PHDS, Stress, And Starvation: The Identification Of A New RPD3 Deacetylase Complex Involved In The Yeast Oxidative Stress And Metabolism Pathways

The cellular pathways that govern survival in the face of diverse stresses rely on gene expression changes as one mechanism to respond to or protect against internal and external threats. Because eukaryotic DNA is packaged into chromatin, these gene expression changes depend on the targeting of regulatory proteins to specifi c regions of the genome to alter chromatin structure, promoting or repressing transcription. One protein domain involved in targeting chromatin regulators is the plant homeodomain, or PHD fi nger, a module that preferentially interacts with either methylated or unmethylated lysines on histones, and has important functions in human health. Despite recent advances in identifying the histone ligands for some PHD fi ngers as well as the functions of the proteins that contain them, for many other PHD fi ngers, including some of the 17 PHD fi ngers of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, these questions remain unanswered. In the research presented in this thesis, I sought to gain insight into the ligands and functions for three yeast PHD fi nger proteins, the Yng1 subunit of the NuA3 acetyltransferase complex, Jhd2, and Ecm5, the latter two both being homologous to the mammalian JARID family of histone demethylases. In Chapter 2, I demonstrate that the PHD fi ngers of these proteins interact with histone H3 enriched for different sites of methylation depending on the PHD and present results of an in vitro assay used to test whether any yeast PHD fi ngers possess ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, a function ascribed to the PHD-related RING domain. In Chapter 3, I discuss experiments performed to identify the protein interaction partners of Jhd2 and Ecm5,culminating in the discovery that Ecm5 interacts with the PHD fi nger protein Snt2 as well as the Rpd3 deacetylase, forming a complex I have named Rpd3(T). I also discuss experiments showing that the ecm5 knockout strain does not have obvious defects in many yeast pathways. In Chapter 4, I present evidence that Rpd3(T) complex members are involved in the cellular oxidative stress and metabolism pathways, and discuss chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments followed by high-throughput sequencing which were performed to map Ecm5 and Snt2 localization before and after hydrogen peroxide-mediated oxidative stress. I then discuss how the Ecm5 and Snt2 localization patterns relate to gene expression changes in wild-type cells after oxidative stress and in snt2 knockout cells. I compare Ecm5 and Snt2 localization patterns in rich media before and after oxidative stress to patterns in less rich media before and after nutrient stress induced by the TOR pathway inhibitor rapamycin. Finally, I discuss potential mechanisms through which Ecm5 and Snt2, either as a pair or as a part of the Rpd3(T) complex, may help to coordinate the cellular responses to oxidative and nutrient stresses, and the greater implications of this work

Grandparent Care in the Asian Population

The purpose of this report is to provide information on Asian grandparent caregivers in the United States. Many grandparents are responsible for grandchildren who live with them in the same household. The 1996 Welfare Reform Act mandates that statistics be collected on grandparents who serve as caregivers to a grandchild. In response to this requirement, questions were developed for the 2000 Census of Population asking each adult about care for grandchildren living in the same household. We use the census information to identify grandparents who are caring for grandchildren in two different types of households: skipped-generation households, in which a grandparent and grandchild live together but no parent is present, and three-generation shared care households, in which the grandparent claims responsibility for the grandchild but one or more of the child’s parents are also present. Data from the 2000 Census 5% Public Use Microdata Sample are used in our calculations

Grandparent Care in the Non-Hispanic White Population

The purpose of this report is to provide information on White grandparent caregivers in the United States. Many grandparents are responsible for grandchildren who live with them in the same household. The 1996 Welfare Reform Act mandates that statistics be collected on grandparents who serve as caregivers to a grandchild. In response to this requirement, questions were developed for the 2000 Census of Population asking each adult about care for grandchildren living in the same household. We use the census information to identify grandparents who are caring for grandchildren in two different types of households: skipped-generation households, in which a grandparent and grandchild live together but no parent is present, and three-generation shared care households, in which the grandparent claims responsibility for the grandchild but one or more of the child’s parents are also present. Data from the 2000 Census 5% Public Use Microdata Sample are used in our calculations

Grandparent Care in the Latino/Hispanic Population

The purpose of this report is to provide information on Latino grandparent caregivers in the United States. Many grandparents are responsible for grandchildren who live with them in the same household. The 1996 Welfare Reform Act mandates that statistics be collected on grandparents who serve as caregivers to a grandchild. In response to this requirement, questions were developed for the 2000 Census of Population asking each adult about care for grandchildren living in the same household. We use the census information to identify grandparents who are caring for grandchildren in two different types of households: skipped-generation households, in which a grandparent and grandchild live together but no parent is present, and three-generation shared care households, in which the grandparent claims responsibility for the grandchild but one or more of the child’s parents are also present. Data from the 2000 Census 5% Public Use Microdata Sample are used in our calculations

