Die Fragen der Metaethik: Eine Untersuchung zum Aufbau der Ethik

Es wird eine »Landkarte« metaethischer Fragen gezeichnet, die deutlich machen soll, in welchem Verhältnis die wichtigsten Positionen zueinander stehen. Das Ziel der Arbeit lässt sich als die Untersuchung charakterisieren, welche Fragen der Metaethik in dem Sinne essentiell zukommen, als dass alle Beteiligten zu beantworten suchen, ohne sich über die Weise ihrer Beantwortung einig zu sein. Das Ergebnis spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Beantwortung der Frage, was Metaethik eigentlich ist

Selektion auf Methioninreichtum des Samenproteins bei heimischen Leguminosen

While grain legumes can be regarded as highly valuable protein source for animal nutrition, certain drawbacks inhibit their use as sole foodstuff for livestock. The nutrient quality is reduced by low concentrations of tryptophan and sulfur amino acids. In the past substantial breeding effort has been invested in the reduction of antinutritional components and disease resistance while the protein quality has not been a focal point. To improve the protein quality the elevation of the low sulfur amino acid content is of prominent importance especially for organic production where high methionine feed components are rare. The present work tries to establish a method to select methionine enriched grain legumes for further breeding steps. Agronomical important European grain legume species were investigated (Lupinus angustifolius L., Pisum sativum L. and Vicia Faba L.). Plants grown from chemically mutagenized seeds were screened according to leaf chlorophyll content, radicle growth in a phytotoxic ethionine solution and seed S-contents. Results indicate usefulness of the screening procedure for L. angustifolius (increase of methionine content by up to 20%) and partly for P. sativum, while not for V. faba

Accuracy and Longevity of an Implantable Continuous Glucose Sensor in the PRECISE Study: A 180-Day, Prospective, Multicenter, Pivotal Trial

It is known that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems can lower mean glucose compared with episodic self-monitoring of blood glucose. Implantable CGM systems may provide additional benefits. We studied the Eversense (Senseonics Inc.) implantable CGM sensor in 71 participants aged 18 years and older with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in a 180-day multinational, multicenter pivotal trial. Participants used the CGM system at home and in the clinic. CGM accuracy was assessed during eight in-clinic visits with the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) for venous reference glucose values >4.2 mmol/L as the primary end point. Secondary end points included Clarke Error Grid Analysis and alarm performance. The primary safety outcome was device-related serious adverse events. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02154126. The MARD value against reference glucose values >4.2 mmol/L was 11.1% (95% CI 10.5, 11.7). Clarke Error Grid Analysis showed 99.2% of samples in the clinically acceptable error zones A and B. Eighty-one percent of hypoglycemic events were detected by the CGM system within 30 min. No device-related serious adverse events occurred during the study. Our results indicate the safety and accuracy of this new type of implantable CGM system and support it as an alternative for transcutaneous CG

Tests of the nature and of the gluon content of the \sigma(0.6) from D and D_{s} semileptonic decays

We summarize the different features which show that QCD spectral sum rule analyses of the scalar two- and three-point functions do not favour the $\bar uu+\bar dd$ interpretation of the broad and low mass $\sigma (0.6)$ and emphasize that a measurement of the $D_s$ semileptonic decays into $\pi\pi$ can reveal in a model-independent way its eventual gluon component $\sigma_B$. The analysis also implies that one expects an observation of the $K\bar K$ final states from the $\sigma_B$ which may compete (if phase space allowed) with the one from a low mass $\bar ss$ state assumed in the literature to be the SU(3) partner of the observed $\sigma (0.6)$ if the latter is a $\bar uu+\bar dd$ stateComment: 6 pages latex file. 4 fig.ep

Anti-inflammatory nuclear receptor superfamily in multiple sclerosis patients from Sardinia and Sweden

Several nuclear hormone receptors have been associated with inflammatory reactions. Particularly, liver X receptors (LXRs) have recently been identified as key transcriptional regulators of genes involved in lipid homeostasis and inflammation. LXRs are negative regulators of macrophage inflammatory gene expression. Multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of unknown cause, is characterized by recurrent inflammation involving macrophages and their inflammatory mediators. Sweden belongs to the countries with a high MS incidence. In Italy, the MS incidence is lower, except on the island of Sardinia where the incidence is even higher than in Sweden. Subjects from Sardinia are ethnically more homogeneous, and differ from Swedes also regarding genetic background and environment. We studied mRNA expression of several nuclear hormone receptors in blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from female patients with untreated relapsing-remitting MS from Sassari, Sardinia, and Stockholm, Sweden. Sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were from both areas. mRNA expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. We found altered mRNA expression of LXRs, estrogen receptors (ERs), and androgen receptor (AR) in MS. mRNA expression of both LXRα and LXRβ is lower in MS from Stockholm but not from Sassari. In particular, LXRα mRNA expression was significantly lower in MS from Stockholm as compared with all groups in the study including MS from Sassari. Low levels of ERα mRNA are seen in MS from both Stockholm and Sassari. The splice variant ERβcx showed significantly higher mRNA expression in MS from Sassari and Stockholm as compared with corresponding HC. In particular, ERβcx mRNA in MS from Sassari was remarkably higher as compared with all other groups in the study. Higher levels of AR mRNA are present in HC from Sassari. The findings indicate that the expression levels of anti-inflammatory nuclear receptor superfamily genes in MS appear to reflect both ethnic and environmental influences

Indirekte Selektionmethoden auf Methioninreichtum des Samenproteins bei heimischen Leguminosen

While grain legumes can be regarded as highly valuable protein sources for animal nutrition, ceratin drawbacks inhibit their use as sole foodstuff for livestock. The nutrient quality is reduced by low concentrations of tryptophan and sulfur amino acids

Reichweite einer mentalisierungsbasierten Pädagogik im Förderschwerpunkt emotionale und soziale Entwicklung. Ein narratives Review

Ziel des vorgelegten narrativen Reviews ist die kriteriengeleitete Zusammenschau von Forschungsergebnissen, um die Relevanz des Mentalisierungskonzepts und dessen Reichweite für den FSP ESENT zu diskutieren. Unter Verweis auf die skizzierten Forschungsergebnisse erweist sich das Mentalisierungskonzept samt des Ansatzes einer mentalisierungsbasierten Pädagogik als anschlussfähig. Kritisch hervorzuheben ist, dass bis heute kaum empirische Ergebnisse vorliegen, die explizit auf Schüler:innen mit emotional-sozialem Förderbedarf und Lehrkräften im FSP ESENT fokussieren. (DIPF/Orig.

Interlaboratory study on rheological properties of cement pastes and reference substances: comparability of measurements performed with different rheometers and measurement geometries

This paper presents the results of an interlaboratory study of the rheological properties of cement paste and ultrasound gel as reference substance. The goal was to quantify the comparability and reproducibility of measurements of the Bingham parameters yield stress and plastic viscosity when measured on one specific paste composition and one particular ultrasound gel in different laboratories using different rheometers and measurement geometries. The procedures for both in preparing the cement paste and carrying out the rheological measurements on cement paste and ultrasound gel were carefully defined for all of the study’s participants. Different conversion schemes for comparing the results obtained with the different measurement setups are presented here and critically discussed. The procedure proposed in this paper ensured a reasonable comparability of the results with a coefficient of variation for the yield stress of 27% and for the plastic viscosity of 24%, despite the individual measurement series’ having been performed in different labs with different rheometers and measurement geometries