8,512 research outputs found
Velocity-dependent energy gaps and dynamics of superfluid neutron stars
We show that suppression of the baryon energy gaps, caused by the relative
motion of superfluid and normal liquid components, can substantially influence
dynamical properties and evolution of neutron stars. This effect has been
previously ignored in the neutron-star literature.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted by MNRAS Let
Universal collisionless transport of graphene
The impact of the electron-electron Coulomb interaction on the optical
conductivity of graphene has led to a controversy that calls into question the
universality of collisionless transport in this and other Dirac materials.
Using a lattice calculation that avoids divergences present in previous nodal
Dirac approaches, our work settles this controversy and obtains results in
quantitative agreement with experiment over a wide frequency range. We also
demonstrate that dimensional regularization methods agree, as long as the
scaling properties of the conductivity and the regularization of the theory in
modified dimension are correctly implemented. Tight-binding lattice and nodal
Dirac theory calculations are shown to coincide at low energies even when the
non-zero size of the atomic orbital wave function is included, conclusively
demonstrating the universality of the optical conductivity of graphene.Comment: 4+ pages,4 figures; includes Supplemental Material (18 pages, 2
figures
Elastic response of the electron fluid in intrinsic graphene: The collisionless regime
The elastic response of an electron fluid at finite frequencies is defined by
the electron viscosity . We determine for graphene
at the charge neutrality point in the collisionless regime, including the
leading corrections due to the electron-electron Coulomb interaction. We find
interaction corrections to that are significantly larger if
compared to the corresponding corrections to the optical conductivity. In
addition, we find comparable contributions to the dynamic momentum flux due to
single-particle and many-particle effects. We also demonstrate that
is directly related to the nonlocal energy-flow response of
graphene at the Dirac point. The viscosity in the collisionless regime is
determined with the help of the strain generators in the Kubo formalism. Here,
the pseudo-spin of graphene describing its two sublattices plays an important
role in obtaining a viscosity tensor that fulfills the symmetry properties of a
rotationally symmetric system.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure
A survey of statistical network models
Networks are ubiquitous in science and have become a focal point for
discussion in everyday life. Formal statistical models for the analysis of
network data have emerged as a major topic of interest in diverse areas of
study, and most of these involve a form of graphical representation.
Probability models on graphs date back to 1959. Along with empirical studies in
social psychology and sociology from the 1960s, these early works generated an
active network community and a substantial literature in the 1970s. This effort
moved into the statistical literature in the late 1970s and 1980s, and the past
decade has seen a burgeoning network literature in statistical physics and
computer science. The growth of the World Wide Web and the emergence of online
networking communities such as Facebook, MySpace, and LinkedIn, and a host of
more specialized professional network communities has intensified interest in
the study of networks and network data. Our goal in this review is to provide
the reader with an entry point to this burgeoning literature. We begin with an
overview of the historical development of statistical network modeling and then
we introduce a number of examples that have been studied in the network
literature. Our subsequent discussion focuses on a number of prominent static
and dynamic network models and their interconnections. We emphasize formal
model descriptions, and pay special attention to the interpretation of
parameters and their estimation. We end with a description of some open
problems and challenges for machine learning and statistics.Comment: 96 pages, 14 figures, 333 reference
Sensitivity of an image plate system in the XUV (60 eV < E < 900 eV)
Phosphor imaging plates (IPs) have been calibrated and proven useful for
quantitative x-ray imaging in the 1 to over 1000 keV energy range. In this
paper we report on calibration measurements made at XUV energies in the 60 to
900 eV energy range using beamline 6.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source at
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. We measured a sensitivity of ~25 plus or
minus 15 counts/pJ over the stated energy range which is compatible with the
sensitivity of Si photodiodes that are used for time-resolved measurements. Our
measurements at 900 eV are consistent with the measurements made by Meadowcroft
et al. at ~1 keV.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Antiferroquadrupolar Order in the Magnetic Semiconductor TmTe
The physical properties of the antiferroquadrupolar state occurring in TmTe
below TQ=1.8 K have been studied using neutron diffraction in applied magnetic
fields. A field-induced antiferromagnetic component k = (1/2,1/2,1/2) is
observed and, from its magnitude and direction for different orientations of H,
an O(2,2) quadrupole order parameter is inferred. Measurements below TN ~= 0.5
K reveal that the magnetic structure is canted, in agreement with theoretical
predictions for in-plane antiferromagnetism. Complex domain repopulation
effects occur when the field is increased in the ordered phases, with
discontinuities in the superstructure peak intensities above 4 T.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, Presented at the International Conference on
Strongly Correlated Electrons with Orbital Degrees of Freedom (ORBITAL 2001),
September 11-14, 2001 (Sendai, JAPAN). To appear in: Journal of the Physical
Society of Japan (2002
QCD sum rules for the anti-charmed pentaquark
We present a QCD sum rule analysis for the anti-charmed pentaquark state with
and without strangeness. While the sum rules for most of the currents are
either non-convergent or dominated by the continuum, the one for the
non-strange pentaquark current composed of two diquarks and an antiquark, is
convergent and has a structure consistent with a positive parity pentaquark
state after subtracting out the continuum contribution. Arguments are
presented on the similarity between the result of the present analysis and that
based on the constituent quark models, which predict a more stable pentaquark
states when the antiquark is heavy.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, REVTex, revised version,new figures added and
references update
Recommended from our members
Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) acnes clavicular infection.
Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) acnes13, 16 is a slow growing, gram-positive bacteria that is naturally found in higher concentrations as skin flora on the chest and back, as well as in other areas with greater numbers of hair follicles.25, 37 Most of the reported cases of C. acnes shoulder girdle infection follow arthroplasty surgery,18, 20, 26, 27, 32, 35 which then often requires debridement, administration of intravenous antibiotics, and surgical revision of the implanted device.12, 15, 21, 28-30 In a recent study, 56% of 193 shoulder revisions had a positive culture, 70% of which grew C. acnes.30 Despite the relatively common presumed association of C. acnes humeral osteomyelitis with prosthetic infection, infection of the scapula or clavicle secondary to C. acnes is rare.4, 23, 36 Osteomyelitis of the clavicle involving any organism is also an uncommon event that can arise spontaneously via presumed hematogenous spread, or secondary to open fractures or internal fixation.6, 33 The most commonly found organism in clavicular osteomyelitis is Staphylococcus aureus.9 We here report two cases of clavicular infection secondary to C. acnes that were not associated with implants
Pulsar Constraints on Neutron Star Structure and Equation of State
With the aim of constraining the structural properties of neutron stars and
the equation of state of dense matter, we study sudden spin-ups, glitches,
occurring in the Vela pulsar and in six other pulsars. We present evidence that
glitches represent a self-regulating instability for which the star prepares
over a waiting time. The angular momentum requirements of glitches in Vela
indicate that at least 1.4% of the star's moment of inertia drives these
events. If glitches originate in the liquid of the inner crust, Vela's
`radiation radius' must exceed ~12 km for a mass of 1.4 solar masses.
Observational tests of whether other neutron stars obey this constraint will be
possible in the near future.Comment: 5 pages, including figures. To appear in Physical Review Letter
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