: relato de experiência de acadêmicos de medicina

Simulation can be defined as the technique used to replace or amplify real experiences, which can be in an environment of total or partial immersion, which evokes or replicates essential aspects of daily practice, in an interactive way. This is a descriptive study, of the experience report type, based on the reports of nine medical students. The benefits reported by academics show that simulation allows the use of this controlled environment in the teaching of cardiology, where the error does not have a direct harmful consequence to the patient, on the contrary, even these situations generate a learning opportunity with the discussions generated around of the proposed scenario. This allows students to feel less pressured, insecure, creating an environment with greater comfort and safety. These reports reinforce the benefits of the method for the learning process, highlighting the possibility of repetition without harming the patient.Simulação pode ser definida como a técnica utilizada para substituir ou amplificar experiências reais, podendo ser em ambiente de imersão total ou parcial, que evoca ou replica aspectos essenciais da prática diária, de uma forma interativa. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, realizado a partir do relato de nove discentes do curso de medicina. Os benefícios relatados pelos acadêmicos mostram que a simulação permite a utilização desse ambiente controlado no ensino de cardiologia, onde o erro não incide em uma consequência danosa direta ao paciente, pelo contrário, mesmo essas situações geram uma oportunidade de aprendizado com as discussões geradas em torno do cenário proposto. Isso permite que os alunos se sintam menos pressionados, inseguros, gerando um ambiente com maior conforto e segurança. Esses relatos reforçam os benefícios do método para o processo de aprendizagem, destacando a possibilidade de repetição sem gerar dano ao paciente

The Influence of Religiosity/Spirituality on Mental Health

Health care workers and researchers are increasingly recognizing the religiosity/spirituality great dimension in health

valuation of the anatomic positions and situations of the appendix in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as diferentes posições e situações anatômicas do apêndice em pacientes pediátricos com apendicite aguda. MÉTODO: Estudo observacional do tipo corte transversal, realizado em Agosto de 2015 a Julho de 2016, na Emergência Pediátrica do Hospital da Restauração, na cidade do Recife. A amostra foi composta por 56 pacientes na faixa etária de 7 a 13 anos diagnosticados com apendicite aguda. Os dados clínico-epidemiológicos dos participantes foram obtidos antes do procedimento cirúrgico. Durante a cirurgia, foram coletadas as características anatômicas do apêndice (posição, situação, comprimento e fase da apendicite). RESULTADOS: As posições encontradas foram pélvica (37,5%), retrocecal (28,6%), pré-ileal (10,7%), pós-ileal (8,9%), subcecal (8,9%) e paracecal (5.4%). Quanto à situação, a mais vista foi descendente (46,4%), seguida por ascendente (28,6%), interna (19,6%) e externa (5,4%). As principais manifestações clínicas observadas foram dor em fossa ilíaca direita, vômitos e náuseas, independentemente da posição. Verificou-se que a fase inflamatória da apendicite foi a mais frequente em todas as posições, exceto na subcecal com 60% dos apêndices na fase perfurada. No entanto, não houve associação estatisticamente significante entre a posição subcecal e a fase da apendicite complicada (p=0,367). CONCLUSÃO: A posição pélvica e a situação descendente foram as mais frequentes na população de estudo. Não houve associação estatisticamente significante da posição do apêndice com a fase da apendicite e nem com o quadro clínico.OBJECTIVE: to access the different anatomic positions and situations of the appendix in pediatric patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. METHOD: It´s an observational, cross-sectional study performed between august 2015 and July of 2016, at the Pediatric Emergency of the Restauration Hospital, in Recife, Brazil. The sample was composed of 56 patients from 7 to 13 years-old diagnosed with acute appendicitis. The clinic-epidemiologic data of the participants were collected before the surgical procedure. During the surgery, all anatomic characteristics of the appendices were gathered. (position, situation, length, period of the appendicitis). RFESULTS: The positions were: pelvic (37.5%), retrocecal (28.6%), pre-ileal (10.7%), post-ileal (8.9%), subcecal (8.9%), and paracecal (5.4%). Regarding situation, the most common was the descending (46.4%), followed by the ascending (28.6%), internal (19.6%), and external (5.4%). The main clinical manifestations observed were: pain in the lower right quadrant, vomits, and nausa, not related to the position of the appendix. The inflammatory period was the most frequent in all positions, except in the subcecal, with 60% being perforated. However, there was no statistically significant association between the subcecal position and the period of the complicated appendicitis (p = 0.367). CONCLUSION: The pelvic position and the descending situation were the most frequent in the studied population. There was no statistically significant association between the position of the appendix and the period of the appendicitis, and neither with the clinical case

Photoresponsive Activity of the Zn_0.94Er_0.02Cr_0.04O Compound with Hemisphere-like Structure Obtained by Co-Precipitation

