1,125 research outputs found
Hyperkahler quotients and algebraic curves
We develop a graphical representation of polynomial invariants of unitary
gauge groups, and use it to find the algebraic curve corresponding to a
hyperkahler quotient of a linear space. We apply this method to four
dimensional ALE spaces, and for the A_k, D_k, and E_6 cases, derive the
explicit relation between the deformations of the curves away from the orbifold
limit and the Fayet-Iliopoulos parameters in the corresponding quotient
construction. We work out the orbifold limit of E_7, E_8, and some higher
dimensional examples.Comment: Two typos corrected--Journal version; 23 pages, 13 figures, harvma
A potential for Generalized Kahler Geometry
We show that, locally, all geometric objects of Generalized Kahler Geometry
can be derived from a function K, the "generalized Kahler potential''. The
metric g and two-form B are determined as nonlinear functions of second
derivatives of K. These nonlinearities are shown to arise via a quotient
construction from an auxiliary local product (ALP) space.Comment: 12 pages, contribution to "Handbook of pseudo-Riemannian Geometry and
Supersymmetry
Three-dimensional N=2 supergravity theories: From superspace to components
For general off-shell N=2 supergravity-matter systems in three spacetime
dimensions, a formalism is developed to reduce the corresponding actions from
superspace to components. The component actions are explicitly computed in the
cases of Type I and Type II minimal supergravity formulations. We describe the
models for topologically massive supergravity which correspond to all the known
off-shell formulations for three-dimensional N=2 supergravity. We also present
a universal setting to construct supersymmetric backgrounds associated with
these off-shell supergravities.Comment: 79 pages; V3: minor corrections, version published in PR
Identities in Nonlinear Realizations of Supersymmetry
In this paper, we emphasize that a UV SUSY-breaking theory can be realized
either linearly or nonlinearly. Both realizations form the dual descriptions of
the UV SUSY-breaking theory. Guided by this observation, we find subtle
identities involving the Goldstino field and matter fields in the standard
nonlinear realization from trivial ones in the linear realization. Rather
complicated integrands in the standard nonlinear realization are identified as
total-divergences. Especially, identities only involving the Goldstino field
reveal the self-consistency of the Grassmann algebra. As an application of
these identities, we prove that the nonlinear Kahler potential without or with
gauge interactions is unique, if the corresponding linear one is fixed. Our
identities pick out the total-divergence terms and guarantee this uniqueness.Comment: 15 pages, more discussions added, accepted by Nucl Phys
Preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus in Qatar by reducing obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity: mathematical modeling analyses.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of reducing the prevalence of obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity, and introducing physical activity as an explicit intervention, on the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), using Qatar as an example. METHODS: A population-level mathematical model was adapted and expanded. The model was stratified by sex, age group, risk factor status, T2DM status, and intervention status, and parameterized by nationally representative data. Modeled interventions were introduced in 2016, reached targeted level by 2031, and then maintained up to 2050. Diverse intervention scenarios were assessed and compared with a counter-factual no intervention baseline scenario. RESULTS: T2DM prevalence increased from 16.7% in 2016 to 24.0% in 2050 in the baseline scenario. By 2050, through halting the rise or reducing obesity prevalence by 10-50%, T2DM prevalence was reduced by 7.8-33.7%, incidence by 8.4-38.9%, and related deaths by 2.1-13.2%. For smoking, through halting the rise or reducing smoking prevalence by 10-50%, T2DM prevalence was reduced by 0.5-2.8%, incidence by 0.5-3.2%, and related deaths by 0.1-0.7%. For physical inactivity, through halting the rise or reducing physical inactivity prevalence by 10-50%, T2DM prevalence was reduced by 0.5-6.9%, incidence by 0.5-7.9%, and related deaths by 0.2-2.8%. Introduction of physical activity with varying intensity at 25% coverage reduced T2DM prevalence by 3.3-9.2%, incidence by 4.2-11.5%, and related deaths by 1.9-5.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Major reductions in T2DM incidence could be accomplished by reducing obesity, while modest reductions could be accomplished by reducing smoking and physical inactivity, or by introducing physical activity as an intervention
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