Grandparent Care in the United States: Comparisons by Race and Ethnicity

The purpose of this report is to compare information on grandparent caregivers in the United States among members of five different racial and ethnic groups. Many grandparents are responsible for grandchildren who live with them in the same household. The 1996 Welfare Reform Act mandates that statistics be collected on grandparents who serve as caregivers to a grandchild. In response to this requirement, questions were developed for the 2000 Census of Population asking each adult about care for grandchildren living in the same household.2 Data from the 2000 Census 5% Public Use Microdata Sample are used in our calculations. The groups included are the following: Hispanic/Latino grandparents, and non-Hispanic White, African American, Native American and Asian grandparents

Grandparent Care in the African-American Population

The purpose of this report is to provide information on African-American grandparent caregivers in the United States. Many grandparents are responsible for grandchildren who live with them in the same household. The 1996 Welfare Reform Act mandates that statistics be collected on grandparents who serve as caregivers to a grandchild. In response to this requirement, questions were developed for the 2000 Census of Population asking each adult about care for grandchildren living in the same household. We use the census information to identify grandparents who are caring for grandchildren in two different types of households: skipped-generation households, in which a grandparent and grandchild live together but no parent is present, and three-generation shared care households, in which the grandparent claims responsibility for the grandchild but one or more of the child’s parents are also present. Data from the 2000 Census 5% Public Use Microdata Sample are used in our calculations

Grandparent Care in the American Indian/ Alaska Native Population

The purpose of this report is to provide information on American Indian/Alaska Native (hereafter, Native American) grandparent caregivers in the United States. Many grandparents are responsible for grandchildren who live with them in the same household. The 1996 Welfare Reform Act mandates that statistics be collected on grandparents who serve as caregivers to a grandchild. In response to this requirement, questions were developed for the 2000 Census of Population asking each adult about care for grandchildren living in the same household. We use the census information to identify grandparents who are caring for grandchildren in two different types of households: skipped-generation households, in which a grandparent and grandchild live together but no parent is present, and three-generation shared care households, in which the grandparent claims responsibility for the grandchild but one or more of the child’s parents are also present. Data from the 2000 Census 5% Public Use Microdata Sample are used in our calculations

Oral health problems and mortality

AbstractBackground/purposePrevious studies have shown the relationship between individual oral health conditions and mortality; however, the relationship between mortality and multiple oral health conditions has not been examined. This study investigates the link between individual oral health problems and oral comorbidity and mortality risk.Materials and methodsData are derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004, which is linked to the National Death Index for mortality follow-up through 2006. We estimated the risk of mortality among people with three individual oral health conditions—tooth loss, root caries, and periodontitis as well as with oral comorbidity—or having all three conditions.ResultsSignificant tooth loss, root caries, and periodontal disease were associated with increased odds of dying. The relationship between oral health conditions and mortality disappeared when controlling for sociodemographic, health, and/or health behavioral indicators. Having multiple oral health problems was associated with an even higher rate of mortality.ConclusionIndividual oral health conditions—tooth loss, root caries, and periodontal disease—were not related to mortality when sociodemographic, health, and/or health behavioral factors were considered, and there was no differential pattern between the three conditions. Multiple oral health problems were associated with a higher risk of dying

Age-Friendly Yarmouth Needs Assessment Report

Communities throughout the nation are pursuing new strategies to promote health and quality of life among their residents. In 2014, the Town of Yarmouth joined the Age-Friendly Network through the World Health Organization and embarked on a five-year process to evaluate the community’s age-friendly features, plan for improvements, and implement change. The primary purpose of this report is to describe findings developed as part of the initial needs assessment phase of Yarmouth’s age-friendly initiative

The Grizzly, April 29, 2004

As the School Years Ends, The Search for Jobs Begins • Life-Changing Volunteer Work Found At the Clinic • Fad Diets: Do They Work? • Opinions: Chronic Back Pain: Ouch!; Lacking Luster (Again) at La Fontana; Is Donald Trump the Ideal Boss?; Eating Your Veggies Now More Appetizing than Mom Tried to Make it • Staff Spotlight: Jamal Elliot • Ursinus Students Put Learning Into Practice at Model U.N. • Goldwater Scholar Kari Baker • Softball Team Rolls Past Muhlenberg • Leadership: A Key Ingredient in the Success of the Men\u27s Baseball Team • Final Exam Schedulehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1561/thumbnail.jp