In this work, a ZnO hemisphere-like structure co-doped with Er and Cr was obtained by the co-precipitation method for photocatalytic applications. The dopant’s effect on the ZnO lattice was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Raman, photoluminescence, UV-Vis and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques. The photocatalytic response of the material was analyzed using methylene blue (MB) as the model pollutant under UV irradiation. The wurtzite structure of the Zn0.94Er0.02Cr0.04O compound presented distortions in the lattice due to the difference between the ionic radii of the Cr3+, Er3+ and Zn2+ cations. Oxygen vacancy defects were predominant, and the energy competition of the dopants interfered in the band gap energy of the material. In the photocatalytic test, the MB degradation rate was 42.3%. However, using optimized H2O2 concentration, the dye removal capacity reached 90.1%. Inhibitor tests showed that •OH radicals were the main species involved in MB degradation that occurred without the formation of toxic intermediates, as demonstrated in the ecotoxicity assays in Artemia salina. In short, the co-doping with Er and Cr proved to be an efficient strategy to obtain new materials for environmental remediation

Photoresponsive Activity of the Zn0.94Er0.02Cr0.04O Compound with Hemisphere-like Structure Obtained by Co-Precipitation

In this work, a ZnO hemisphere-like structure co-doped with Er and Cr was obtained by the co-precipitation method for photocatalytic applications. The dopant’s effect on the ZnO lattice was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Raman, photoluminescence, UV-Vis and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques. The photocatalytic response of the material was analyzed using methylene blue (MB) as the model pollutant under UV irradiation. The wurtzite structure of the Zn0.94Er0.02Cr0.04O compound presented distortions in the lattice due to the difference between the ionic radii of the Cr3+, Er3+ and Zn2+ cations. Oxygen vacancy defects were predominant, and the energy competition of the dopants interfered in the band gap energy of the material. In the photocatalytic test, the MB degradation rate was 42.3%. However, using optimized H2O2 concentration, the dye removal capacity reached 90.1%. Inhibitor tests showed that •OH radicals were the main species involved in MB degradation that occurred without the formation of toxic intermediates, as demonstrated in the ecotoxicity assays in Artemia salina. In short, the co-doping with Er and Cr proved to be an efficient strategy to obtain new materials for environmental remediation

Analysis of the First Optical Detection of a Meteoroidal Impact on the Lunar Surface Recorded from Brazil

Two lunar flashes are reported and fully analyzed, with one of them fulfilling every criterion preconized in the literature for the characterization of an impact, including confirmation by two simultaneous observations. It happened at 07:13:46 UT on 14 December 2017, at the selenographic coordinates of 9.79° (±0.06°)N and 45.42 (±0.07°)E. The peak magnitudes in the R and V bands vary from 6.3 to 7.9 and from 7.4 to 9.0, respectively, depending on the observatory, as the cameras’ exposure times were considerably different. The impactor mass is estimated to be between 1.6 and 2.0 kg, with a diameter of 10 to 11 cm, having produced a crater of 8.4 to 8.9 m in diameter. Results for the second flash are also presented and discussed, although the confirmation of an impact was not possible due to a pause in the recordings at one of the sites. The observations took place as part of an inaugural observing campaign in Brazil for lunar impact flash (LIF) detection conceived by the Brazilian Meteor Observation Network (BRAMON) and were carried out by two teams located in different states in the Northeast Region of Brazil, about 353 km apart from each other, at a time when the Moon was crossing the densest part of the Geminid meteoroid stream in 2017. The observing setups included 0.13 m and 0.2 m telescopes, both equipped with sensitive cameras. The Maceió setup probably delivered the finest definition ever reported in the literature for lunar impact monitoring, resulting in high-accuracy positioning. This will certainly aid in finding the associated crater from orbiter images, which will substantiate another work, aimed at performing a comparative analysis between the results from our photometry and the data retrieved by the LRO images. These observations were also very likely the first and the only one so far made by a normal framerate camera and a long-exposure camera simultaneously. The associated benefits are commented on. The source of the impactors is also discussed. In view of the successful results of this experience, national observing campaigns of this kind will be given continuation

Mídia e política no Brasil: textos e agenda de pesquisa Midia and politics in Brazil: texts and research agenda

Um especialista em estudos de comunicação e um cientista político apresentam conjuntamente um panorama da pesquisa sobre as relações entre os meios de comunicação e os processos políticos no Brasil. Uma agenda de pesquisa é proposta e um elenco de textos nessa área é apresentado.<br>A specialist in communication studies and a political scientist present together a panorama of research on the relations between communication midia and political processes in Brazil A research agenda is proposed and a list of texts in this area is presented