The Sermon and the Propers

Christmas, that is the Mass of Christ\u27s Day, is the only feast of the year for which our rite appoints two services and provides two sets of Propers. The set of Propers for the Early Service has been spoken of as historic, the set for the later Service as dogmatic. Whether we find it convenient or not, the fact remains that both sets are appointed for The Communion. In many churches the Holy Sacrament is celebrated only in one or the other, though the respective Propers are used in each service. Some churches have eliminated the Holy Communion entirely on Christmas Day

The Sermon and the Propers

This festival is known also as the Theophany, the Manifestation of God; the Feast of the Three Kings; and Twelfth - or in Lutheran Sweden, as Thirteenth - Day. A large· section of the church still observes it as the Christmas Festival. In a degree it must be associated with Christmas, but there is a distinct advance in its teaching. The Babe of Bethlehem is revealed as God, the splendor of the divine glory bursting through the humanity. The feast is the complete fulfillment of Advent, the highest point of the Christmas cycle

The Season of Advent

The great festivals of the church year are provided with a period of days that precedes and follows them as a season of preparation for and application of the central teaching. The Feast of the Nativity is preceded by the Advent season and followed by the twelve days culminating in the Festival of the Epiphany and the Epiphany season. The season of Advent precedes the Nativity of our Lord to prepare not for God\u27s birth as a true man but for the commemoration of this historic event

Inductively coupled plasma- and glow discharge plasma-sector field mass spectrometry

A

Many-body interactions and melting of colloidal crystals

We study the melting behavior of charged colloidal crystals, using a simulation technique that combines a continuous mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann description for the microscopic electrolyte ions with a Brownian-dynamics simulation for the mesoscopic colloids. This technique ensures that many-body interactions between the colloids are fully taken into account, and thus allows us to investigate how many-body interactions affect the solid-liquid phase behavior of charged colloids. Using the Lindemann criterion, we determine the melting line in a phase-diagram spanned by the colloidal charge and the salt concentration. We compare our results to predictions based on the established description of colloidal suspensions in terms of pairwise additive Yukawa potentials, and find good agreement at high-salt, but not at low-salt concentration. Analyzing the effective pair-interaction between two colloids in a crystalline environment, we demonstrate that the difference in the melting behavior observed at low salt is due to many-body interactions

Temporal Logic Robustness for General Signal Classes

In multi-agent systems, robots transmit their planned trajectories to each other or to a central controller, and each receiver plans its own actions by maximizing a measure of mission satisfaction. For missions expressed in temporal logic, the robustness function plays the role of satisfaction measure. Currently, a Piece-Wise Linear (PWL) or piece-wise constant reconstruction is used at the receiver. This allows an efficient robustness computation algorithm - a.k.a. monitoring - but is not adaptive to the signal class of interest, and does not leverage the compression properties of more general representations. When communication capacity is at a premium, this is a serious bottleneck. In this paper we first show that the robustness computation is significantly affected by how the continuous-time signal is reconstructed from the received samples, which can mean the difference between a successful control and a crash. We show that monitoring general spline-based reconstructions yields a smaller robustness error, and that it can be done with the same time complexity as monitoring the simpler PWL reconstructions. Thus robustness computation can now be adapted to the signal class of interest. We further show that the monitoring error is tightly upper-bounded by the L ∞ signal reconstruction error. We present a (non-linear) L ∞ -based scheme which yields even lower monitoring error than the spline-based schemes (which have the advantage of being faster to compute), and illustrate all results on two case studies. As an application of these results, we show how time-frequency specifications can be efficiently monitored online

The counterbend phenomenon in flagellar axonemes and cross-linked filament bundles

Recent observations of flagellar counterbend in sea urchin sperm show that the mechanical induction of curvature in one part of a passive flagellum induces a compensatory countercurvature elsewhere. This apparent paradoxical effect cannot be explained using the standard elastic rod theory of Euler and Bernoulli, or even the more general Cosserat theory of rods. Here, we develop a geometrically exact mechanical model to describe the statics of microtubule bundles that is capable of predicting the curvature reversal events observed in eukaryotic flagella. This is achieved by allowing the interaction of deformations in different material directions, by accounting not only for structural bending, but also for the elastic forces originating from the internal cross-linking mechanics. Large-amplitude static configurations can be described analytically, and an excellent match between the model and the observed counterbend deformation was found. This allowed a simultaneous estimation of multiple sperm flagellum material parameters, namely the cross-linking sliding resistance, the bending stiffness, and the sperm head junction compliance ratio. We further show that small variations on the empirical conditions may induce discrepancies for the evaluation of the flagellar material quantities, so that caution is required when interpreting experiments. Finally, our analysis demonstrates that the counterbend emerges as a fundamental property of sliding resistance in cross-linked filamentous polymer bundles, which also suggests that cross-linking proteins may contribute to the regulation of the flagellar waveform in swimming sperm via counterbend mechanics

How to not induce SNAs: The insufficiency of directional force.

People respond faster to smaller numbers in their left space and to larger numbers in their right space. Here we argue that movements in space contribute to the formation of spatial-numerical associations (SNAs). We studied the impact of continuous isometric forces along the horizontal or vertical cardinal axes on SNAs while participants performed random number production and arithmetic verification tasks. Our results suggest that such isometric directional force do not suffice to induce SNAs. [Abstract copyright: Copyright: © 2023 Michirev et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.